光接入网中DWMT调制技术的研究

研究了光纤－电缆调制解调器接入技术的上行信道调制方式，分析了离散小波多音（DWMT）调制与其它调制方式相比所具有的特点和优势，提出了DWMT调制解调器的实现模型，设计了使用DWMT调制解调器的光纤－电缆调制解调器双向传输的系统方案；并对DWMT调制的系统特性进行了计算机仿真分析。仿真结果表明，DWMT调制是一项能有效实用于光纤－电缆调制解调器系统上行信道的技术。     

Upstream wake-secondary flow interactions in the endwall region of high-loaded turbines

A detailed experimental and numerical investigation of the unsteady interaction of secondary flow vortices in turbine endwall region was performed with the effect of upstream periodic wakes. The flow field was investigated respectively in a linear turbine cascade and a turbine rotor. The study revealed the physical mechanisms of unsteady interaction between upstream wake and secondary vortices. The influence of the upstream wake on the performance of turbine endwall region was also discussed.The flow field at the exit of the turbine blade row showed a decrease in passage vortex strength and loss due to the upstream wake transport. Two interaction mechanisms are proposed whereby passage vortex loss decreases. They are the upstream wake-pressure side leg of the horseshoe vortex interaction and the upstream wake-passage vortex interaction. The transport of upstream wake can suppress the development of pressure side leg of the horseshoe vortex and passage vortex because of the “negative jet” influence of the wake.     

宽带网满负荷试验对于UniLINK协议的验证

ＵｎｉＬＩＮＫ是一种基于现存有线电视网的介质访问控制层（ＭＡＣ）协议。该协议的设计适用于树型拓扑结构的宽带网络，且支持的距离从主控端到客户端可达１６０公里。ＵｎｉＬＩＮＫ协议基于一种改进的时分多路控制（ＴＤＭ）协议，支持固定、和保留三三种带宽分配策略，且会依据不同的网络负担动态地在三种策略中进行选择。目前，基于该协议的ＬＡＮＣｉｔｙ系列产品在上海有线电视台和上海交大的互联试验中被使用。基于该测试的     

Resolving operational issues encountered during continuous casting of micro-alloyed Al killed steel

Nozzle clogging of low carbon micro-alloyed Al killed steel is a crucial castability problem at steelmaking shop. The nozzle clogging index (NCI) was earlier developed by R&D and implemented in the control room of the caster. This parameter gives the clogging status of submerged entry nozzle. In the present work, the root cause for higher NCI was identified by developing a correlation with the upstream parameters. A correction parameter was applied to avoid some misleading NCI values (encountered during the process). Primarily wide variations in bath killing practices by Al bar addition and higher lime addition at TAP were found to have significant impact on NCI during casting. Subsequently, higher Al wire injection at on line purging station and relatively lower lime addition at ladle furnace were also found to have higher NCI. Based on the statistical analysis, the optimum ranges of the upstream parameters were suggested to conduct a plant trial for getting lower NCI. Overall the NCI was reduced from an average value of 0.66 (bad heats) to 0.26 (good heats) for a complete trial casting sequence.     

microRNA沉默卡氏肺孢子菌主要表面糖蛋白基因对大鼠卡氏肺孢子菌肺炎的治疗作用

目的探讨靶向卡氏肺孢子菌(Pneumocystis carinii,PC)主要表面糖蛋白基因(Major surface glycoprotein gene,MSG)上游保守序列(Upstream conserved sequence,UCS)的microRNA重组质粒对大鼠卡氏肺孢子菌肺炎(Pneumocystis cariniipneumonia,PCP)的治疗作用。方法将SD大鼠经腹股沟皮下注射地塞米松磷酸钠7周,制备大鼠PCP感染模型。将模型大鼠随机分为5组:microRNA重组质粒治疗组(M组)、磺胺药物治疗组(H组)、生理盐水对照组(C1组)、空载体质粒对照组(C2组)和模型对照组(C3组),其中M组和C1、C2组经尾静脉分别注射含microRNA重组质粒pPC-UCS、生理盐水和空载体,H组用磺胺药物灌胃治疗,C3组不做处理,每日1次,疗程为7 d。1周后吉姆萨染色,油镜下计数大鼠肺组织液印片中PC包囊数;HE染色,光镜观察肺组织病理改变;ELISA法检测大鼠血清中IL-10和IFNγ的表达水平;RT-PCR法检测肺组织中PC MSG-UCSmRNA的表达水平;电镜观察PC的超微结构。结果与C1、C2和C3组相比,M组和H组大鼠肺组织PC包囊数均明显减少(P<0.05),肺组织炎症较轻,大鼠血清IL-10的表达水平均显著降低(P<0.05),而IFNγ的表达水平显著升高(P<0.05),大鼠肺组织PC MSG-UCS mRNA的表达水平均显著降低(P<0.05);电镜观察显示,M组和H组PC包囊表面均出现破损,C1、C2、C3组未发现破损。结论 microRNA重组质粒pPC-UCS对大鼠PCP有明显的治疗作用,为治疗PCP提供了新的思路。     

