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1.
不饱和烃硅氢加成催化剂固载化研究进展 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
综述了各类负载过渡金属的催化剂体系及其在不饱和烃硅氢加成反应中的应用。负载过渡金属的催化剂具有良好的可回收性和选择性,研究主要集中在开发价廉、使用安全、环境友好和高催化性能的活性炭、氧化物或有机聚合物等负载过渡金属催化剂,并取得很好的结果。 相似文献
2.
Methylmethacrylate (MMA) and octadecyl acrylate (OA) were grafted to poly(methylhydrosiloxane) (PMHS) by hydrosilylation, respectively, with hexachloroplatinic acid as catalyst, and the former was further hydrolyzed to prepare methacrylic acid (MAA)‐graft‐PMHS under the alkaline condition. Through orthogonal experiment, main factors affecting the graft reaction between OA and PMHS were discussed and arranged in a decreasing order according to their abilities of the effect on the hydrosilylation of OA with PMHS: catalyst dosage, reaction temperature, reaction time, material ratio, and solvent dosage. It was found that the hydrosilylation of OA with PMHS was easier to that of MMA with PMHS. Under optimal conditions, the grafting ratios of MMA with PMHS and OA with PMHS reached about 90 and 95%, respectively. FTIR and 1H NMR spectra indicated that the hydrosilylation reactions followed the Markovnikov's rule and played a strong preference toward β‐1,2‐addition. The test of contact angle indicated that surface energy of a system was mainly dependent on the polar groups. The surface energy of OA‐graft‐PMHS (35.07 mN/m) was similar to those of PMHS (35.62 mN/m) and polyoctadecyl acrylate (36.57 mN/m), and lower than that of MAA‐graft‐PMHS (43.50 mN/m). © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2008 相似文献
3.
4.
Theresa E. Gentle Alan R. Bassindale 《Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers》1995,5(3):281-294
We have recently reported the synthesis of octopus molecules of defined shape and size with molecular weights well into the thousands. These octopus molecules were made by placing eight pendant groups symmetrically about a central silsesquioxane core via the H2PtCl6 catalyzed hydrosilylation of 1-alkenes as well as vinyl- and allyl-siloxanes by T8 hydrogen silsesquioxane, (HSiO32)8. The chemistry of addition was studied and it was found that while the addition of the 1-alkenes to T8 was regioprecise with only -addition being observed, both - and -addition occurred with vinyl-siloxane. In addition, H-vinyl exchange on silicon was observed to occur with addition of vinyl-siloxane to T8. In the current studies, the effect of the hydrosilylation catalyst. homogeneous and heterogeneous, on the regioselectivity of addition and on the extent of exchange on silicon was evaluated. It was found that the heterogeneous catalysts Pt–C, sulfided Pt–C, and Rh–C required higher temperature and longer times to get complete reaction than the homogeneous catalysts. H2PtCl6 and the tetramethyldivinyldisiloxane complex of Pt. Pd supported catalysts were not effective catalysts for this hydrosilylation. The extent of exchange on silicon and the degree of the second mode of addition occurring were higher with the heterogenous catalysts and may be a result of the higher reaction temperatures. 相似文献
5.
Zhang Ming CHEN Haiyan Chen Xiaosong Dai Shaojun Inoue Shinich OKAMOTO Hiroshi 《中国稀土学报(英文版)》2004,22(Z3)
Acrylic acid rare earth complex was prepared. Its chemical composition was determined by chemical and elemental analysis, and its structure as well as properties was characterized using IR, Fluorescence and UV spectrum, and its solubility was also investigated. Meanwhile a kind of elastic functional polymer with rare earth units in the side chains was produced. It is confirmed by IR spectrum that the Si-H bonds really react with acrylic acid rare earth. 相似文献
6.
以四烯丙基(二甲基)硅烷为核的超支化聚硅碳烷的合成与表征 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以四烯丙基(二甲基)硅烷(B4)为核、甲基氢二烯丙基硅烷(AB2)为单体,通过硅氢加成反应,采用无核一步法、核一步法、核多步法合成了超支化聚有机硅碳烷。用FT-IR1、H-NMR、MALLS-GPC对该聚合物的结构进行了表征。研究了核多步法对超支化聚合物分子量及其分布的控制,结果表明,用核多步法合成超支化聚有机硅碳烷可有效地控制产物的分子量及其分布。 相似文献
7.
