PID Control of Planar Nonlinear Uncertain Systems in the Presence of Actuator Saturation

This paper investigates PID control design for a class of planar nonlinear uncertain systems in the presence of actuator saturation. Based on the bounds on the growth rates of the nonlinear uncertain function in the system model, the system is placed in a linear differential inclusion. Each vertex system of the linear differential inclusion is a linear system subject to actuator saturation. By placing the saturated PID control into a convex hull formed by the PID controller and an auxiliary linear feedback law, we establish conditions under which an ellipsoid is contractively invariant and hence is an estimate of the domain of attraction of the equilibrium point of the closed-loop system. The equilibrium point corresponds to the desired set point for the system output. Thus, the location of the equilibrium point and the size of the domain of attraction determine, respectively, the set point that the output can achieve and the range of initial conditions from which this set point can be reached. Based on these conditions, the feasible set points can be determined and the design of the PID control law that stabilizes the nonlinear uncertain system at a feasible set point with a large domain of attraction can then be formulated and solved as a constrained optimization problem with constraints in the form of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Application of the proposed design to a magnetic suspension system illustrates the design process and the performance of the resulting PID control law.      

Domain reversal and current transport property in BiFeO3 films

The electrical properties and domain reversal in BiFeO₃ ferroelectric films were studied using sandwiched heterostructures and piezoresponse force microscopy. A robust polarization state was observed, combined with a switchable domain pattern and a remanent polarization of approximately 100 μC cm^?2. In addition, domain reversal was explored using scanning probe microscopy. The results show that dipoles could be reversed along the direction of the electric field under a negative tip bias, leading to carrier gathering near the domain walls. The enhanced conductivity near the domain walls was owing to the discontinuous polarization boundary conditions. In addition, typical diode-like current transport properties are sensitive to various temperature conditions, which is attributed to the Schottky barriers at the contact interface. These findings extend the current understanding of domain texture reversal in ferroelectric films and shed light on their potential applications for future ferroelectric random-access memory operations over a wide temperature range.     

基于词法特征的恶意域名快速检测算法

针对互联网中恶意域名攻击事件频发，现有域名检测方法实时性不强的问题，提出一种基于词法特征的恶意域名快速检测算法。该算法根据恶意域名的特点，首先将所有待测域名按照长度进行正则化处理后赋予权值；然后利用聚类算法将待测域名划分成多个小组，并利用改进的堆排序算法按照组内权值总和计算各域名小组优先级，根据优先级降序依次计算各域名小组中每一域名与黑名单上域名之间的编辑距离；最后依据编辑距离值快速判定恶意域名。算法运行结果表明，基于词法特征的恶意域名快速检测算法与单一使用域名语义和单一使用域名词法的恶意域名检测算法相比，准确率分别提高1.7%与2.5%，检测速率分别提高13.9%与6.8%，具有更高的准确率和实时性。     

A novel quasi-oppositional harmony search algorithm and fuzzy logic controller for frequency stabilization of an isolated hybrid power system

The intermittent wind power in isolated hybrid distributed generation (IHDG) may cause serious problems associated with frequency (f) and power (P) fluctuation. Energy storage devices such as battery, super capacitor, and superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) may be used to reduce these fluctuations associated with f and P. This paper presents a study of IHDG power system for improving both f and P deviation profiles with the help of SMES. The studied IHDG power system is consisted of wind turbine generator and diesel engine generator. Both f and P control problems of the studied power system model are addressed in presence or absence of SMES. Fuzzy logic based proportional–integral–derivative (PID) controller with SMES is used for the purpose of minimization of f and P deviations. The different tunable parameters of the PID controller and those of the SMES are tuned by a novel quasi-oppositional harmony search algorithm. Performance study of the IHDG power system model is carried out under different perturbation conditions. The results demonstrate minimum f and P deviations may be achieved by using the proposed fuzzy logic based PID controller along with SMES.     

