纳米TiO2-Bi2O3-La2O3复合材料的制备及光、电催化性能研究

以钛酸丁酯、硝酸铋、硝酸镧为主要原料,溶胶-凝胶法分别制备了TiO2、TiO2-Bi2O3、TiO2-La2O3和TiO2-Bi2O3-La2O3等催化剂。用XRD、TEM等方法对其进行了表征,晶型均为锐钛矿,粒径范围10~25 nm。以罗丹明B为目标降解物,分别考察了催化剂的光、电催化活性。结果表明,在紫外光照下,TiO2-Bi2O3-La2O3的光催化活性最高,60 min时罗丹明B的降解率达98.7%,较纯TiO2光催化活性提高了162%;以负载TiO2-Bi2O3-La2O3的多孔材料为粒子电极,采用三维电极法降解罗丹明B,20 min时的降解率达98.6%,较使用负载纯TiO2粒子电极提高了9%。     

钇或钕掺杂TiO_2纳米纤维的制备及光催化性能研究

采用静电纺丝技术,以Ti(SO4)2、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP,Mr=1300000)、稀土氧化物和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)为原料,成功地制备了TiO2、Y/TiO2和Nd/TiO2纳米纤维.用XRD、FESEM、TEM和TG-DTA等分析手段对样品进行了表征.XRD分析结果表明,当焙烧温度为550℃时得到纯锐钛矿相RE/TiO2(RE=Y,Nd)纳米纤维,900℃时得到纯金红石型RE/TiO2(RE=Y,Nd)纳米纤维,稀土离子显著降低了TiO2的晶格参数.FESEM分析结果表明,RE/TiO2(RE=Y,Nd)纳米纤维直径约为50nm、长度300μm.以罗丹明B和苯酚为目标降解物,研究了三种催化剂的光催化性能.其中,1.5mol%Y/TiO2光催化剂对罗丹明B的降解效率较高,而1.0mol%Nd/TiO2对苯酚具有较好的降解活性.因此,掺杂不同稀土离子的TiO2纳米纤维对不同降解物的降解能力不同.     

Rhodamine-B modified silica for uranium(VI) extraction from aqueous waste samples

Silica modified with rhodamine-B has been synthesized, characterized and used for solid phase extraction (SPE) of uranium(VI) (U(VI)) from aqueous waste solutions. Adsorption efficiency was influenced by various parameters, which have been investigated such as solution pH, shaking time, initial concentration, adsorbent dose and possible competing ions. The study showed that uranium adsorption was found to be quantitative at pH 5. The adsorption percentage of U(VI) was found to be 94% at the optimum conditions. Desorption conditions were also examined. About 99% of uranium loaded on modified silica was desorbed by 6% of HCl. The method was applicable for removal of uranium from natural samples.     

Preparation and photocatalytic activity of PANI/TiO2 composite film

1. Introduction As an advanced oxidation technique (AOT), photocatalytic oxidation of semiconductor nanopar-ticles has been widely investigated by several groups during the past two decades [1-2]. Among all types of oxide semiconductor photocatalysts, nano-TiO2 is a very important photocatalyst for its strong oxidiz-ing power, nontoxicity, and long-term photostability [3]. Some researchers have reviewed the photocata-lytic mechanism of nano-TiO2 [4-5]. Generally, when the surface of TiO2 i…