渤海绥中油田J3井疏水缔合聚合物驱数值模拟研究

为了进一步提高渤海油田J3井区缔合聚合物驱的技术经济效果,在渤海油田室内配方和先导性矿场试验研究基础上,利用化学驱油藏数值模拟软件FAPMS,分析和研究了高浓度缔合聚合物前置段塞、主段塞的大小和浓度以及段塞组合方式对驱油效果的影响,优化设计了渤海绥中油田J3井区块矿场试验的最佳注入程序及段塞大小。结果表明,通过对不同浓度的疏水缔合聚合物注入的前置段塞及主段塞和梯度式后续段塞的优化后,原油采收率比未优化时提高了约10个百分点。研究表明,渤海油田应该高度重视聚合物驱的注入方式和段塞优化设计,进一步提高聚合物的技术经济效果。     

阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺絮凝剂的开发与应用

阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺具有许多优点，极具开发研究价值，是重要的高分子絮凝剂。介绍了阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺絮凝剂的制备方法，应用及其絮凝作用机理，并分析了其发展方向。     

疏水缔合型聚丙烯酰胺的合成与性能评价

为了提高高相对分子质量的聚丙烯酰胺的抗温抗盐性能,利用自制的两亲表面活性单体与丙烯酰胺共聚合成了疏水缔合型聚丙烯酰胺并进行室内评价。结果表明,在高温、高盐、高钙条件下,合成的疏水缔合型聚丙烯酰胺具有良好的增粘性和较强的热稳定性;克服了疏水缔合型聚合物在盐水中溶解性差的问题,可用各种矿化度的盐水和油田产出污水配制;具有良好的无机盐增粘性能和抗温性能。     

吸水膨胀型膨润土/交联聚丙烯酰胺颗粒堵剂

使丙烯酰胺、少量N，N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺在钙膨润土存在下进行水溶液引发接枝共聚合，聚合产物经造粒、粉碎、筛分，得到粒径0．5～1．0mm的颗粒堵剂。根据颗粒堵剂吸水量大小确定丙烯酰胺与膨润土最佳质量比为7：1，引发剂最佳用量为500g／t，交联剂最佳用量为300g／t，吸水量与这3个参数之间的关系曲线都经过最大值，颗粒堵剂在去离子水中的吸水量为560～650mL/g。该堵剂已大规模生产，在胜利、中原油田许多采油厂已用于调剖、堵水和调驱施工，在青海、江苏、大港、冀东等油田也已开始使用。在胜利东辛采油厂的一个井组，连续3个月在3口井注入该堵剂共27t，使井口压力上升3MPa，产油量大幅度增加。表l参l。     

改性聚丙烯酰胺水溶液的疏水缔合性质

合成了一种疏水缔合水溶性聚丙烯酰胺共聚物，使用荧光光谱法并结合紫外及流变性实验，对制备的疏水缔合水溶性聚丙烯酰胺共聚物在水溶液中形成疏水微区、超分子聚集体及空间网络结构进行了研究，并用扫描电子显微镜证实了溶液中网络结构的存在．     

疏水缔合聚丙烯酰胺溶液性质研究

用粘度法和核孔膜过滤法研究了实验室自制相对分子质量约1000万的疏水缔合聚丙烯酰胺(HAP)溶液的缔合效应,用粘度计考察了电解质浓度、温度和剪切速率对HAP溶液表观粘度的影响,并与相同测试条件下相对分子质量为1770万的部分水解聚丙烯酰胺3530进行对比。结果表明:HAP溶液在70℃的高温和矿化度为5727的高盐条件下,在1000mg/kg附近存在一临界缔合浓度,在临界缔合浓度以上,HAP溶液粘度迅速增加;而3530不存在临界缔合浓度,粘度增加缓慢。浓度为1250mg/kg的HAP溶液通过核孔膜20mL的过滤时间是347.3min,而相同浓度下3530的过滤时间仅为2.1min。浓度为1000mg/kg的HAP溶液即使在矿化度为30000、70℃的高温、30r/min转速的条件下,粘度仍达到32.8mPa·s,而聚合物3530的粘度仅有4.11mPa·s;当剪切速率增加到140r/min、温度为70℃,用矿化度为5727的模拟采出水配制的HAP溶液的粘度为9.21mPa·s,而3530溶液的粘度仅5.18mPa·s。HAP具有良好的耐温抗盐抗剪切能力。     

