Rapid screening of DON contamination in whole wheat meals by Vis/NIR spectroscopy and computer vision coupling technology

This work intends to develop an online experimental system for screening of deoxynivalenol (DON) contamination in whole wheat meals by visible/near-infrared (Vis/NIR) spectroscopy and computer vision coupling technology. Spectral and image information of samples with various DON levels was collected at speed of 0.15 m s⁻¹ on a conveyor belt. The two-type data were then integrated and subjected to chemometric analysis. Discriminant analysis showed that samples could be classified by setting 1000 μg kg⁻¹ as the cut-off value. The best correct classified rate obtained in prediction was 93.55% based on fusion of spectral and image features, with reduced prediction uncertainty as compared to single feature. However, quantification of DON by quantitative analysis was not successful due to poor model performance. These results indicate that, although not accurate enough to provide conclusive result, this coupling technology could be adopted for rapid screening of DON contamination in cereals and feeds during processing.     

如何用Visual C++开发控制面板组件

介绍了控制面板组件的工作原理,给出了用Visual C++开发 控制面板组件的方法,实现自己正确操作系统控制面板之目的,且给出了应用实例。     

藏红T与DNA相互作用的电化学及紫外-可见光谱研究

利用循环伏安法研究了藏红T(ST)在玻碳电极上的电化学反应,结合紫外-可见光谱(UV／Vis)对藏红T与DNA的作用机理进行了研究,并通过测定藏红T对溴化乙锭-天然DNA体系的影响,以及天然DNA和变性DNA与藏红T作用的不同,得出藏红T与DNA发生类似溴化乙锭的嵌插作用的结论,形成了2ST-DNA结合物,结合常数为3.46×104L2·mol-2。     

Polyaniline sensitized Pt@TiO2 for visible-light-driven H2 generation

Polyaniline is a typical conducting polymer with high migration electron rate, good stability, eco-friendly properties, and high absorption coefficients for visible light. In the present study, polyaniline decorated Pt@TiO₂ for visible light-driven H₂ generation is reported for the first time. The above-mentioned nanocomposite is prepared through a simple oxidative-polymerization and characterized by infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X–ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and ultraviolet–visible diffuse reflectance spectra. Polyaniline modification improves the absorption of the nanocomposite in visible light region via a photosensitization effect similar to dye–sensitization but does not influence the crystal structure and size of Pt@TiO₂. The polyaniline modified Pt@TiO₂ exhibits a remarkable visible light activity (61.8 μmol h⁻¹ g⁻¹) and good stability for H₂ generation (with an average apparent quantum yield of 10.1%) with thioglycolic acid as an electron donor. This work provides new insights into using conducting polymers, including polyaniline, as a sensitizer to modify Pt@TiO₂ for visible-light hydrogen generation.     

Multifunctional Composites of Chiral Valine Derivative Schiff Base Cu(II) Complexes and TiO2

We have prepared four new Cu(II) complexes containing valine moieties with imidazole ligands at the fourth coordination sites and examined their photo-induced reactions with TiO₂ in order of understanding the reaction mechanisms. Under a nitrogen atmosphere, the intermolecular electron transfer reactions (essentially supramolecular interactions) of these systems, which resulted in the reduction of Cu(II) species to Cu(I) ones, occurred after UV light irradiation. In this study, we have investigated the conditions of the redox reactions in view of substituent effects of aldehyde moieties. The results of cyclic voltammetry (CV) on an rotating ring-disk electrode (RRDE) suggested that the substitution effects and redox potentials were correlated. Density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) calculations were also performed to simulate the UV–Vis and circular dichroism (CD) spectra; the results revealed a reasonably good correlation between the substituent effects and the highest occupied molecular orbitals and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (HOMO-LUMO) gaps associated with the most intense transition bands. In addition, we summarized the substitution effects of Cu(II) complexes for their corresponding UV light-induced reactions.     

Spark Parameter Monitoring Feedback System for Preparation of Nanosilver Colloid in EDM

This study developed a system monitoring the electric discharge machine's (EDM) discharge energy and success rate to replace conventional oscilloscope observation. By using logic circuit, the signals are transmitted to the PC monitoring platform in order to display the discharge success times, discharge success rate, and electrode's consumption energy. The advantage of the proposed system is the capability to observe real-time discharges and record the experimental conditions, as well as optimize the discharge parameter settings. The experimental results suggest that, in the preparation of nanosilver colloid, the cost-performance of T_on–T_off at 10–100 µs is the optimal setting. The monitoring system also can take advantage of the discharge success rate to control the energy consumption of the electrode to obtain the standardization of products. The results suggest that, while discharge success rate, electrode's weight loss and wavelength of the absorption peak are considerably accurate, but concentration accuracy is relatively poor. The discharge success rate monitoring system is an innovative method that can help to realize electric discharge processing, optimize product quality, and it may be a powerful processing tool in the future.     

