Effect of Negative Emotional Content on Working Memory and Long-Term Memory.

In long-term memory, negative information is better remembered than neutral information. Differences in processes important to working memory may contribute to this emotional memory enhancement. To examine the effect that the emotional content of stimuli has on working memory performance, the authors asked participants to perform working memory tasks with negative and neutral stimuli. Task accuracy was unaffected by the emotional content of the stimuli. Reaction times also did not differ for negative relative to neutral words, but on an n-back task using faces, participants were slower to respond to fearful faces than to neutral faces. These results suggest that although emotional content does not have a robust effect on working memory, in some instances emotional salience can impede working memory performance. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Interpreting the negative mood-helping literature via "mega"-analysis: A contrary view.

"Mega"-analysis was developed by M. Carlson and N. Miller (see record 1987-31249-001) as an extension of traditional meta-analytic procedures for conducting integrative reviews of existing research literatures. One such mega-analysis was conducted by Carlson and Miller to synthesize the literature on the relation between negative mood states and helping. That analysis found no support for a theoretical account (negative state relief) that had been confirmed previously by using various experimental approaches. In an attempt to reconcile the discrepancy, the logic and methods used in Carlson and Miller's mega-analysis of the negative mood-helping literature were examined, and several serious problems were found. These problems are discussed, and data are presented to show that the results of that mega-analysis, and perhaps all mega-analyses, should not be viewed with confidence. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Applying eco-visualisations of different interface formats to evoke sustainable behaviours towards household water saving

The shortage of water resources is a global issue. This study attempts to utilise eco-visualisation interface design to affect users’ water-usage behaviour. Three interface proposals were designed in this study: numeric, water droplet (abstract symbol), and swimming fish (animated image). These three different interface formats range from abstract to figurative and from neutral to affective. A total of 93 subjects were divided into three groups and randomly performed designated dishwashing tasks twice. One of the tasks was completed without the assistance of any interface, whereas the other involved applying one of the three interface formats with eco-visualisations. In this study, the Self-Assessment Manikin scales, the System Usability Scale, and the Questionnaires for User Interaction Satisfaction were used to measure the emotional dimensions and perceived usability and to record the differences in water usage volume. The results indicated that the emotional valence evoked by the animated image interface was significantly higher than that by the numeric interface. The effect of the numeric interface formats on the subjects focused on emotional arousal, whereas other interfaces emphasised emotional valence. With the aid of the eco-visualisations of interface design, the evoked emotional response and enhanced usability could help improve sustainable behaviours towards water saving.     

Mothers' Affect in the Homework Context: The Importance of Staying Positive.

This research investigated mothers' affect in the context of children's homework. Mothers (N=109) of children 8 to 12 years old were interviewed daily about their affect while interacting with children, their assistance with children's homework, and children's behavior while completing homework. At this time and 6 months later, children's motivational and emotional functioning was assessed. Although mothers' negative affect was lower than their positive affect, it was elevated on days their assistance with homework was high. This was accounted for by mothers' perceptions of children as helpless on days they provided heightened assistance. Mothers' positive affect in the homework context buffered children's motivational and emotional functioning against mothers' negative affect as well as children's helplessness. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

A Discrepancy in Analyses of the MSCEIT--Resolving the Mystery and Understanding Its Implications: A Reply to Gignac (2005).

Replies to comments made by G. E. Gignac (see record 2005-06671-010) on the current authors' original article (see record 2003-02341-015). Gignac reanalyzed the factor structure of the Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT) and found results that differed from those the authors obtained initially. The authors tracked down the surprising sources of those discrepancies. G. E. Gignac's hierarchical model of emotional intelligence appears promising, and the authors anticipate that further investigations of the MSCEIT factor structure may yield additional information. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

导控溢流阀动态数学模型的建立及动态性能分析

分析了导控型溢流阀的动态特性，建立了其运动状态的数学模型，并对微分方程进行拉氏变换，得出了动态系统的方框图。     

论政治课情感教育

情感教育是完整教育过程的一个组成部分，是政治课知、情、意、行四大教育目标中不可缺少的内容。政治课是一门以理论性、说理性、哲理性见长的学科，其教学更需要情感参与其中，达到情理交融，提高政治课实效。     

基于B-W矩阵的老龄虚拟助手情感化设计研究

目的 为探究老龄虚拟助手情感化设计,采用B-W矩阵对老龄虚拟助手开展设计研究,以提升老年人居家养老情感陪伴的幸福感。方法 首先,通过对相关老龄人群进行访谈以得到31项设计要素,经偏态分析、T检验、同质性检验等方法对得到的设计要素进行验证。通过因子分析得到5类主因子,分别为外观、交互、情感、声音、场景因子。其次,通过B-W矩阵构建以进行设计要素归类,利用TOPSIS进行进一步的权重修正,按照Kano属性的剔除规则,得到29项针对老年人群的虚拟助手设计要素及其权重排序,推理得到老龄虚拟助手的设计策略。最后,根据设计策略对虚拟助手陪伴APP开展案例实践和评估,验证了老龄虚拟助手设计策略的可行性。结论 研究结果为我国老龄虚拟助手设计提供了相关建议,可为相关虚拟助手设计领域提供参考。     

关于风险检测安全阀失效的分析系统

安全阀是保障石油化工设备正常运行的重要绀成部分,本文以目前广泛采用的AP1581标准为基础,建市安全阀的失效分析系统.该系统在计算机理和界向交互方式上改进原标准,可以根据工厂设备和安全阀管理数据,分析安伞阀的开启失效和泄漏频率,为提高石油化工牛产的安全性和可靠性提供重要的分析依据.