云重心方法在舰炮维修性评价中的应用

针对已有的云重心评价方法中评价云发生器的参数设置不合理问题,提出了2倍熵规则,并以此为基础建立了熵参数确定模型;给出了专家个体区间数与平均区间数之间的差异度计算方法,从而建立了超熵参数确定模型。针对云重心偏离度的求解模型繁琐且有偏差的问题,建立起定量评价等级界定的区间数与定性评语对应的区间数之间的等比转换关系,将定量指标的集结值映射到定性评语对应的区间数中,并简化了求解模型。最后通过某舰炮维修性评价实例,验证了改进模型的科学性和合理性。     

基于MVC模式的数据访问模型设计

随着Web开发的日益普及,MVC模式的使用也越来越广泛。在研究MVC设计模式及其存在的缺陷的基础上,提出一种基于MVC模式的数据模型设计方案,通过对数据访问方式的改良,有效解决了目前MVC模式开发中存在的问题。实际应用的结果表明,采用新的数据模型的MVC模式较传统MVC模式,在程序重用性、易读性和可维护性上有较大提高。     

装备维修信息管理与分析系统的设计与实现

文章结合工程应用,介绍了维修信息的类型,阐述了系统在设计过程中用到的可靠性分析技术、维修性分析技术、保障设备分析技术和备件确定技术,分析了装备维修信息管理与分析系统的组成和功能,基于VC＋＋和Oracle数据库技术,实现了装备维修信息的管理与分析系统,能够满足工程应用。     

Measuring code maintainability with deep neural networks

The maintainability of source code is a key quality characteristic for software quality. Many approaches have been proposed to quantitatively measure code maintainability. Such approaches rely heavily on code metrics, e.g., the number of Lines of Code and McCabe’s Cyclomatic Complexity. The employed code metrics are essentially statistics regarding code elements, e.g., the numbers of tokens, lines, references, and branch statements. However, natural language in source code, especially identifiers, is rarely exploited by such approaches. As a result, replacing meaningful identifiers with nonsense tokens would not significantly influence their outputs, although the replacement should have significantly reduced code maintainability. To this end, in this paper, we propose a novel approach (called DeepM) to measure code maintainability by exploiting the lexical semantics of text in source code. DeepM leverages deep learning techniques (e.g., LSTM and attention mechanism) to exploit these lexical semantics in measuring code maintainability. Another key rationale of DeepM is that measuring code maintainability is complex and often far beyond the capabilities of statistics or simple heuristics. Consequently, DeepM leverages deep learning techniques to automatically select useful features from complex and lengthy inputs and to construct a complex mapping (rather than simple heuristics) from the input to the output (code maintainability index). DeepM is evaluated on a manually-assessed dataset. The evaluation results suggest that DeepM is accurate, and it generates the same rankings of code maintainability as those of experienced programmers on 87.5% of manually ranked pairs of Java classes.     

Formal Specification and Quantitative Analysis of a Constellation of Navigation Satellites

Navigation satellites are a core component of navigation satellite‐based systems such as Global Positioning System, Global Navigation Satellite System and Galileo, which provide location and timing information for a variety of uses. Such satellites are designed for operating on orbit to perform tasks and have lifetimes of 10 years or more. Reliability, availability and maintainability analysis of systems has been indispensable in the design phase of satellites in order to achieve minimum failures or to increase mean time between failures and thus to plan maintenance strategies, optimise reliability and maximise availability. In this paper, we present formal models of both a single satellite and a navigation satellite constellation and logical specification of their reliability, availability and maintainability properties, respectively. The probabilistic model checker PRISM has been used to perform automated analysis of these quantitative properties. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于虚拟现实的装甲装备维修性定量指标验证方法研究

对维修性定量指标验证的研究现状进行分析,提出构建基于虚拟现实的产品维修性定量指标验证系统;首先,根据系统需求构建出系统的总体框架;其次,对系统搭建过程和仿真过程中的关键技术进行阐述;再者,对国军标中维修性定量参数估计模型进行改进,构建适用于复杂装备的虚拟仿真MTTR估计模型;最后,在验证系统中对某型车辆传动装置进行MTTR虚拟仿真试验,并运用MTTR估计模型进行MTTR验证;对比得到,通过虚拟仿真试验得到的验证结果与实车试验数据得到的结果基本一致,具有较高的可信性;该方法为在产品研制设计阶段并行维修性定量指标的验证工作提供了非常重要的参考价值。     

浅谈雷达的保障性

雷达保障性是雷达可靠性、可维修性、自保障能力以及保障分系统保障能力的综合。从雷达设计者的视角分别从雷达的自保障性和综合保障两个方面阐述了雷达保障性的重要性和必要性。     

基于PCA-LINMAP-FCE的通信系统维修性评价方法

为提高通信系统维修性评价的实用性和可操作性,提出了一种基于 PCA-LINMAP-FCE 的维修性评价方法。在构建简化的维修性评价指标体系的基础上,将 PCA-LINMAP 与模糊综合评判（ FCE）方法相结合,从定量和定性的角度对维修性进行评价。实例仿真分析表明,该方法可操作性强,且有效地降低了评价的主观随意性,使维修设计和作业人员全面掌控通信系统装备维修性的影响因素,能够为科学制定设计方案和维修实施决策方案提供决策信息。     

Quality aspects for component‐based systems: A metrics based approach

In component‐based development, software systems are built by assembling components already developed and prepared for integration. To estimate the quality of components, complexity, reusability, dependability, and maintainability are the key aspects. The quality of an individual component influences the quality of the overall system. Therefore, there is a strong need to select the best quality component, both from functional and nonfunctional aspects. The present paper produces a critical analysis of metrics for various quality aspects for components and component‐based systems. These aspects include four main quality factors: complexity, dependency, reusability, and maintainability. A systematic study is applied to find as much literature as possible. A total of 49 papers were found suitable after a defined search criteria. The analysis provided in this paper has a different objective as we focused on efficiency and practical ability of the proposed approach in the selected papers. The various key attributes from these two are defined. Each paper is evaluated based on the various key parameters viz. metrics definition, implementation technique, validation, usability, data source, comparative analysis, practicability, and extendibility. The paper critically examines various quality aspects and their metrics for component‐based systems. In some papers, authors have also compared the results with other techniques. For characteristics like complexity and dependency, most of the proposed metrics are analytical. Soft computing and evolutionary approaches are either not being used or much less explored so far for these aspects, which may be the future concern for the researchers. In addition, hybrid approaches like neuro‐fuzzy, neuro‐genetic, etc., may also be examined for evaluation of these aspects. However, to conclude that one particular technique is better than others may not be appropriate. It may be true for one characteristic by considering different set of inputs and dataset but may not be true for the same with different inputs. The intension in the proposed work is to give a score for each metric proposed by the researchers based on the selected parameters, but certainly not to criticize any research contribution by authors. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

三层架构在医疗保险系统结算子模块中的应用

针对医疗保险系统中的可扩展性和可维护性问题，提出了三层架构的解决方案．通过逻辑分层的设计能够减少耦合性，运用组件技术使得程序部件可在二进制情况下修改，负载平衡技术可有效地改善系统的性能．结果表明，应用三层架构，结合组件技术，能够有效地解决医疗保险中的可扩展性和可维护性问题．