浅淡50kt/a三聚磷酸钠装置设计

从工艺流程、设备布置、材料和标准的选择、管架的选用等方面对三聚磷酸钠装置设计的特点进行了总结。对本装置设计的不足之处也进行了探讨。     

FexCo1−x-doped titanium oxide nanotubes as effective photocatalysts for hydrogen extraction from ammonium phosphate

Theoretically, tri-ammonium phosphate (NH₄)₃PO₄ embeds considerable amount of hydrogen. Typically, the expected hydrogen release from this cheap and stable material is 73.83 mmol/g_salt if a proper catalyst is exploited in the hydrolysis reaction. In this study Fe_xCo_1?x-doped titanium oxide nanotubes are introduced as an efficient photocatalyst under solar radiation. The introduced modified titanium oxide nanotubes have been prepared in two successive steps. First, Na-doped TiO₂ nanotubes were synthesized by hydrothermal treatment in presence of 10 N NaOH solution at 160 °C for 16 h. Then, doping by the proposed metals was carried out by ion exchange process in a microwave oven. X-ray photoelectron microscopy (XPS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed the success of the doping process and the nanotubular morphology, respectively. Study the photo characteristics indicated that the proposed metal doping shifted the band gap from UV to the visible light region as the estimated band gap energies for the as-prepared and doped nanotubes were 3.4 and 2.1 eV, respectively. Moreover, distinct enhancement for the visible light absorption capacity was observed. Accordingly, a distinguished improvement in the photocatalytic activity toward tri-ammonium phosphate hydrolysis was observed. However, the two metals content has a strong influence on the amount of the obtained hydrogen per gram of tri-ammonium phosphate salt. Numerically, the maximum obtained hydrogen was 4.0, 11.2, 11.2, 11.6, 13.4, 16.5, 17.4, 13.4 and 9.8 mmol/g_salt for the pristine TiO₂, and Fe_xCo_1?x-doped TiO₂ with x = 1, 0.8, 0.6, 0.5, 0.4, 0.3, 0.2, and 0.0, respectively.     

Hydrogen liberation from the dehydrocoupling of dimethylamine–borane at room temperature by using novel and highly monodispersed RuPtNi nanocatalysts decorated with graphene oxide

Addressed herein, we reported the fabrication of the graphene oxide (GO) supported monodispersed ruthenium–platinum–nickel (RuPtNi) nanomaterials (3.40 ± 0.32 nm) to be utilized as a catalyst in the process of dimethylamine borane (DMAB) dehydrogenation. The nanoparticles were fabricated through the ultrasonication method by co-reducing the Ru³⁺, Pt²⁺ and Ni²⁺ cations and then the nanomaterials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The fabricated nanomaterials showed outstanding efficiency and remarkable reusability in addition to their record catalytic activity at low temperatures and with extreme low concentrations. They had a significantly high turnover frequency (TOF) (727 h^?1) and low activation energy (E_a) (49.43 ± 2 kJ mol^?1) for DMAB dehydrocoupling. To the best of our knowledge, RuPtNi@GO NPs become a very promising candidate as the best catalyst ever.     

Lewis Base Additives Improve the Zeolite Ferrierite‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Isostearic Acids

Isostearic acids (IA) are highly utilized for industrial purposes especially in the area of biolubricants, such as cosmetics and slip additives for polyolefin and related copolymer films. This study was designed to develop a zeolitic catalysis process for efficient IA production through isomerization of fatty acids. The process utilized zeolite protonated Ferrierite with a small amount of base additive to neutralize (i.e., poison) the acidic sites on the external surfaces of the zeolite particles to prevent side reactions. Of the six base additives examined, the proton sponge combined with the zeolite protonated Ferrierite was found to be the most effective for this isomerization. With only 0.5 wt% proton sponge additive to 5.0 wt% Ferrierite, the dimers were successfully suppressed from 20.6 wt% yield to 2.42 wt% with an IA yield of 83.4 wt% and a 98 % conversion.     

