Relationship between yield ratio and the material constants of the Swift equation

The relationship between the yield ratio and the material constants,b andN, of the Swift equation for hotrolled low carbon steels has been established. The yield ratio calculated by using the Swift equation agrees well with an experimentally obtained yield ratio. It was found that the yield ratio decreases with an increasing value ofN or with a decreasing value ofb. It was also found, however, that high yield strength is associated with small values of bothb andN. Therefore, to obtain both high yield strength and low yield ratio, a detailed microstructural control is needed to determine the optimum values ofb andN.     

Facilitating the development of cross-platform software via automated code synthesis from web-based programming resources

When a mobile application is supported on multiple major platforms, its market penetration is maximized. Such cross-platform native applications essentially deliver the same core functionality, albeit within the conventions of each supported platform. Maintaining and evolving a cross-platform native application is tedious and error-prone, as each modification requires replicating the changes for each of the application׳s platform-specific variants. Syntax-directed source-to-source translation proves inadequate to alleviate the problem, as native API access is always domain-specific.In this paper, we present a novel approach—Native-2-Native—that uses program transformations performed on one platform to automatically synthesize equivalent code blocks to be used on another platform. When a programmer modifies the source version of an application, the changes are captured. Based on the changes, Native-2-Native identifies the semantic content of the source code block and formulates an appropriate query to search for the equivalent target code block using popular web-based programming resources. The discovered target code block is then presented to the programmer as an automatically synthesized target language source file for further fine-tuning and subsequent integration into the mobile application׳s target version. We evaluate the proposed method using common native resources, such as sensors, network access, and canonical data structures. We show that our approach can correctly synthesize more than 74% of iOS code from the provided Android source code and 91% of Android code from the provided iOS source code. The presented approach effectively automates the process of extracting the source code block׳s semantics and discovering existing target examples with the equivalent functionality, thus alleviating some of the most laborious and intellectually tiresome programming tasks in modern mobile development.     

Interface mixing induced by swift heavy ions at metal-oxide/silicon interfaces

It was observed previously that ceramic/ceramic bilayers were very sensitive with respect to the electronic stopping power S_e, i.e. strong interface mixing, scaling with , occurred if a threshold S_ec was exceeded. The threshold seemed to be determined by the higher track formation threshold of two constituents forming the bilayer. Although no track formation has been observed in crystalline Si even for Uranium projectiles, interface mixing was observed previously for some Si-multilayers.

In this paper we report on the interface mixing of NiO, Fe₂O₃, TiO₂ on Si due to irradiation with 90–350 MeV Ar-, Kr-, Xe- and Au-ions at 80 K at fluences up to 9E15 ions/cm². Interface mixing, analyzed by means of Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry (RBS), is found for these bilayers, too. But the threshold for intermixing is significantly higher compared to the ceramic/ceramic bilayers. This observation could be an evidence for the threshold being determined by the Si-layer. In contrast to NiO/Si and Fe₂O₃/Si, where an usual random walk mixing Δσ² = kΦ was observed, the interface broadening Δσ² for TiO₂/Si is found to scale nonlinearly with the ion fluence, which indicates that mixing is driven by a chemical solid-state reaction. At higher fluences plateaus form at the low energy Ni-edge of the RBS spectra. The plateaus indicate phase formation. X-Ray diffraction spectra does not show any evidence for new crystalline phases.     

Thermoluminescence response of 120 MeV Ag9+ and γ-ray exposed LiMgBO3:Dy3+ nanophosphors for dosimetry

Thermoluminescence(TL) response of LiMgBO₃:Dy³⁺ nanophosphor synthesized by combustion method was examined using γ-ray and 120 MeV Ag⁹⁺ swift heavy ion (SHI) irradiation. The LiMgBO₃:Dy³⁺ samples were exposed to 0.01 kGy −5 kGy γ-rays while for the different fluences the samples were irradiated with 120 MeV Ag⁹⁺ SHI over the range 1×10¹¹ ions cm⁻² to 1×10¹³ ions cm⁻². The prominent TL glow curve peaks appeared at 396 K and 390 K for the γ-ray and 120 MeV Ag⁹⁺ SHI irradiated samples. The glow curves for the SHI iradiated samples were more complex than those of the γ-ray exposed samples. The effect of different heating rates on the TL response was also determined. The trapping parameters (i.e. activation energy, frequency factor, order of kinetic) of all the individual peaks of the glow curves have been analysed by using Chen's formulae. The TL response curve against γ-ray exposure illustrated a good linear response upto 3 kGy and after that the response was sublinear. For the 120 MeV Ag⁹⁺ ion irradiated samples, the material exhibited a sublinear dependence against ion irradiation for the studied fluence. The good TL response against γ-ray irradiation suggested that the material can be explored for a possible application in dosimetry.     