阳离子表面活性剂对HPAM溶液表观粘度的影响

研究了不同的阳离子表面活性剂对部分水解聚丙烯酰胺(HPAM)溶液中的表观粘度的影响。     

Effect of charge density,molecular weight,and hydrophobicity on polycations adsorption and flocculation of polystyrene latices and silica

Adsorption and flocculation behavior of two series of synthetic polycations was investigated in dispersions of silica and polystyrene latices with various particle size and surface charge densities. Polycations of the first series (polydiallyldimethyl ammonium chloride‐PDADMAC) varied in molecular weight only, while polycations of the second series (derivatives of polymethacrylic acid) varied in both molecular weight and hydrophobicity. We have found that maximum adsorbed amount of high molecular weight PDADMAC on latex particles was nearly independent of the surface charge density when the particle size was comparable to the polymer coil dimensions in solution. Both low and high molecular weight PDADMACs were efficient flocculants, although significantly lower amounts of high molecular weight polyelectrolyte were required for the phase separation in the dispersions due to particles aggregation through “charge patch” mechanism. The increase of polymer hydrophobicity leads to higher adsorbed amounts and broadening of flocculation window by polycations of the second series on both substrates. However, no strong enhancement of segment–surface interactions on hydrophobic substrates was observed. Since formation of multilayers upon adsorption was also excluded, the difference in adsorption and flocculation behavior was related to the more compact conformation of hydrophobically associating derivatives in solution and at the interface. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 3422–3429, 2006     

Encapsulation and controlled release in polyacrylamide hydrogels

A novel host–guest system was developed by the encapsulation of simple organic guest molecules in the hydrophilic molecular architecture of crosslinked polyacrylamide hydrogels. The crosslinking agents used for the preparation of the host systems were hexanediol dimethacrylate (HDDMA) and divinyl benzene (DVB). This enabled us to construct hydrogels with different hydrophobic–hydrophilic equilibria. The model guest system used for the studies was benzoic acid. The selections gave simple but excellent host–guest systems with fine polar–apolar balancing. Polyacrylamide hydrogels with encapsulated benzoic acid were prepared with varying crosslink densities (5, 10, 15, and 20 mol %) by the solution polymerization technique. The rate of release of the host from the host–guest assembly was studied in different swelling conditions. The rate of release depended on the interaction forces between the polymer and the solvents. Polar forces, dispersion forces, and hydrogen bonding all played a vital role. The swelling behavior of the host‐polymer system and the host–guest assembly was analyzed and compared by the Flory–Rehner method. The amount of benzoic acid encapsulated in the DVB‐crosslinked polymer was higher than in the HDDMA‐crosslinked polymer, and the rate of release was in the order 5 > 15 > 10 > 20% for the DVB‐crosslinked polymer. The rate of release for the HDDMA‐crosslinked host–guest assembly was in the order 10 > 5 > 15 > 20%. These results were in excellent agreement with those of the Flory–Rehner analysis of the swelling properties. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 93: 1816–1824, 2004     

高分子型阳离子抗静电剂性质的研究

设计合成了聚丙烯酰胺季铵盐类的抗静电剂。当高聚物的溶液浓度为1．44％，涤纶织物在25℃、RH66％的半衰期为0秒．静电压为0KV，15次水洗后半衰期为1．7秒，静电压为0．35KV。研究结果表明：这种阳离子型高聚物具有优良的抗静电性和耐水洗性。