Determination of the pKa values of titratable groups of an antigen-antibody complex, HyHEL-5-hen egg lysozyme

The titration behavior of the ionizable residues of the HyHEL-5–henegg lysozyme complex and its individual components has beenstudied using continuum electrostatic calculations. Severalresidues of HyHEL-5 had pK_a values shifted away from model valuesfor isolated residues by more than three pH units. Shifts awayfrom the model values were smaller for the residues of hen egglysozyme. A moderate variation in the pK_a values of the titratablegroups was observed upon increase of the ionic strength from0 to 100 mM, amounting to 1–2 pH units in most cases.Under physiological conditions, the net charge of HyHEL-5 wasopposite that for hen egg lysozyme. Several residues, includingthose involved in the Arg–Glu salt bridges that have beenproposed to be important in antibody-antigen binding, had pK_avalues that were changed significantly upon binding. The maintitration event upon antibody-antigen binding appears to beloss of a proton from residue GluH50 of the Fv molecule. Thelimitations of our calculation methods and the role they mightplay in the design of antibodies for use in assays, sensorsand separations are discussed     

N,N′-二羧甲基大环醚双内酯配合性能的研究

用电位滴定法,在（２５．０ ±０．１）℃, Ｉ＝ ０．１０ ｍ ｏｌ·ｄｍ ３（ＮＭｅ４ＮＯ３） 条件下测定了Ｎ,Ｎ′—二羧甲基大环醚双内酯（Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ） 的质子化平衡常数,及其与Ｍｇ２＋ ,Ｃａ２＋ ,Ｓｒ２＋ ,Ｂａ２＋ ,Ｃｕ２＋ ,Ｚｎ２＋ ,Ｃｄ２＋ ,Ｐｂ２＋ 金属离子配合的平衡常数,讨论了醚环大小对平衡常数、配位方式以及配体稳定性的影响． 配体Ⅰ与上述金属离子形成配合物的稳定常数,对于同一种金属与配体Ⅱ,Ⅲ相比为最小． 配体Ⅰ与较大的金属离子如Ｓｒ２＋ ,Ｂａ２＋ ,Ｃｄ２＋ 生成配合物时,这种差异更加显著． 配体Ⅰ与Ｐｂ２＋ 配合的稳定常数,比预料的高出很多． 与碱土金属离子Ｃａ２＋ ,Ｓｒ２＋ ,Ｂａ２＋ 形成配合物的稳定常数,随金属离子半径增大而减小． 与过渡金属离子Ｃｕ２＋ ,Ｚｎ２＋ ,Ｃｄ２＋ 形成配合物的稳定常数,呈相似的规律． 配体Ⅱ与Ｍｇ２＋ 形成的配合物,其稳定性最差．而与Ｃａ２＋ ,Ｓｒ２＋ ,Ｂａ２＋ 形成配合物的稳定常数比与Ｍｇ２＋ 形成的配合物的稳定常数高出很多且相互间很相近,故配体Ⅱ可用于从碱土金属离子中分离出Ｍｇ２＋ 离子． 用ＮＭＲ 研究了配体Ⅰ的水解产物的结构     

具有可控质子化能力的阳离子聚合物的合成及表征

合成了聚乙二醇-聚赖氨酸嵌段共聚物(PEG-PLL),并利用Michael加成反应对其侧链进行叔胺和季铵化修饰,得到一系列具有支化胺结构和可控质子化能力的聚赖氨酸衍生物。通过核磁共振氢谱、傅里叶变换红外光谱和凝胶渗透色谱对聚合物的结构进行表征。利用pH滴定研究聚合物的质子化行为,发现季铵和叔胺修饰能够显著改变阳离子聚合物的质子缓冲能力,将pKa值从10.6分别降低至7.5和6.8。圆二色谱测试结果表明侧基修饰不仅使聚赖氨酸嵌段从无规卷曲构象变为含有α螺旋和β折叠的混合构象,而且能够调节其高级结构对肿瘤微环境的响应能力。     

