云计算安全需求分析研究

云计算是当下发展迅速的信息技术之一。由于其外包式的服务方式,云计算中的安全问题受到人们格外关注。只有妥善地保障云计算的安全,才不会掣肘云计算的发展和推广。鉴于云计算的复杂性和多面性,文章着眼云计算有别于传统技术的新特点、新趋势,首先提出了考量云计算安全需求的多维视角,随后围绕云计算具体实施过程中的若干关键技术,对云计算中的安全需求进行了细致全面的分析和阐释。     

Transparency in complex dynamic food supply chains

Food supply chains are increasingly complex and dynamic due to (i) increasing product proliferation to serve ever diversifying and globalising markets as a form of mass customisation with resulting global flows of raw materials, ingredients and products, and (ii) the need to satisfy changing and variable consumer and governmental demands with respect to food safety, animal welfare, and environmental impact. Transparency in the food supply chain is essential to guarantee food quality and provenance to all users of food and food products. Intensified information exchange and integrated information systems involving all chain actors are needed to achieve transparency with respect to a multitude of food properties.In this paper, specific challenges of food supply chains are highlighted. Major elements are addressed that support transparency to consumers, the government and food companies, which are considered the claimants of transparency. Elements considered to be enablers of transparency are governance mechanisms, quality and safety standards and information exchange. The paper specifies these transparency claimants and enablers for food supply chains and identifies major information system functions and information technology applications needed to comply with transparency demands. It thereby provides a framework for transparency analysis in food supply chains.     

氯乙酰氯的市场前景

介绍了氯乙酰氯的生产概况，叙述了氯乙酰氯在医药、农药等领域的应用情况以及氯乙酰氯的市场前景。     

顾客需求在QFD中地位的顾客满意度建模方法

为了客观的识别顾客需求,有效的获取顾客满意度,以质量功能展开(Quality Function Deployment,QFD)中顾客需求为研究对象,运用了层次分析法(Analytic Hierarchy Process,AHP)与QFD结合的方法,建立了AHP-CS模型,对顾客需求进行了定量识别,获得了顾客满意度.并以航天某公司为实例,对其顾客满意度测算公式做了修正,进而能够提高对QFD的后续工作的质量.     

面向嵌入式系统绿色需求的数据分配方法

能耗和资源等绿色需求是嵌入式系统发展不容忽视的因素.数据分配作为编译后端的重要优化手段,对能耗以及资源的利用率有着重要影响.为提高资源和能源的有效利用率,构建了数据分配过程的绿色评估模型,并以此为指导,提出了一种迭代式多目标分配优化方法,从能源消耗和资源的均衡使用度2个方面出发,利用可交换类指令重排优化和寄存器重分配优化,对总线和存储系统的绿色指标进行改进.模拟实验表明,该方法相对于GCC编译器,能够获得23％左右的绿色指标提升值,为满足更高的绿色需求提供了保障.     

感性消费需求下的设计艺术

科技进步带来丰盛的商品,我们的生活方式、消费需求发生极大转变,社会进入感性消费时代,本文论述了消费心理变化的主观和客观因素,探索感性消费需求心理变化趋势,呼吁企业和设计师关注消费需求的变化,探索感性消费需求下的个性化设计艺术。     

数字图书馆用户教育培训工作探讨

本文针对数字图书馆所具有的特点,对用户信息需求和用户教育呈现出的新特点进行了总结,并在此基础上对数字图书馆用户教育的原则、方法和途径进行了探讨。     

Ergonomic evaluation of hospital bed design features during patient handling tasks

Patient handling tasks (e.g., transportation and repositioning) are important causes of musculoskeletal disorders among healthcare workers. The purpose of this study was to evaluate, during two patient handling tasks, the physical demands resulting from alternative hospital bed design features. Twenty-four novice participants were involved in two laboratory-based studies. The effects of a steering lock and adjustable push height were evaluated during a patient transportation task using perceptual responses and measures of performance and physical demands, and the effect of a bed contour feature was determined based on patient sliding distance during repeated bed raising/lowering. Use of the steering lock reduced the number of adjustments during bed maneuvering by 28% and decreased ratings of physical demands. Use of the adjustable push height reduced shoulder moments by 30%. With the contour feature, patient sliding distance was reduced by ∼40% over 12 raise/lower cycles. These results suggest that the steering lock and adjustable push height features can reduce physical demands placed on healthcare workers during patient transportation tasks. Although patient sliding distance was reduced using the contour feature, assessing direct effects of this feature on physical demands (e.g., reduced need for workers to reposition patients) will require further investigation.

Relevance to industry

Hospital bed design features have the potential to reduce physical demands required of healthcare workers, yet there have been only limited empirical studies of these. Findings of the two current studies suggest that proactive ergonomic considerations in hospital bed design can reduce these physical demands.     

Evaluation of the effect of a paver’s trolley on productivity, task demands, workload and local discomfort

The objective of this study was to determine the differences in the number of paving stones laid (productivity), task demands, energetic workload, body region discomfort and preference when laying paving stones with or without use of a paver’s trolley (n = 8) in a within-subject controlled study of pavers. The number of paving stones laid and the task demands were measured by means of systematic observations at the workplace. The energetic workload was determined using the percentage of heart rate reserve (%HRR). Body region discomfort was measured using visual analog scales, and the workers’ preference was ascertained via interview. The use of a paver’s trolley had no effect on productivity, %HRR or body region discomfort compared to working without a paver’s trolley. The duration of knee-straining activities did not differ between working with (141 min) and without (146 min) the paver’s trolley. However, six of the eight pavers indicated that, given suitable circumstances, they wanted to use the paver’s trolley.

Relevance to industry

To reduce the chance of work-related low back and knee complaints among pavers, the duration, frequency and intensity of lower back and knee-straining activities should be limited by means of technical measures such as mechanical paving. The paver’s trolley does not appear to reduce knee-straining activities and therefore does not appear useful in reducing the risk of knee complaints and disorders.