激光在材料中感生的瞬态光声波和光热波

研究了锁模激光在材料中产生频率达GHz的光声波和相应探测技术,用回波分析法无损坏测量了薄材料的厚度。研究了激光在材料中感生的光热波,热沉测量可用于解释材料的破坏机理。     

纤维复合材料的热膨胀系数

提出了一种利用压电光声技术测量材料热膨胀系数的实验方法,并测试了单向复合材料C/C、C/Al的横向、纵向的热膨胀系数。根据已有的理论计算方法与实验结果对该方法的测试结果进行验证,证明了该检测方法的可靠性,进而又测量了C/C、C/Al材料在任一方向上的热膨胀系数。这种方法克服了理论计算过程复杂以及常规手段无法测量任一方向上热膨胀系数的缺陷。     

Study on Dihydrated Praseodymium Acetylacetonate by Photoacoustic Spectra with Broad Wavelength Range

Photoacousticspectroscopy (PAS)hasbeenusedtonondestructivelyinvestigatealmostallkindsofsam ples,whetherthesampleiscrystalline ,powderorgel .PAspectr oscopyisacalorimetrictechniquewhichmeasurestheenergyabsorbedandsubsequentheatingofthesamplesduetoanonradiativerelaxationpro cess .ThereforePAScanbeusedtostudyopaque ,highlyreflectiveandscatteringsamples ,whicharedif ficulttostudybyconventionalspectroscopytech niques[1] .Withouttheneedofsamplepreparation ,PASavoidstheriskofsamplealteration ,pre…     

固体中光声拉曼效应的理论分析

从非线性波动方程出发，运用准平衡模型以及热弹理论，对固体样品中光声拉曼效应进行理论分析，导出了脉冲激光泵浦下光声拉曼信号的解析表达式，并总结分析了固体中光声拉曼效应的一些原理特性、实验问题和应用价值。     

Measurement of the thermal diffusivity of thin films on substrate by the photoacoustic method

Measurements of the thermal diffusivity of thin films on substrate have been performed by the photoacoustic method. In order to examine the method we have built a new apparatus and proposed (1) a system calibration procedure using optically and thermally thick reference samples and (2) a data analysis procedure based on the RG (Rosencwaig and Gersho) theory. As a result of using a transparent photoacoustic cell, the systematic errors which are caused by stray light have been reduced. With this apparatus, measurements have been performed on platinum, titanium, and stainless steel (SUS304) thin foils (thickness form 50 to 100 µm) with three different liquid backing materials (water, glycerol, and ethyl alcohol). The reproducibility was within ±7% regardless of film thickness and substrate materials.     

铒氨基酸固态配合物的光声光谱研究

合成了Er(Gly)3Cl3·3H2O、Er(Ala)3Cl3·3H2O和Er(Gly)3Phen·3H2O二元及三元固态配合物微晶粉末,在300nm～800nm范围内测定并解释了其光声光谱。通过对光声相对强度计算得到铒氨基酸固态配合物的光声支量,讨论了氨基酸配体对中心稀土离子铒f-f跃迁的微扰作用。结合Er(Ala)3Cl3·3H2O配合物的光声光谱和吸收光谱研究了其荧光性质及弛豫模型。     

Photoacoustic‐Guided Surgery with Indocyanine Green‐Coated Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticle Clusters

A common cause of local tumor recurrence in brain tumor surgery results from incomplete surgical resection. Adjunctive technologies meant to facilitate gross total resection have had limited efficacy to date. Contrast agents used to delineate tumors preoperatively cannot be easily or accurately used in the real‐time operative setting. Although multimodal imaging contrast agents are developed to help the surgeon discern tumor from normal tissue in the operating room, these contrast agents are not readily translatable. This study has developed a novel contrast agent comprised solely of two Food and Drug Administration approved components, indocyanine green (ICG) and superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles—with no additional amphiphiles or carrier materials, to enable preoperative detection by magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and intraoperative photoacoustic (PA) imaging. The encapsulation efficiency of both ICG and SPIO within the formulated clusters is ≈100%, and the total ICG payload is 20–30% of the total weight (ICG + SPIO). The ICG–SPIO clusters are stable in physiologic conditions; can be taken up within tumors by enhanced permeability and retention; and are detectable by MR. In a preclinical surgical resection model in mice, following injection of ICG–SPIO clusters, animals undergoing PA‐guided surgery demonstrate increased progression‐free survival compared to animals undergoing microscopic surgery.     

基于光声差分衰减频谱的骨质评估仿真研究

光声层析成像术(Photoacoustic Tomography,PAT)在骨组织微结构的量化评估方面具有潜力,但在传统PAT工作模式下,松质骨的固液两相多孔结构导致骨小梁等分布式光吸收成分激发的光声信号混叠,增加了定量分析骨微结构特性的难度和复杂度。针对这一问题,文章将PAT系统改进为偏心激励-差分检测模式,获取差分衰减频谱(Differential Attenuation Spectrum,DAS);并通过数值仿真计算和验证了松质骨孔隙率与光声差分衰减频谱特征参数的相关性。研究结果表明：提取的光声差分衰减频谱特征参数与骨头孔隙率呈强线性相关,基于光声差分衰减频谱的分析方法可有效实现骨质定量评估和诊断。     

基于石英增强光声光谱技术的开放光路气体传感系统研究

针对传统石英增强光声光谱系统存在体积大、实时性差,无法实现在狭小空间中探测等缺点,提出一种基于光纤引导方式的开放光路石英增强光声光谱传感系统。系统用光纤将激光引导至石英音叉两叉指中央,以实现对狭小空间中痕量气体的探测。搭建了实验系统,开展了对常温常压下空气中水蒸气含量的探测来验证该系统的探测灵敏度及可靠性。得到其归一化噪声系数为7.15e-7cm^(-1)?W/Hz^(1/2)。实验结果表明,该系统的探测灵敏度是传统石英增强光声光谱系统的5倍。该系统体积小、实时性强,无需样本取样,适用于开放环境中对痕量气体的检测。     

Fluoro-Photoacoustic Polymeric Renal Reporter for Real-Time Dual Imaging of Acute Kidney Injury

Photoacoustic (PA) imaging agents detect disease tissues and biomarkers with increased penetration depth and enhanced spatial resolution relative to traditional optical imaging, and thus hold great promise for clinical applications. However, existing PA imaging agents often encounter the issues of slow body excretion and low-signal specificity, which compromise their capability for in vivo detection. Herein, a fluoro-photoacoustic polymeric renal reporter (FPRR) is synthesized for real-time imaging of drug-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). FPRR simultaneously turns on both near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) and PA signals in response to an AKI biomarker (γ-glutamyl transferase) with high sensitivity and specificity. In association with its high renal clearance efficiency (78% at 24 h post-injection), FPRR can detect cisplatin-induced AKI at 24 h post-drug treatment through both real-time imaging and optical urinalysis, which is 48 h earlier than serum biomarker elevation and histological changes. More importantly, the deep-tissue penetration capability of PA imaging results in a signal-to-background ratio that is 2.3-fold higher than NIRF imaging. Thus, the study not only demonstrates the first activatable PA probe for real-time sensitive imaging of kidney function at molecular level, but also highlights the polymeric probe structure with high renal clearance.