一种制备插层和无定形高岭土的新方法

利用甲醇钠强烈的夺氢作用 ,介绍了一种制备插层和无定形高岭土的方法。利用XRD为主要检测手段研究了甲醇钠的质量分数、反应温度等因素对反应的影响。结果表明 :在反应温度较低、质量分数较低的甲醇钠溶液中 ,高岭土容易被插层而膨胀 ,反之高岭土的层状结构被破坏而无定形化。红外光谱分析进一步证明了插层和无定形高岭土结构的变化     

Flammability and thermal stability studies of ABS/Montmorillonite nanocomposite

Acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene (ABS)/montmorillonite nanocomposites have been prepared using a direct melt intercalation technique by blending ABS and organophilic clay of two different particle sizes: OMTa (5 µm) and OMTb (38 µm). Their structure and flammability properties were characterized by X‐ray diffraction, high resolution electronic microscopy (HREM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and cone calorimeter experiments. The results of HREM showed that ABS/5 wt% OMTa nanocomposite was a kind of intercalated–delaminated structure, while ABS/5 wt% OMTb nanocomposite was mainly an intercalated structure. The nanocomposites showed a lower heat release rate peak and higher thermal stability than the original ABS by TGA and cone calorimeter experiments. Also, the intercalated nanocomposite was more effective than an exfoliated–intercalated nanocomposite in fire retardancy. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry     

New nanocomposite materials based on polymerization of [oligo(oxyethylene) methacrylates] in the presence of montmorillonite clay

Intercalation of poly[oligo(oxyethylene) methacrylates] onto sodium montmorillonite (MMT) clay has been investigated. A polymer–clay hybrid has been synthesized through intercalation of the monomer followed by its solution free‐radical polymerization. Eight polymer–clay hybrids were prepared using different weight ratios of clay, different oligo(oxyethylene) lengths and different proportions of crosslinker. Evidence of the development of nanostructures is obtained from scanning electron microscopy, and wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction studies support these results which show disappearance of the peak characteristic to d₀₀₁ spacing. In this hybrid MMT is dispersed homogeneously in the polymer matrix. © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry     

Influence of organophilic clay and preparation methods on EVA/montmorillonite nanocomposites

Ethylene‐vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA)/montmorillonite MMT nanocomposites have been prepared by using different methods: one is from the organophilic montmorillonite (OMT) and the other is from the pristine MMT and reactive compatibilizer hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (C16). In this study, different kneaders were used (twin‐screw extruder and twin‐roll mill) to prepare nanocomposites. The nanocomposite structures are evidenced by the X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and high‐resolution electronic microscope (HREM). The thermal properties of the nanocomposites were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Moreover, the tensile tests were carried out with a Universal testing machine DCS‐5000. It is shown that different methods and organophilic montmorillonite have influence on EVA/MMT nanocomposites.© 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 91: 2416–2421, 2004     

EVOH／有机蒙脱土插层复合材料的制备与表征

将经有机化处理过的蒙脱土与EVOH熔融共混制备插层复合材料，并对该复合材料进行了XRD分析，分析结果表明：聚合物基体已经插入了有机蒙脱土片层间；复合体系中蒙脱土含量越小，蒙脱土被插开的片层间距越大；当复合体系中有机蒙脱土含量≤8％时，形成剥离型复合材料；当有机蒙脱土含量在8％～15％时，形成插层型复合材料；当有机蒙脱土含量大于15％时，复合材料中蒙脱土片层间距无明显变化。对EVOH与蒙脱土熔融共混过程的扭矩分析表明：该复合材料熔融混合9min之后，达到均匀混合和完全塑化的状态。     

含软弱夹层的某公路边坡开挖支护数值模拟分析

基于某含有软弱夹层的公路边坡工程,利用有限元软件对其开挖支护过程进行数值模拟分析,计算考虑了2种不同的开挖工况：1）只开挖不支护;2）开挖并及时支护。研究表明：在开挖未支护时,边坡开挖完成后安全系数小于1,边坡整体都发生很大位移,将沿着软弱夹层带发生破坏;在开挖并及时支护时,边坡位移明显减小,软弱夹层附近塑形变形区得到了有效控制,且开挖完成后安全系数为1．87,满足设计要求。     

A novel nonmetal intercalated high crystalline g-C3N4 photocatalyst for efficiency enhanced H2 evolution

Introducing nickel foam as assistant, a novel nonmetal intercalated high crystalline graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) catalyst was successfully fabricated by β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) pretreated melamine with one step thermal polymerization process. The final results show that 0.3-NCCN presented a remarkably visible-light (λ > 400 nm) photocatalytic H₂ evolution reaching 9297  μmol g^?1 h^?1, and the reaction process follows the zero-order kinetic model. The increase in crystallization of 0.3-NCCN implies a higher-ordered arrangement of tris-s-triazine. The nonmetal interlayer formed by oxygen-contained graphitized carbon can extend the π-conjugated system. Both above significantly benefit the rapid migration and separation of charge-carrier. Moreover, the narrowed band gap provides a stronger thermodynamic driving force for improving the photocatalytic water splitting efficiency. Our work paved a new method to construct high performance photocatalyst for water splitting.     

α-ZrP层状纳米片的插层制备及其摩擦学性能研究

以层状α-Zr(HPO₄)₂·H₂O(α-ZrP)为前驱体,采用间接插层法合成十二烷基三甲基溴化铵(DTAB)插层DTAB-ZrP材料,利用XRD和电镜分析手段对DTAB-ZrP晶体结构和形貌进行表征,采用FT-IR、TGA和CHN元素分析仪对DTAB-ZrP样品的有机物基团和有机物含量进行分析。采用流变仪和四球摩擦磨损试验机研究固体添加剂DTAB-ZrP对锂基脂流变性能和摩擦学性能的影响,借助3D光学表面轮廓仪、扫描电子显微镜和X射线能量色谱仪对摩擦副表面的磨痕进行表征分析。结果表明：DTAB-ZrP样品具有良好的结晶度,作为锂基脂固体添加剂改善了基础脂的黏弹性和黏温性能;在不同载荷和长时间运行下,含DTAB-ZrP锂基脂均表现出优异的承载力、减摩和抗磨性能。磨损表面化学元素分析显示,在摩擦过程中DTAB-ZrP在摩擦副表面形成了物理保护膜。     

Preparation and performance of poly(lactic acid)/amidated ammonium citrate intercalated saponite nanocomposites

ABSTRACT

In this article, a novel method, amidation, was used to modify saponite. Amidated ammonium citrate intercalated saponite (Aa-saponite) was synthesized by amidation reaction. The structure of Aa-saponite was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), demonstrating that the saponite was successfully amidated. Polylactic acid/amidated ammonium citrate intercalated saponite nanocomposites (PLA/Aa-saponite) were prepared by melt blending. Mechanical tests demonstrated that the addition of Aa-saponite (0.3 wt%) improved the impact strength of PLA. A series of performance analysis results showed that A-saponite improved the comprehensive performance of PLA, such as mechanical, thermal stability, crystallization and rheological properties.     

不同工艺有机插层蛭石的制备及表征

以2倍蛭石阳离子交换容量的十六烷基三甲基溴化铵为插层剂,利用热液搅拌法、球磨法、煮沸法、熔融搅拌法等4种不同工艺对蛭石进行插层处理.对有机插层后的蛭石进行了粉晶X射线衍射、Fourier变换红外光谱和热重分析表征.结果表明:不同插层工艺会导致有机插层蛭石的层间距及微结构的变化.随着层间距的增大,蛭石层间的有机相含量逐渐增大.