Controlling Argan Seed Quality by NIR

The suitability of using visible/near infrared spectroscopy (Vis/NIR), as a rapid and non‐destructive technique for monitoring the quality of argan seeds (Argania spinosa Skeels) was studied. The analyzed parameters were the fatty acid composition of argan seed oil, seed moisture content, seed oil content and oil stability index (OSI). The ratio between major unsaturated and saturated fatty acids (U/S) during the oxidation assay at constant temperature was studied. Values from infrared drying were used as a laboratory reference for the moisture. Argan seed oil content was determined by Soxhlet extraction. A fatty acid analysis was carried out by gas chromatography and the OSI was determined by the Rancimat test. Predictive models of argan seed moisture, ratio U/S and OSI showed good accuracy. Therefore, Vis/NIR measurements can be used for controlling several argan seed quality parameters. This procedure might be of interest to the argan oil industry, which is currently in the process of modernization and expansion.     

Lactoperoxidase-mediated degradation of single-walled carbon nanotubes in the presence of pulmonary surfactant

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) may elicit inflammatory responses following pulmonary exposure. Conversely, enzymatic biodegradation of CNTs by inflammatory cells has also been reported. The aim of this study was to study the degradation of oxidized single-walled CNTs (ox-SWCNTs) by lactoperoxidase (LPO), a secreted peroxidase present in the airways, and whether pulmonary surfactant affects this biodegradation. To this end, ox-SWCNTs were incubated in vitro with recombinant bovine LPO + H₂O₂ + NaSCN in the presence and absence of porcine lung surfactant (Curosurf®) and biodegradation was monitored using UV–Vis–NIR spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The interaction of recombinant LPO with bundles of ox-SWCNTs was confirmed by atomic force microscopy. Cell-free biodegradation of ox-SWCNTs was also observed ex vivo in murine bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in the presence of H₂O₂ + NaSCN. Our study provides evidence for biodegradation of ox-SWCNTs with a lung surfactant ‘bio-corona’ and expands the repertoire of mammalian peroxidases capable of biodegradation of ox-SWCNTs. These findings are relevant to inhalation exposure to these materials, as LPO serves as an important component of the airway defense system.     

基于独立组分分析和BP神经网络的可见/ 近红外光谱稻谷年份的鉴别

建立了一种基于独立组分分析的可见/近红外光谱反射技术快速鉴别稻谷年份的新方法.首先用独立组分分析方法获取不同年份稻谷的可见/近红外光谱载荷图,将载荷图中相关性最大的波段(特征波段)作为人工神经网络的输入建立稻谷年份的鉴别模型.每个年份40个样本,3个年份共120个样本用来建立BP神经网络模型,剩余的3个年份各20个样本用于预测.预测的结果表明,准确率达到100%.同时通过独立组分分析,得到了稻谷主要成分对应的敏感波段.说明本文提出的基于独立组分分析的方法具有很好的鉴别效果,为稻谷的年份鉴别提供了一种新方法.     

The interaction of sesamol with DNA and cytotoxicity,apoptosis, and localization in HepG2 cells

Sesamol, a nutritional antioxidant phenolic compound present in sesame seed, has a potential therapeutic molecule effect against cancers. In this study, the interaction between sesamol and DNA was investigated by employing ultraviolet/visible (UV/Vis), fluorescence, circular dichroism (CD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and molecular modeling. The fluorescence analysis indicated that the fluorescence quenching mechanism of sesamol by calf thymus DNA (ctDNA) occurred through static quenching. The UV/Vis, CD, FT-IR spectra and molecular docking results implied that the primary binding mode was minor groove binding. Furthermore, the intracellular interaction of sesamol with DNA and its bioactivity effect were explored. The cell activity results demonstrated that sesamol induced hepatic cell line (HepG2) death. The acridine orange (AO)/ethidium bromide (EB) staining assay and DNA fragmentation confirmed that sesamol could efficiently induce the apoptosis of HepG2 cells. Moreover, addition of sesamol to HepG2 cells resulted in nuclear localization, as visualized by confocal microscopy.