真空制盐蒸发结晶器的设计与实践

真空蒸发制盐外热式强制逆循环轴向出料蒸发结晶器，经多个厂家生产应用实践证明是成功的，具有生命力的。这种新型结构，作为一项新技术新设备应加强研究，总结提高，推广应用。不断完善。文章从流体力学、结晶机理角度要求，到具体工程设计参数和材质选用。论述了该罐的特点。     

A study on crystallization kinetics of pentaerythritol in a batch cooling crystallizer

The crystallization kinetics of pentaerythritol (PeE) in aqueous solution in the presence of impurity or not in a batch cooling crystallizer was explored. Also, the solubility and the nucleation and crystal growth kinetics of PeE in aqueous solution were investigated. A second-order dependence of PeE growth rate on supersaturation is observed in pure PeE-water system. The crystal growth rate of PeE-water system in the presence of impurity is proportional to the supersaturation to the 3.5 power. The nucleation and crystal growth behaviors for PeE-water system in a batch cooling crystallizer were grasped according to Mersmann's criteria. The nucleation in this crystallizer was found to act with heterogeneous nucleation. In this system, it suggests that the crystal growth is controlled by a complex mechanism behavior of surface integrated and diffusion limited. Simplified relation was derived for calculation of mean crystal size of product crystals from the batch cooling crystallizer. The obtained relation was verified by a set of experiments.     

TRANSIENT ANALYSIS OF CRYSTALLIZATION: EFFECT OF THE SIZE DEPENDENT GROWTH RATE

The dynamics of the crystal size distribution in a continuous mixed suspension, mixed product removal crystallizer is modeled stochastically. The model is fairly general in that it involves a size-dependent growth rate function: this size-dependent growth rate as a possible cause of deviation on the behavior of the crystallizer from that of an idealized or simplified counterpart has been investigated based upon the model.     

Zero-<Emphasis Type="Italic">trans</Emphasis> shortening using palm stearin and rice bran oil

Several pilot-scale trials reported in this paper, using palm stearin-rice bran oil (PS-RBO) blends, obviously did not contain trans FA (TFA), whereas the commercial products were found to contain 18–27% TFA. The effects of processing conditions such as rate of agitation, crystallization temperature, and composition of the blends on the crystal structure of shortenings were studied. The products were evaluated for their physicochemical characteristics using DSC, X-ray diffraction (XRD), HPLC, and FTIR techniques. The formulation containing 50% PS and 50% RBO showed melting and cooling characteristics similar to those of hydrogenated commercial “vanaspati” samples. Analysis of the FA composition revealed that the formulated shortenings contained 15–19% C_18∶2 PUFA. Tocopherol and tocotrienol contents of the experimental shortenings were in the range of 850–1000 ppm with oryzanol content up to 0.6%. XRD studies demonstrated that the crystal form in the shortenings was predominantly the most stable β′ form, and there was less of the undesirable β form.     

同时发生初次和二次成核且为聚结控制的沉淀过程多定态及稳定性分析

The possibility of multiplicity in an isothermal continuous mixed suspension-mixed product removal crystallizer is explored using the bifurcation theory.A process involving agglomeration controlled precipitation is considered in which secondary nucleation occurs simultaneously with primary nucleation.The determinant equations for the existence of multiple steady states are developed and the multiplicity boundaries dependent on the physical and kinetic properties and operational parameters of the process are obtained by resolving these determinant equations.The number of steady states in the precipitator for various multiplicity regions is determined and the linear stability of these steady states is analyzed by using the Routh criterion.     

45#钢板坯生产工艺开发

为满足市场需求,自2004年下半年开始济钢第一炼钢厂4#板坯连铸机开发生产断面200mm×1400mm的45#钢钢坯,热送中板厂和中厚板厂轧制厚规格钢板。因45#钢碳含量高、钢水流动好、液相线温度低,分别在转炉、连铸机采用低拉增碳法和小锥度结晶器配合二次冷却弱冷配水工艺,实现了一个结晶器连续浇注45#钢5000t无漏钢的目标。     

CSP连铸结晶器的技术特点

介绍了CSP连铸结晶器的形状、设计特点和工艺特性,分析了CSP连铸结晶器的优点与不足。     

三聚氰胺装置分布管堵塞原因探讨

通过对OAT第一结晶器分布管堵塞原因分析,提出解决分布管堵塞的措施。     

提高水平连铸结晶器使用寿命的实践

从水平连铸工艺、冷却水水质、锥度、铜套性能及装配质量等方面分析了水平连铸结晶器使用寿命的影响因素,提出了提高水平连铸结晶器使用寿命的有效措施.     

连续结晶器积垢的化学清洗

通过对连续结晶器积垢成因的分析,提出了用纯碱和氯化钠溶液清洗的新方法．