在一定的压力下,以甲基二氯硅烷(DCMS)和环己烯为原料、以硅氧烷铂配合物为催化剂,以苯甲醛为促进剂,进行了用氢硅烷化法合成环己基甲基二氯硅烷(CMCS)的工艺研究。考察了原料配比、反应温度、反应压力、催化剂用量、促进剂种类、反应时间等因素对CMCS收率的影响。得到合成CMCS的最佳工艺条件为:反应压力0.7-0.8MPa,n(环己烯):n(DCMS)=1.00:1.12,反应温度85-90℃,1mol环己烯用催化剂1.0mL,苯甲醛2.0mL,反应时间5-6h,CMCS收率89.6%,w(CMCS)=99.54%。用1HNMR、IR、MS对CMCS的结构进行了表征。 相似文献
8.
以介孔硅MCM-41为载体、无水乙醇为溶剂、氯化铝为促进剂,采用浸渍法制备了Pt-Al/MCM-41催化剂。利用XRD、XPS、TEM、FTIR、N2吸附-脱附、NH3-TPD对催化剂进行了表征,重点讨论了不同Pt-Al负载顺序对催化剂结构和性能的影响,并将其应用于硅氢加成反应。结果表明,Pt和Al的负载顺序不同会影响催化剂的有序度、Pt颗粒的分散程度和酸性,其中,Pt-Al/MCM-41催化剂的有序度和Pt颗粒的分散程度相对最好,酸性相对较强。在七甲基三硅氧烷与烯丙醇聚氧乙烯醚的硅氢加成反应中,不同催化剂对七甲基三硅氧烷的转化率影响顺序为Pt-Al/MCM-41 > Pt+Al/MCM-41 > Al-Pt/MCM-41 > Pt/MCM-41。 相似文献
9.
以甲基二氯硅烷和甲醇为原料,采用气-液相反应法合成出甲基二甲氧基硅烷;然后,将甲基二甲氧基硅烷与3,3,3-三氟丙烯在铂催化剂作用下进行硅氢加成反应,得到3,3,3-三氟丙基甲基二甲氧基硅烷。考察了原料配比、填料种类等因素对醇解反应的影响以及铂催化剂的种类、用量、反应温度等对加成反应的影响。结果表明,最优合成条件为:在醇解反应中,甲基二氯硅烷与甲醇的量之比为1∶1·8、醇解温度50℃、甲醇滴加速度2mL/min、N2流量80mL/min,在此条件下,甲基二甲氧基硅烷的收率为86%;在加成反应中,采用自制的铂催化剂,当铂催化剂与甲基二甲氧基硅烷的量之比为3·0×10-4∶1、反应温度为120℃时,3,3,3-三氟丙基甲基二甲氧基硅烷的收率达90%。此法可有效提高3,3,3-三氟丙基甲基二甲氧基硅烷的收率。 相似文献
10.
硅氢加成反应是合成有机硅材料最重要的途径之一,铂催化剂作为其应用最广的催化剂,具有重要的意义。本文首先介绍了硅氢加成反应机理的研究现状;分析了聚合物长链段铂配合物、含多个铂原子铂簇化合物及N-杂环卡宾铂配合物均相铂催化剂的研究进展,致力于改善均相催化剂催化选择性差、催化活性难以控制等缺点;分别阐述了不同铂催化剂载体如无机二氧化硅、炭载体、金属氧化物、有机高分子、固载液等作为铂催化剂载体的优点,负载铂催化剂具有可回收、产物选择性好的优点,有效解决了工业上铂损失的问题;最后对铂催化硅氢加成反应的发展趋势进行了展望分析,铂负载能力的提高、铂负载催化剂的分离、硅氢加成反应的原理、催化范围的扩大等均是今后研究的重要方向。 相似文献