The flow rate of test odor spouting into the mask in the dynamic odor test

The adoption of the sensory odor test will prevail widely in many local self governments in Japan in order to evaluate and regulate the complex odor in fields. This is also done by the tri‐angle choice bag test. However, this procedure has several problems in the reliability and reproducibility of the results obtained. It is desired to solve these problems by the mechanization of the method. From this point of view, an experimental study on the flow rate of test odor has been carried out and the results obtained are described in this paper. It is confirmed that the optimum flow rate of test odor is about 41/min at the inlet of the mask in the dynamic sniffing method.     

Direct Extraction of Propionic Acid from Propionibacterium acidipropionici Broths with Tri‐n‐octylamine

The direct reactive extraction of propionic acid from Propionibacterium acidipropionici broths with solutions of tri‐n‐octylamine in dichloromethane, n‐butyl acetate or n‐heptane underlined the strong negative influence of the cells, due to the blockage of the interface by their adsorption. The magnitude of this effect <#>depends on the affinity of the cells for the organic phase, which is more important for n‐heptane, but only at biomass concentrations below 18 g L^–1 d.w. (dry weight). Moreover, the interfacial mass transfer of the acid is also controlled by the solvent polarity, and is accelerated from n‐heptane to dichloromethane and by the addition to the organic phase of 1‐octanol as a phase modifier. The influences of the biomass concentration, the rotation speed and the solvent dielectric constant were included in a mathematical model describing the solute mass flow from the aqueous to the organic phase.     

含两极化合物的交联聚合物的合成与性能

设计了一类两极化合物,既含有电子传输单元,又含有空穴传输单元,采用一般的N-烷基化反应或Ullmann反应。将改性的8-羟基喹啉用作穴传输单元的化合物加入到反应体系中,在催化剂的存在下反应获得一类含有吩噻嗪单元的8-羟基喹啉衍生物。将此配体与含可聚合单元的8-羟基喹啉配体与金属离子共同配位,获得一类两极化合物,即含有空穴传输单元的8-羟基喹啉金属配合物。将该两极化合物通过紫外光固化或热固化共聚交联实现高分子化,得到一类含有新型的发光材料。并利用元素分析、FT—IR、UV、PL光谱等方法对其结构和性能作了表征。循环伏安法被用来研究其氧化还原性质和估算电化学能级。     

三（2,4,6—三溴苯酚）亚磷酸酯的合成及其应用

本文介绍了在吡啶存在下，以苯酚，溴和三氯化磷为原料合成三（２，４，６－三溴苯酚）亚磷酸酯的方法。对该产品Ｅ－４４型环氧树脂中的阻燃效果以及对小本体聚丙烯加工稳定性进行了研究。结果表明：该阻燃剂在Ｅ－４４型环氧树脂中的阻燃性能优于我们以前合成的三（２，４，６－三溴苯酚）磷酸酯；与抗氧剂１０１０共同使用对小本体聚丙烯树脂表现出良好的协同稳定效应。     

三（2,2—二溴甲基—3—溴丙基）磷酸酯对聚丙烯阻燃及流变性的影响

以自行合成的三（２,２－二溴甲－３－溴丙基）磷酸酯（ＴＤＢＰ）为阻燃剂,研究了ＴＤＢＰ阻燃聚丙烯的阻燃和力学性能。采用Ｌｎｓｔｒｏｎ３２１１流变仪测定和分析了ＴＤＢＰ和ＴＤＢＰ／Ｓｂ２Ｏ３阻燃聚丙烯在不同阻燃剂用量及温度下的流变行为。结果表明,ＴＤＢＰ与Ｓｂ２Ｏ３对聚丙烯的阻燃具有明显的协同阻燃效应。ＴＤＢＰ和ＴＤＢＰ／Ｓｂ２Ｏ３阻燃聚丙烯的流变行为均表现出剪切变稀的非牛顿流体特性,其流变行为受温