Adaptive training interfaces for less-experienced,elderly users of electronic devices

A great number of complex electronic devices are now part of our everyday lives. While many of us learn to handle these products by trial and error; others, especially older users with little experience in using electronic devices, need support. In order to allow the user maximum flexibility in terms of learning time and location, a training programme is presented which is implemented as part of the software embedded in the product itself. Particular focus is placed on the effect of adaptive training on learning. In this study, the training versions differed in their ability to adjust their complexity to the user's experience (adaptive user interface complexity) and their capability to support the learner by prompting them during the learning process (adaptive training advice). The results show that the adjustment of complexity had a positive effect on users’ experience: elderly users who trained with an adaptive interface were more successful in learning to use a mobile phone. Adaptive training advice, however, was found to have no significant effects on learners’ success and reduced their self-efficacy. This work offers guidelines on how to design integrated training applications for electronic devices that successfully help elderly users with little prior experience.     

基于视频和人体姿态估计的老年人摔倒监测研究

人口老龄化所带来的养老服务问题是现代社会面临的严重问题。例如在很多国家跌倒是造成老年人因伤致死的最大原因,因此如何对老年人进行自动摔倒监测就成为养老服务亟待解决的问题。目前,在室内摔倒监测领域中,基于可穿戴设备和基于环境传感器等主流摔倒监测方法面临着设备复杂、成本较高等问题。鉴于此,将人体姿态估计引入摔倒监测领域,提出了一种基于2D视频的摔倒监测算法。首先利用OpenPose数据集提取原始数据中人体关节的位置;其次利用这些具有增强特征的数据构建静态分类模型和动态分类模型;最后,在3个公共摔倒数据集上进行模型训练和摔倒监测的测试,取得了较好的效果,可以为摔倒监测相关研究提供一定的参考。     

我国城镇住宅节地措施研究简

在城镇化的发展过程当中,城市土地价值越来越高,如何通过研究住宅的发展来节约土地资源变得尤为重要.笔者通过对城镇住宅节地措施的研究,分析发展节地住宅环境,希望能对我国节约城镇土地有所帮助.     

农村留守老人社会支持网构成研究

对甘肃省某村庄的20位农村留守老人进行深度访谈,分析留守老人社会支持网的构成。研究表明,农村留守老人获得的非正式社会支持主要来自家庭内部,从邻居和其他亲属中也能获得一些社会支持;子女、配偶是农村留守老人社会支持网的核心成员,但外出子女主要提供物质支持,配偶、没有外出的儿媳在生活照料方面发挥着重要作用;子女外出务工使留守老人获得了较多的物质支持,获得的情感支持很有限;农村留守老人的朋友圈和邻居圈是重合的,邻居、朋友是留守老人交往的主要对象。     

老年人住区交往实证分析——以黄山市“阳光绿水”小区为例

老龄化问题一直是社会关注的热点。基于老年人交往需求差异化的角度,选取典型案例进行调查和研究,归纳分析了老年人群体住区交往的特征,整理出老年人对交往空间的行为偏好。研究成果对完善住区建设、提高住区品质,具有重要的理论和实践指导意义。     

老年人身体平衡能力与坐起- 行走地反力的样本熵 特性的实证研究

坐起-站立是平时生活中最常出现的动作之一。对于下肢功能不断衰弱的老年人而言,坐起-站立过程中常会发生跌倒。文章主要研究的是老年人坐起-站立过程中足底压力的动态特征与身体平衡能力的关系。本次实验在马连洼社区(北京老年人口比例最高的社区之一)进行,项目组共搜集到128例数据,其中男性51人,女性77人,年龄都不小于65岁。利用平衡能力测试对老年人群进行评分,分为正常组、低风险组、中等风险组、高风险组4组。实验时,要求所有的实验对象以最舒适的状态完成坐起-行走动作。左右足的足底压力和力矩数据被记录,并且被样本熵量化。研究结果表明,左右足的足底压力和力矩变量的样本熵的统计特性具有差异,并且在不同老年人群的足底压力和力矩之间也存在差异,尤其以下变量的样本熵在不同组别间存在显著性差异：行走过程中左足在内外侧方向的足底压力(LFx,P＝0.049)、在前后方向的足底压力(LFy,P＝0.025)、在垂直方向上的足底压力(LFz, P＝0.036),行走过程中右足在前后方向上的足底压力(RFy,P＝0.043)、在垂直方向上的足底压力(RFz,P＝0.006)、在内外侧方向上的力矩(RMx,P＝0.041)。以上结果表明,在采集和分析老年人的足底压力数据时应该分开处理。     

The use and acceptance of new media entertainment technology by elderly users: development of an expanded technology acceptance model

Research on elderly people's ICT acceptance and use often relies on the technology acceptance model (TAM) framework, but has been mostly limited to task-oriented uses. This article expands approaches in technology acceptance and use by developing a model to explain entertainment-related uses of new media technology by elderly people. On a theoretical level, we expand the TAM perspective by adding concepts that act as barriers and/or facilitators of technology acceptance, namely technophobia, self-efficacy and previous experience and expertise with technology. We develop an expanded TAM by testing the role of these concepts in two studies on entertainment media technology. In Study 1, we investigate behavioural intention to use 3D cinema among N?=?125 German elderly media users (Age 50+). In Study 2, we focus the actual use of a computer game simulation by N?=?115 German and US elderly media users (Age 50+). Findings in both studies point towards the central role of perceived usefulness, here modelled as enjoyment, as the reason for elderly people's use and acceptance of entertainment media technology. Perceived ease of use is seen as a precondition for enjoyment, particularly for interactive media.     

Massive versus lightweight construction in residential building

Masonry as the primary form of construction is currently the most economic option for the building of multi‐storey apartment blocks in Germany in order to provide affordable housing. It can however also be stated that there is definitely further rationalisation potential in masonry construction, in contrast to lightweight construction. In comparison to masonry construction, lightweight building methods show no apparent economic advantages, the ecological balance is objectively equivalent and the fire protection and sound insulation properties have to be provided technically and constructively at high cost in order to comply with the same requirements. Under consideration of a realistic and objective assessment, there is therefore no reason to promote the use of lightweight building methods, such as timber‐frame, from their current status as niche products, especially for residential building.     

基于粗糙集理论的老年人网页感性设计研究

目的为了满足老年用户的感性需求,提高其使用网页时的情感体验。方法基于感性工学原理,在感性意象调查的基础上,运用粗糙集理论,构建知识表达系统,然后通过属性约简和重要度计算得出对感性评价贡献较大的设计要素,并通过规则的提取,得出相关设计原则。结果在老年人网页设计中,影响老年用户感性意象"简洁的—繁琐的"的最大的设计要素为网页布局,其次为标题文字的大小、内文文字的大小以及超链接样式。结论老年人网页设计应该注重界面的简洁,要对网页的布局、超链接及文字的大小重点考虑。研究结论可为老年人网页界面设计提供参考依据。     

德国老年人药物管理系统设计研究

目的针对德国老年人用药问题进行分析,运用智能药物管理系统,提出解决方案。方法重点分析了德国人口老龄化产生的健康问题,阐述了老年用药方面的问题,提出了用药过程中针对患者、医生、药店有机结合的智能药物管理系统的设计原则和案例。结论人口的老龄化和老年人的健康是全球面临的问题,在"互联网+"健康的基础上,设计人性化的智能药物管理系统,可以为老年人健康生活带来更多的便利。