An experimental study of adaptive control for evolutionary algorithms

In this paper, we investigate how adaptive operator selection techniques are able to efficiently manage the balance between exploration and exploitation in an evolutionary algorithm, when solving combinatorial optimization problems. We introduce new high level reactive search strategies based on a generic algorithm's controller that is able to schedule the basic variation operators of the evolutionary algorithm, according to the observed state of the search. Our experiments on SAT instances show that reactive search strategies improve the performance of the solving algorithm.     

逻辑分析仪在教学实验中的应用

硬件教学实验必须由验证性向设计性转变，才能达到培养学生设计能力和处理问题的能力。而逻辑分析仪是数字系统设计的常用工具．对于实验和教学都起着不可忽视的作用。     

40kg试验焦炉的研制

文章介绍了40kg试验焦炉，分析和比较了试验焦炉与生产焦炉的差异，指出它们之间的模拟条件是炭化室宽度、煤料堆密度、炼焦速度和单向传热。     

The Design of Discrimination Experiments

Experimentation plays a fundamental role in scientific discovery. Scientists experiment to gather data, investigate phenomena, measure quantities, and test theories. In this article, we address the problem of designing experiments to discriminate between two completing theories. Given an initial situation for which the two theories make the same prediction, the experiment design problem is to determine how to modify the situation such that the two theories make different predictions for the modified situation. The modified situation is called a discrimination experiment. We present a knowledge-intensive method called DEED for designing discrimination experiments. The method analyzes the differences in the two theories' explanations of the prediction for the initial situation. Based on this analysis, it determines modifications to the initial situation that will result in a discrimination experiment. We illustrate the method with the design of experiments to discriminate between several pairs of qualitative theories in the fluids domain.     

基于均匀设计的边坡稳定性敏感性分析

在边坡敏感性分析中,试验方法的选择对试验次数和试验效果起决定作用。均匀设计能使试验点在试验范围内均匀分布,将此试验方法引入到边坡敏感性分析中,可以大大减少试验次数,获得较好的试验效果。以一均质土坡为例,选取容重、内摩擦角、黏聚力、坡角、地震加速度等5个因素来设计数值试验,对边坡进行了敏感性分析。结果表明,在常见的均质土坡或松散堆积体岩土质边坡中,黏聚力、坡角和内摩擦角为最敏感因素;在抗震设防烈度为7度以下的一般岩土体地区,土的重度和地震加速度为不敏感因素。该结论对边坡的综合治理、安全监测和灾害预报具有一定意义。     

Characterizing Performance Variation of Product Designs

Quality and reliability design practitioners have utilized Taguchi's methodology of matrix experimentation to generate computer simulation data for characterizing performance variation of product designs. However, the sampling strategy employed renders computer implementation of matrix experimentation cumbersome and statistically invalid. Weaknesses of this approach also include sample size limitation and overestimation of performance variation. An alternative approach that combines Monte Carlo simulation with the strategies of independent sampling across runs and correlated sampling between runs is presented. An application case study shows that the proposed approach constitutes an improvement on the matrix approach with respect to statistical validity and estimation accuracy.     

High-Throughput Experimentation in Oxidation Catalysis

High-throughput experimentation in catalysis comprises the following components: (i) automated high-throughput synthesis, (ii) testing in Stage I and Stage II, for which to some extent novel assays are necessary, (iii) data handling and experimental design tools, and (iv) robotics. This contribution covers these topics, using examples from the research of the authors, but also from the literature, in order to illustrate the problems and opportunities associated with high-throughput experimentation in catalysis, focusing particularly on heterogeneous catalysis.     

招远玲珑金矿废石模拟淋滤试验分析

为了分析降雨淋滤对水质化学组分的影响状况、研究玲珑金矿区废石经降水淋滤对环境带来的影响,进行了金矿废石模拟淋滤试验.通过对比分析淋滤前后水的化学成分发现,淋滤效果与降雨量大小和降雨强度有关,降雨量越大淋滤效果越明显,在同一降雨量条件下,降雨强度越小,则淋滤效果越明显;淋滤后绝大部分组分(离子)浓度呈现不同程度的增大趋势,淋滤液中Pb、Mn2+、NO2-、F-、Ca2+、NO3-、耗氧量淋失较多.结合淋滤试验结果和当地水质环境综合分析,废石经降雨淋滤使水中NO2-、Pb含量升高是造成该区水环境污染的主要因素之一.最后结合玲珑金矿区金矿废石的实际情况,提出了防治措施.     

The replacement of animal testing: ethical issues and practical realities

Increasing expectation that products and materials of many kinds should be 'safe' is leading to demands for more toxicity testing. At the same time, there is mounting pressure to reduce, refine and replace laboratory animal experimentation. The testing of cosmetics is particularly controversial. The only way out of this dilemma is the development, validation, acceptance and use of non-animal test procedures, i.e. replacement alternative methods. Given realism and determination, more funding, better science and good strategic planning, the future for replacement alternatives, and thus for human and animal welfare, could be a very bright one.     

硼砂型膏剂渗硼剂的研制

使用硼砂作为渗硼膏剂的供硼剂，对7种活化剂的活化效果进行了研究，发现活化剂的类型和自身熔点的高低对活化效果有影响，氟化物活化效果好于氯化物，熔点高的活化剂活化效果较好，几种活化剂配合使用渗速明显高于单独使用一种活化剂的渗速，利用正交试验法，确定了CaF2,MgCl2和Na3AlF6三种活化剂的最佳配比，所研制的MSG膏剂渗速快，渗层质量好，对碳钢和低合金钢均有良好的渗硼能力。