质子化氮化碳的制备及其复合材料的光催化性能

分别采用硫酸、盐酸和硝酸对尿素热解得到的体相块状石墨相氮化碳(g-C_3N_4)进行质子化改性,超声剥离得到氮化碳纳米片,考察3种质子化氮化碳纳米片对亚甲基蓝染料的光催化降解性能,利用XRD、FT-IR、SEM、BET、UV-DRS、UV-VIS等对其结构、形貌、比表面积、禁带宽度进行分析。结果表明,硫酸改性后的g-C_3N_4比表面积最大(60. 9 m~2·g~(-1)),亚甲基蓝降解效果最好,降解率为46. 7%,相比于体相块状g-C_3N_4的29. 2%提高了17. 5个百分点。以硫酸质子化改性的g-C_3N_4为前驱体,采用搅拌法制备得到质子化g-C_3N_4/石墨烯复合材料,其光催化降解亚甲基蓝的降解率为81. 7%,较硫酸质子化g-C_3N_4提高了35. 0个百分点。     

一种制备酚醛树脂的新方法—“缩醛法”

用pH-电位滴定法测定草酸、丙二酸、丁二酸、顺丁烯二酸、邻苯二甲酸、戊二酸和己二酸等7种常见二元羧酸的第一、二级质子化常数,对实验结果进行了讨论。     

具有"开-关"特性的pH荧光探针DPVF的合成与表征

合成并表征了{4-[2-(4-氟苯基)-乙烯基]-苯基}-二甲基胺(DPVF).结果表明,DPVF(10.0 μmol·L-1)的水∶乙醇=1∶1(体积比)溶液的紫外可见吸收强度对pH值(7.02～2.22)变化灵敏,荧光强度对pH值(7.02～1.66)变化灵敏.荧光增强阶段是氟原子质子化,荧光减弱阶段是氟原子与氮原子同时质子化,氮原子与氟原子都是pH功能基.该化合物显示了"开-关"荧光发射性能,可应用于荧光分子开关;同时又是一个很好的pH荧光探针,检测pH值范围为7.02～1.66,pH值检测最高灵敏度为ΔpH=0.04.     

S－苄基－半胱氨酸的合成及其质子化常数

合成了重要的氨基酸衍生物Ｓ－苄基－半胱氨酸．阐述了合成物质的配位化学功能；经元素分析仪和化学分析方法对目的产物进行了组成表征；经红外光谱进行了结构表征；测定并计算了产物在乙醇／水混合介质中的质子化常数．     

Control of polyaniline conductivity and contact angles by partial protonation

Many studies require a specific value of conductivity when investigating conducting polymers. The conductivity of polyaniline can efficiently be controlled by partial protonation of the polyaniline base. Although this is a simple task in principle, practical guidelines are missing. In the present study, the changes in the conductivity of polyaniline base after immersion in aqueous solutions of various acids are reported. Polyaniline base has been reprotonated in aqueous solutions of picric, camphorsulfonic and phosphoric acids. The conductivity of partially reprotonated polyaniline varied between 10⁻⁹ and 10⁰ S cm⁻¹. The relation between the pH of a phosphoric acid solution, which was in equilibrium with polyaniline, and the conductivity σ is pH = 0.77 − 0.64 log(σ [S cm⁻¹]). The wettability, i.e. water contact angles, can similarly be set by partial protonation to between 78° for polyaniline base and 44° for polyaniline reprotonated in 1 mol L⁻¹ phosphoric acid. In solutions of picric acid, the transition from the non‐conducting to the conducting state occurs over a narrow range of acid concentrations, and the tuning of conductivity is consequently difficult. Phosphoric acid is well suited for the control of conductivity of polyaniline because of the moderate dependence of the conductivity on the acid concentration or pH. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry     

HY催化C4烷基化中异丁烯质子化反应的分子模拟

采用MS QMERA中QM和MM（量子力学和分子力学）相结合的方法,选用84T HY分子筛簇模型,研究了HY分子筛催化C4烷基化反应中异丁烯质子化反应过程。结果表明,异丁烯首先吸附在分子筛上形成π-络合物,再通过正碳离子的过渡态生成表面烷氧基团;质子化反应的活化能能垒为98.74 kJ/mol,比单纯H⁺进攻异丁烯的能垒高。过渡态时烷基片段的正电荷数最高（0.675 e）,且过渡态构象对应于势垒的最高点,极易向反应物或产物转化;同时,过渡态时Al-O1和 Al-O2的键长大致相等,而在反应物和生成物时的键长差异较大,表明处于过渡态的正碳离子不稳定。