正交双频光栅CCD系统剪切干涉测量二维温度场

以半导体激光器为光源，利用正交双频光栅（ＯＤＦＧ）ＣＣＤ系统剪切干涉对带平板边界的半圆柱体热源的二维温度场进行实时诊断，分析剪切干涉图时，用柱函数系作为拟合基底，给出二维自然对流温度场的定量分布。     

脉冲啁啾对干涉相关测宽的影响及其消除方法

本文深入讨论了脉冲啁啾的非线性起源及其对干涉相关测宽(等值宽度和条纹计数)法的影响。提出根据干涉相关曲线下包络最大值位置适当降低等值宽度位置和用计算机平均处理干涉相关信息的技术以消除啁啾的影响。     

非接触型光外差轮廓仪

本文介绍一种纳米级非接触型高精度光外差轮廓仪,它是基于普通光路的光外差干涉仪。工件表面被两束有微小频差的激光束所照射,其中一束经聚焦后用作测量光探针来扫描工件表面,另一束则用作参考光束。两束光经表面反射后产生干涉。测量信号和参考信号的相位差与表面的微不平值成正比。仪器的横向分辨率为2μm,高度分辨率为1 nm,它不需要对试样作大范围的调整,且可用试样自身作参考面。信号经光电转换后由微型计算机进行处理,它能快速完成测量、计算、显示及打印出各种参数和曲线。     

基于数字化二次曝光干涉的光学元件波前畸变测量

将傅立叶变换条纹分析方法与二次曝光全息干涉计量相结合，提出了数字化二次曝光干涉术，用于测量光学元件引入的波前畸变。文中给出了理论分析，模拟与光学实验结果证实提出的方法具有高精度、快速的波前测量特点，可应用于激光系统中光学元件的波前畸变在线检测。     

Optical analysis of crack tip stress fields: a comparative study

Four optical techniques for evaluating stress intensity factors in opaque specimens are described in outline, and compared for both an artificial crack and a fatigue crack. The results are compared to a standard solution for the geometry considered. All the techniques gave acceptable results over a range of stress levels and crack lengths. The methods of caustics and strain gauges were less good, whilst photoelasticity gave consistent results over a wide range of stress levels. Comments on the ease of application and the resource implications are also made in order to assist practitioners.     

Surface movements in Bologna (Po Plain — Italy) detected by multitemporal DInSAR

We studied the surface deformations affecting the southeastern sector of the Po Plain sedimentary basin, in particular the area of Bologna. To this aim an advanced DInSAR technique, referred to as DInSAR-SBAS (Small BAseline Subset), has been applied. This technique allows monitoring the temporal evolution of a deformation phenomenon, via the generation of mean deformation velocity maps and displacement time series from a data set of acquired SAR images. In particular, we have processed a set of SAR data acquired by the European Remote Sensing Satellite (ERS) sensors and compared the achieved results with optical levelling measurements, assumed as reference. The surface displacements detected by DInSAR SBAS from 1992 to 2000 are between 10 mm/year in the historical part of Bologna town, and up to 59 mm/year in the NE industrial and agricultural areas. Former measurements from optical levelling referred to 1897 show 2-3 mm/year vertical movements. This trend of displacement increased in the second half of the 20th century and the subsidence rate reached 60 mm/year. We compared the more recent levelling campaigns (in 1992 and late 1999) and DInSAR results from 1992 to 1999. The standard deviation of the difference between levelling data, projected onto the satellite Line Of Sight, and DInSAR results is 2 mm/year. This highlights a good agreement between the measurements provided by two different techniques. The explanation of soil movements based on interferometric results, ground data and geological observations, allowed confirming the anthropogenic cause (surface effect due to the overexploitation of the aquifers) and highlights a natural, tectonic, subsidence.     

激光散斑干涉法测定干涉螺接孔边应力分布

本文提出一种测量孔边干涉螺接应力分布的新实验方法,用激光散斑干涉技术测量出由干涉螺接应力形成的孔周位移场分布,进而确定孔这应力分布,在保证测量精度同时,该方法体现出了简单,实用,有效等优点。     

Thermal expansion of molybdenum in the range 1500–2800 K by a transient interferometric technique

The linear thermal expansion of molybdenum has been measured in the temperature range 1500–2800 K by means of a transient (subsecond) interferometric technique. The molybdenum selected for these measurements was the Standard Reference Material SRM 781 (a high-temperature enthalpy and heat capacity standard). The results are expressed by the relation where T is in K and l ₀ is the specimen length at 20°C. The maximum error in the reported values of thermal expansion is estimated to be about 1% at 2000 K and not more than 2% at 2800 K.Paper presented at the Ninth Symposium on Thermophysical Properties, June 24–27, 1985, Boulder, Colorado, U.S.A.     

气液并流吸收过程中液相近界面浓度分布的全息干涉测量

1 INTRODUCTION Mass transfer across free interface of gas-liquid flow is of extensive importance and is encountered in most industrial applications. A close investigation of concentration distribution near the interface is helpful to understand mass transfer phenomena, to guide the development of transport theories, and to optimize the design of gas-liquid contact equipment. Laser holographic interference technique provides a precise and noncontact measurement method for measuring the tran…     

电子剪切散斑技术在木材无损检测中的应用

复合板材及木制品等表面或内部的缺陷对材料性能有很大影响,如何快速准确地对其进行无损检测,并判断缺陷的位置大小是很有意义的.针对松木板试件,通过预置表面和内部隐藏缺陷来近似模拟实际缺陷情况,提出一种基于剪切散斑干涉技术的木材无损检测技术新方法,实现了对松木试件的无损检测.在表面缺陷的检测中讨论了剪切量对结果的影响,利用像素标定的方法,得到直径为6、5、3mm的缺陷信息;在内部隐藏缺陷检测中,借助热加载技术同时引入相移技术使剪切散斑检测技术不仅具有非接触、全场实时检测等特点,而且完成对内部隐藏近表面缺陷的定量无损检测.整个检测过程光路简单,实时快速,实验结果与实际情况符合较好.