Swift trust formation in multi-national disaster project management teams

In recent years there has been growing interest in how project management theory can both inform and be informed by disaster response and recovery projects. Addressing the lack of empirical research into how trust forms within such projects, this exploratory study mobilises swift trust theory to investigate the process of trust formation within a multinational disaster project management team formed in response to tropical cyclone Winston in Fiji in 2016. In-depth content analysis of qualitative data from semi-structured interviews with disaster management team members, non-participant observation of the disaster project management teams during the disaster response and analysis of disaster management documentation appear to support the predictions of swift trust theory in relation to the importance of reputation, role and interdependence in building swift trust. However, theoretical predictions around the importance of categorical assumptions, confirmation of assumptions and the leadership role of the contractor did not appear to be supported by our data. It is concluded that while swift trust theory can potentially provide valuable practical and theoretical insights into trust formation in multinational disaster project management teams, it may need to be adapted to more accurately model trust formation in a disaster project management context.     

Stopping power of Mylar for heavy ions up to copper

The stopping powers of Mylar for several heavy ions covering Z=11 to 29 in the energy range 0.3 to 2.3 MeV/n have been measured using the elastic recoil detection technique and twin detector system. The technique provided a unique method to generate a variety of variable energy ion species utilizing a fixed energy 140 MeV Ag¹³⁺ primary beam from the Pelletron accelerator facility at Nuclear Science Center, New Delhi, India. Most of these measurements are new. The experimentally measured stopping power values have been compared with those calculated using LSS theory, Ziegler et al. formulation and Northcliffe and Schilling tabulations. Merits and demerits of these formulations are highlighted. Stopping power calculations using the Hubert et al. formulation have been extended successfully beyond its recommended range of validity, i.e. 2.5–500 MeV/n down to energies as low as 0.5 MeV/n.     

Extending the inelastic thermal spike model for semiconductors and insulators

The inelastic thermal spike framework was extended to incorporate an additional balance equation for the carrier density. Temporal and spatial evolution of carrier density, electronic and lattice temperatures were solved for silicon using a finite difference method. Calculated track radii for a range of electronic stopping powers are presented. The model allows us to fit the electron-phonon coupling to experimental data of amorphised track radii. We compare the methodology of this framework to an earlier inelastic thermal spike model, which is based on the two-temperature model for non-equilibrium processes in metals, and discuss its contribution to the understanding of microscopic processes following a swift ion irradiation event in band gap materials.     

A concept analysis of Jonathan Swift'sA tale of a Tub andGulliver's Travels

Part 1. The core of the concept analysis method is a dictionary of 43,000 words to each of which is assigned up to 5 of 168 concepts. Computer programs read each word of a text and produce a concept frequency profile of the text.Part 2. Comparisons of concept profiles ofTub andGulliver and Swift's own contemporary texts, as well as a composite text of 18th century writers, reveal thatGulliver is conceptually different fromTub and its coevals. The fourth book ofGulliver (Houyhnhnms) is significantly different from the first three books. The last two books ofGulliver (Laputa and Houyhnhnms) are more likeTub than are the first two books (Lilliput and Brobdingnag).Part 3. The concepts and words supporting these distinctions suggest two strands in Swift's thinking: the first, pessimism about the human condition; the second, interest in the quotidian world. Finally, such issues as disambiguation of homonyms, scoring of phrases, and the role of syntax are considered.Julius Laffal is Associate Clinical Professor of Psychiatry (in Psychology) at Yale University. He was Director of Research and Psychological Services at Connecticut Valley Hospital from 1969 to 1985. He has been Adjunct Professor of Psychology at Wesleyan University, and Professor in Residence, Psychology, at University of Connecticut. He is the author ofNormal and Pathological Language (1965) andA Concept Dictionary of English with Computer Programs for Content Analysis (1990).     

Mechanism of swift chemical sputtering: Comparison of Be/C/W dimer bond breaking

Current and future tokamak-like fusion reactors include the three elements Be, C, and W as the plasma-facing materials. During reactor operation, also mixtures of all these elements will form. Hence it is important to understand the atom-level mechanisms of physical and chemical sputtering in these materials. We have previously shown that athermal low-energy sputtering of pure C and Be can be understood by the swift chemical sputtering mechanism, where an incoming H (or D or T) ion enters between two atoms and pushes them apart. In the current article, we examine the model system of D impacting on a single dimer to determine the detailed mechanism of bond breaking and its probability for the Be₂, C₂, W₂, WC, BeW, and BeC dimers. The results are found to correlate well with recent experiments and simulations of sputtering of the corresponding bulk materials during prolonged H isotope bombardment.