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1.
1 INTRODUCTION Porphyridium cruentum is a kind of unicellular microalgae, which can live widely in freshwater, marine, brackish, and soil environment[1]. Great attention has been paid to its potential economic value such as the high content of essential high unsaturated fatty acids, especially arachidonic acid (AA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) (ca 50% in the total fatty acids), ploysaccharides, and synthetic pigments, especially phycoerythrin (PE)[2,3]. During cultivation, the cells… 相似文献
2.
M. Cartens E. Molina Grima A. Robles Medina A. Giménez Giménez J. Ibáñez González 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1996,73(8):1025-1031
Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20∶5n-3) was obtained from the marine microalgaePhaeodactylum tricornutum by a three-step process: fatty acid extraction by direct saponification of biomass, polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentration
by formation of urea inclusion compounds, and EPA isolation by semipreparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
Alternatively, EPA was obtained by a similar two-step process without the PUFA concentration step by the urea method. Direct
saponification of biomass was carried out with two solvents that contained KOH for lipid saponification. An increase in yield
was obtained because the problems associated with emulsion formation were avoided by separating the biomass from the soap
solution before adding hexane for extraction of insaponifiables. The most efficient solvent, ethanol (96%) at 60°C for 1 h,
extracted 98.3% of EPA. PUFA were concentrated by the urea method with a urea/fatty acid ratio of 4∶1 at a crystallization
temperature of 28°C and by using methanol and ethanol as urea solvents. An EPA concentration ratio of 1.73 (55.2∶31.9) and
a recover yield of 78.6% were obtained with methanol as the urea solvent. This PUFA concentrate was used to obtain 93.4% pure
EPA by semipreparative HPLC with a reverse-phase, C18, 10 mm i.d.×25-cm column and methanol/water (1% acetic acid), 80∶20 w/w, as the mobile phase. Eighty-five percent of EPA
loaded was recovered, and 65.7% of EPA present inP. tricornutum biomass was recovered in highly pure form by this three-step downstream process. Alternatively, 93.6% pure EPA was isolated
from the fatty acid extract (without the PUFA concentration step) with 100% EPA recovery yield. This two-step process increases
the overall EPA yield to 98.3%, but it is only possible to obtain 20% as much EPA as that obtained by three-step downstream
processing. 相似文献
3.
利用诱变育种技术对用来固定CO2的微藻进行育种,获得耐受高CO2浓度、可高效固定CO2的斜生栅藻突变株WUST—04,其最适宜生长的CO2浓度由诱变前的5%提高到诱变后的15%。在5L的光生物反应器中初步研究了该微藻的固碳工艺。结果表明,在适宜的CO2浓度下,微藻的CO2固定效率提高了17.5%,最大CO2固定效率达1.846g/d·L。 相似文献
4.
基于微藻培养的沼液处理相关耦合技术是近些年沼液资源化处理利用领域的研究热点。本文综述了沼液处理与CO2固定耦合技术、沼液处理与高值生物质生产耦合技术、沼液处理与生态农业耦合技术等耦合技术的研究发展现状与优缺点,并指出了各耦合技术发展的关键问题,如沼液处理与CO2固定耦合技术中高CO2耐受性藻株选育与固碳影响机理研究问题、沼液处理与高值生物质生产耦合技术中低成本、低能耗高值生物质生产技术开发问题、沼液处理与生态农业耦合技术系统性评价体系缺乏问题等。最后,为促进耦合技术突破现有瓶颈,从微藻选育、微藻培养、沼液处理与沼气工程综合经济性4个角度提出相关的建议。 相似文献
5.
介绍了有效核转化微藻的方法和策略,以及微藻中密码子使用存在偏爱性,指出微藻作为绿色细胞已用来生产具有特殊价值的代谢物和外源蛋白质,转基因微藻在生物工程上已得到应用。 相似文献
6.
Giuseppe Olivieri Piero Salatino Antonio Marzocchella 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2014,89(2):178-195
Over the past ten years a great deal of literature has focused on the biotechnological potential of microalgal commercial applications, mainly in the field of biofuel production. However, the biofuel production is not yet competitive, mainly due to the incidence of the photobioreactor technology on the process cost. Besides, major advances in classic photobioreactor design, several novel configurations have been proposed in the last 20 years to improve their performance expressed in terms of light absorption, biomass productivity, light to biomass yield and photosynthetic efficiency. This review aims at analyzing and classifying the most recent advances and the several novel approaches to the design, development, control and modeling of photobioreactors. The diverse approaches are grouped considering irradiance strategies, multiphase hydrodynamics, mass transfer mechanisms, modeling approaches and control strategies. Some innovative applications of the photobioreactor technology are also reported. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
7.
8.
Mariam Alhattab 《分离科学与技术》2017,52(12):2002-2016
Microalgae biomass has great potential for being used as feedstock for the sustainable production of biodiesel, as it is able to produce 7–31 times more oil than the top terrestrial crop. It is a green alternative to the currently utilized energy sources as it can reduce CO, CO2 and hydrocarbon emissions. However, downstream processing costs for the dilute biomass are a major challenge. Foam flotation has been recently investigated for the recovery of microalgae cells from dilute liquid suspensions. A number of variables on the effectiveness of foam flotation for microalgae have been investigated, which include surfactant type and concentration, cell concentration, pH, hydrophobicity, time, growth stage, flow rate, ionic strength, alkalinity, temperature, bubble size, and column size. It appears to be a promising method for the recovery of algae for biofuel production, as a result of the high removal recoveries, good enrichment ratios, ability to process large volumes of biomass, and its ease of operation. However, literature on this subject is scarce, and there are research gaps that should be investigated including characterization of microalgae cells and impact on foam separation and the effect of surfactant as a treatment prior to lipid extraction. 相似文献
9.
10.
Production of bioactive proteins and peptides from the diatom Nitzschia laevis and comparison of their in vitro antioxidant activities with those from Spirulina platensis and Chlorella vulgaris
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Mona Ahmed J. Alzahrani Conrad O. Perera Yacine Hemar 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2018,53(3):676-682
This research focuses on green production of bioactive proteins and hydrolysates from Nitzschia. A comparison of antioxidant activities was established between protein extracts and hydrolysates from Nitzschia and two other well‐known microalgae, chlorella and spirulina. Protein hydrolysates from these microalgae were produced using Alcalase®, Flavourzyme® and Trypsin. The hydrolysis process enhanced the antioxidant activities in general, especially those obtained using Alcalase®. Nitzschia showed the highest (P < 0.05) total phenolic content/reducing capacity (2.4 ± 0.02 mg GAE/100 g) after 90 min of hydrolysis with Alcalase®. The ABTS [2,2′‐Azino‐bis(3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulphonic acid)] radical scavenging activity (66.77 ± 0.00%) was highest (P < 0.05) after 120 min of hydrolysis, but DPPH (2,2‐Diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl radical) was low (29.59 ± 0.02%). A correlation between ABTS activity and total phenolic contents was the highest (P < 0.05) for protein hydrolysates from all three organisms using Alcalase®, but superoxide anion radical scavenging activity was intermediate for Nitzschia. Therefore, Nitzschia protein hydrolysates have the potential to be used as antioxidants. 相似文献