Strengths of horseshoe vortices around a circular cylinder with an upstream cavity

Horseshoe vortices are formed at the junction of an object immersed in fluid-flow and endwall plate as a result of three-dimensional boundary layer separation. This study presents the variation of the strengths of such horseshoe vortices around a circular cylinder with a cavity (slot) placed upstream. Through the cavity, no mass flow addition (blowing) or reduction (suction) is applied. With the upstream cavity, adverse pressure gradient is weakened upstream of the cavity whereas it is strengthened downstream of the cavity. Furthermore, a single vortex system is found to form immediately upstream of the cylinder instead of a typical two vortex (primary and secondary vortices) system observed in the absence of the upstream cavity. The strength of the primary vortex is weakened due to the fluid stream engulfed in to the upstream cavity, resulting in diffusion of the mainstream. Consequently, the circulation of the primary vortex is weakened. This paper was presented at the 7th JSME-KSME Thermal and Fluids Engineering Conference, Sapporo, Japan, October 2008. Seung Jin Song has received his undergraduate and graduate degrees from Duke University and MIT, respectively. He has taught in the Department of Aerospace Engineering at Inha University from 1995 to 1999. Since 1999, he has been teaching in the School of Aerospace Engineering at Seoul National University. His research interests include turbomachinery, propulsion, and fluid engineering.     

Drying in the Context of the Overall Process

Abstract

Although drying has traditionally been considered as a unit operation, it is strongly affected by upstream operations such as crystallization and solid–liquid separation, and in turn can affect downstream processes such as gas cleaning and micronization. Process design needs to consider the complete flowsheet and the interactions between the different steps as early as possible. Key points are the particle formation method and the final product specification. The mean particle diameter and particle size distribution are vital parameters throughout the process, as smaller particles and fines make solids handling, dewatering, and washing more difficult. This in turn affects the inlet moisture content to the dryer, and hence the heat duty and performance. Intermediate size enlargement or reduction may be used to give a more easily dried particle or agglomerate. There are important links to the new subject of product engineering, for example in the choice of processing route to achieve a given product quality and specification. The interactions between the different process steps can affect process design, equipment selection and troubleshooting, and this is illustrated by industrial case studies. A holistic approach is proposed to allow the whole solids processing flowsheet to be optimized as an entity, rather than optimising each unit operation in isolation and then finding a conflict between them.     

三峡工程二期上游横向围堰主要工程地质问题及处理建议

三峡工程二期上游围堰轴线的选择经过近２０年的研究与勘察，所选定的围堰轴线避开了对防渗墙施工难度大的架空块球体区，及河床深槽地段，通过对围堰堰基的地形地貌及河床冲淤变化，地层岩性，断层构造，岩体风化，岩体透水性分析，提出了解决堰基对防渗墙造孔影响等问题的建议。     

Study of the hydraulic properties of the cylindrical crested weirs

Since the cylindrical and circular crested weirs are economical and easily made compared to some other weirs, they can be used to measure the flow velocity, the water discharge and flow surface control structures in the canals and reservoirs. In this paper, the hydraulic properties of the cylindrical and circular crested weirs, such as the discharge coefficient, the depth on the crest of the weir and the energy loss in 18 laboratory models categorized in 5 categories have been investigated. The results of the experiments indicated that in both the cylindrical and circular crested weirs by increasing the total partial head, the discharge coefficient increases and any changes in the upstream wall slope has no effect on the discharge coefficient. Also, the partial energy loss more occurs in the cylindrical weirs than the half shaped cylindrical weirs and by increasing the downstream inclination angle, the partial energy loss increases subsequently. The partial flow depth on the crest of both the cylindrical and half shaped cylindrical weirs is equal to 0.7 and by increasing of the upstream inclination angle, the partial flow depth on the crest in the values greater than 0.6, increases slightly and the downstream inclination angle changes of the partial flow depth has no effect on the crest.     

HFC网络回传通道设计分析及其关键技术

提出HFC网络回传通道设计的可靠性、开放性、扩展性和实用性原则 ,阐明这四大设计原则的准确含义 ,指明正、反向通道设计的异同。分析回传通道设计的 3项关键技术 :控制汇聚噪声 ,实施电平均衡 ,防止回传通道过激励而发生信道阻塞。