Freeze-drying and mechanical redispersion of aqueous PEDOT:PSS

Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) films are attracting famous applications in antistatic coating, energy storage and conversion, printed electronics, and biomedical fields due to their conductivity, optical transparency and flexibility. However, PEDOT:PSS has poor dispersion stability during long-term storage and transport. Moreover, the dried PEDOT:PSS films are insoluble in any solvent and cannot be redispersed again. In comparison to bake drying, here, a feasible strategy to achieve mechanically redispersed PEDOT:PSS with the help of freeze-drying process was reported. The redispersed PEDOT:PSS can recover not only the initial characters such as pH, chemical composition, viscosity, and particle size under similar solid contents, but also conductivity and surface morphology of treated films. In addition, the treated film exhibits self-healing properties similar to pristine film in terms of mechanical and electrical properties. This technology enables reuse and overcomes the technical problems of PEDOT:PSS dispersion, realizing real-time processing to meet variable applications.     

Boron Nitride Nanosheets Strengthened PVA/Borax Hydrogels with Highly Efficient Self-Healing and Rapid pH-Driven Shape Memory Effect

Self-healing hydrogels often possess poor mechanical properties which largely limits their applications in many fields. In this work, boron nitride nanosheets are introduced into a network of the poly(vinyl alcohol)/borax (PVA/borax) hydrogels to enhance the mechanical properties of the hydrogel without compromising the self-healing abilities. The obtained hydrogels exhibit excellent mechanical properties with a tensile strength of 0.410 ± 0.007 MPa, an elongation at break of 1712%, a Young's Modulus of 0.860 ± 0.023 MPa, and a toughness of 3.860 ± 0.075 MJ m⁻³. In addition, the self-healing efficiency of the hydrogels is higher than 90% within 10 min at room temperature. Benefiting from the excellent self-healing properties, the shapeability of the hydrogel fragments is observed using different molds. In addition, the hydrogels display rapid pH-driven shape memory effects and can recover to their original shape within 260 s. Overall, this work provides a new approach to hydrogels with integrated excellent mechanical properties, self-healing abilities, and rapid pH-driven shape memory effects.     

自修复混凝土中玻璃纤维管最佳掺量的确定

在混凝土中埋入含有修复剂的中空玻璃纤维管,形成自愈合系统。纤维管的掺量直接影响到修复效果,掺加量太少不能把产生的裂缝完全修复,太多则会影响到混凝土材料的宏观性能。通过在混凝土中掺入不同体积率的中空玻璃纤维管和空白混凝土对比试验,观察对混凝土试件抗压强度、劈裂抗拉强度所造成的影响,确定出中空玻璃纤维管在混凝土中的最佳掺量。     

Ce~(3+)-聚苯胺/蒙脱土复合材料掺杂环氧涂层的制备及耐腐蚀性能

采用原位插层聚合法合成了聚苯胺/蒙脱土复合材料(PANI/MMT),通过阳离子交换吸附制得了Ce~(3+)-聚苯胺/蒙脱土复合材料(Ce~(3+)-PANI/MMT).随后对所制备的样品进行表征.将PANI,PANL/MMT,Ce~(3+)-PANI/MMT粉末添加到环氧树脂中(质量分数为5%),涂覆在碳钢表面,干燥.将4种涂层浸泡在3.5%NaCl溶液中,通过电化学实验来比较4种涂层的耐蚀性能.研究结果表明,Ce~(3+)-PANI/MMT复合材料掺杂的环氧涂层的耐腐蚀性能最好,且具有一定的自修复性能.     

海上多平台互联电力系统故障后的供电恢复策略

在电力系统出现故障后,恢复非故障区域的供电可有效提高系统自愈能力。针对应急发电机、储能装置辅助的海上多平台互联电力系统,提出了一种适用于孤岛电网故障后的供电恢复策略。首先,提出了电源恢复优化模型所考虑的4种指标:故障恢复效果、故障恢复时间成本、对非故障区域内潮流影响和启动应急发电机数量。此外,给出了具有潮流约束、网络安全约束和网络拓扑约束的故障后供电恢复优化模型。然后,将遗传算法应用于该供电恢复策略中,通过改变电力系统中开关的分合状态来调整电网的运行方式,进而恢复非故障区域的供电。最后,结合IEEE 53节点配电系统和海上多平台互联电力系统的大量仿真实验,验证了所提电源恢复策略的有效性,此外,还评估了含储能的海上多平台互联电力系统的自愈控制能力。     

一种休眠机制下无线传感器网络的自治愈方法

为减少无线传感器网络(WSNs)大规模应用中出现的节点同步失效、数据丢失的问题,通过对现有WSNs应用系统的研究,提出了一种全网节点同步休眠机制下WSNs的自治愈方法.详细介绍了该方法的设计思路、实现方法及测试过程.测试结果表明:此方法可针对数据丢失和时间同步失效的节点进行节点自救,实现丢失节点的再入网、再同步,提高WSNs系统的稳定性,为WSNs的应用提供更好的条件.     

带缺陷膨润土防水毯的渗透试验

分别以自来水和0.05 mol/L的CaCl2溶液作为渗滤溶液研究带缺陷膨润土防水毯(GCL)的渗透性能。试验结果表明:自来水渗滤时,GCL的渗透系数随着缺陷直径的增大而增大,缺陷直径达11 mm时缺陷不能完全愈合,致使渗透系数超过1×10-9m/s。CaCl2溶液渗滤时,随着离子交换作用的进行,渗透系数随孔隙体积流量的增大有增大的趋势;缺陷直径小于5 mm时GCL具有一定的自愈能力,但增至7mm时缺陷不能愈合,溶液和缺陷的共同作用使得GCL的防渗性能很差。     

面向无线传感器网络的复杂适应系统分析方法

从复杂适应系统理论角度出发对无线传感器网路的自组织、自适应、主体性等特征进行了分析,认为随着传感技术、通信技术和计算机技术的飞速发展以及 MEMS 技术的日益成熟与完善,无线传感器网络将引领未来信息技术迅猛发展。而 WSN 是一个复杂的系统,依据管理科学研究方法思想,即必须把复杂系统当作复杂系统来处理,复杂适应系统理论在方法论上为研究无线传感器网问题提供了可能的思路。     

Ad Hoc网络中的新型分布式证书撤销方案

分析Ad Hoc网络中一些证书撤销方案的优缺点,提出一种新的分布式证书撤销方案,节点证书的有效性由节点的权值控制,使用单向哈希链认证控诉消息,利用自恢复区域方法广播控诉消息。不依赖于任何集中式或外部节点即可有效地撤销恶意节点的证书、防止合法节点证书的误撤销。定量分析了方案的可靠性。     

QoS-Driven Self-Healing Web Service Composition Based on Performance Prediction

Web services run in a highly dynamic environment, as a result, the QoS of which will change relatively frequently. In order to make the composite service adapt to such dynamic property of Web services, we propose a self-healing approach for web service composition. Such an approach is an integration of backing up in selection and reselecting in execution. In order to make the composite service heal itself as quickly as possible and minimize the number of reselections, a way of performance prediction is proposed in this paper. On this basis, the self-healing approach is presented including framework, the triggering algorithm of the reselection and the reliability model of the service. Experiments show that the proposed solutions have better performance in supporting the self-healing Web service composition. This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 60773218.