基于时频域的卷积神经网络运动想象脑电信号识别方法

针对目前运动想象脑电（EEG）信号识别率较低的问题，考虑到脑电信号蕴含着丰富的时频信息，提出一种基于时频域的卷积神经网络（CNN）运动想象脑电信号识别方法。首先，利用短时傅里叶变换（STFT）对脑电信号的相关频带进行预处理，并将多个电极的时频图组合构造出一种二维时频图；然后，针对二维时频图的时频特性，通过一维卷积的方法设计了一种新颖的CNN结构；最后，通过支持向量机（SVM）对CNN提取的特征进行分类。基于BCI数据集的实验结果表明，所提方法的平均识别率为86.5%，优于其他传统运动想象脑电信号识别方法；同时将该方法应用在智能轮椅上，验证了其有效性。     

Real‐time monitoring by proton relaxometry of radical polymerization reactions of acrylamide in aqueous solution

The potential of time‐domain nuclear magnetic resonance (TD‐NMR) for the real‐time monitoring of solution radical polymerizations is demonstrated. A model system composed of a redox‐pair initiator system, acrylamide as monomer and water as solvent was investigated. A second‐generation continuous wave free precession technique was employed to measure the longitudinal relaxation time constant (T₁) of the samples throughout the polymerization reactions. This parameter was shown to be sensitive to the reactant feed free‐radical enhancement of the water molecule relaxation time, making it a good probe to monitor monomer conversion in real time in an automated, non‐destructive fashion. It was found that the T₁ value was better than the transverse relaxation time constant (T₂) for describing the evolution of the polymerization reactions, due to its greater sensitivity to paramagnetic effects. The TD‐NMR signal variation observed was linked to the formation, propagation and termination steps of the radical polymerization kinetics scheme. These first results may contribute to the application of real‐time monitoring of radical polymerization reactions employing low‐cost and robust TD‐NMR spectrometers. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry     

Impact sensitivities of energetic materials: Exploring the limitations of a model based only on structural formulas

Using a comprehensive set of drop weight impact test data (h₅₀) newly compiled from literature for 308 materials, a recent approach to predict impact sensitivities of nitro compounds is generalized to most explosive substances of interest. Compared to previous ones, this procedure is more thoroughly validated and exhibits a good predictive value. Furthermore, it yields new insight into the physical mechanisms involved, explaining for instance the unexpected desensitization of some oxygen-deficient triazoles upon nitration.     

Research on Chromium Retrieval of Black Soil with Hyperspectral Imagery in Northeast of China#br#

According to the definition of spectral integral，a new spectral characteristic parameter，with the name Reversed Spectral Absorption Integral(RSAI)，is proposed and used to retrieve the chromium content based on the Partial Least Squares Regression(PLSR) model.The contrastive study with other traditional spectral characteristic parameters，including differential transformation，inverse transformation，absorption area，etc.indicates that(1) the first derivation of square root transformed model can predict the chromium content quantitatively in terms of spectral transformations.(2) the stability of the absorption area model is slightly poor，and the chromium content of samples can only be estimated roughly.(3) However，as to the inversed spectral absorption integral model，the adjustment determination coefficient(Ad-R²) of the modeling and verification is 0.73 and 0.77，while the Root Mean Squared Error(RMSE) is 2.63 mg/kg and 2.36 mg/kg respectively with Relative Percent Deviation(RPD) being 3.21，which shows that the RSAI model has excellent prediction ability.So，the inversed spectral absorption integral new model can improve the accuracy and stability used to retrieve the chromium content，which provides a new idea for monitoring the chromium contamination in soil.     

An overlapping domain decomposition dual reciprocity method

We present a domain decomposition boundary integral equation method for two-dimensional partial differential equations. The overlapping Schwarz method is employed to improve the dual reciprocity boundary element method. The resulting algorithm turns out to be more accurate than a non-overlapping approach previously proposed. Some numerical results showing the improved accuracy and efficiency of the methods are given.     

基于积分原理的低功耗超声波流量检测方法

文章通过对时差式超声波流量检测方法的分析，提出了基于过零检测技术及积分法的信号处理方法，避免了繁琐的信号处理，降低了整机功耗。结合工作时序的设计，提出了实现低功耗超声波液体流量检测的措施。