Understanding value creation in closed loop supply chains – Past findings and future directions

The topic of value creation through the recovery of returned products in closed loop supply chains is scattered across various bodies of literature. We undertake a systematic literature review of 144 articles in relevant green, reverse and closed loop supply chain literature to synchronize existing knowledge on value creation. Value manifestations of four types of value, namely economic, environmental, information and customer value, are identified. Value adding concepts from the forward- and reverse supply chain may leverage the process of value creation. They are classified into six subclasses, namely partnerships and collaboration, product design characteristics, service concepts, IT solutions, supply chain processes and organizational characteristics. We present a conceptual framework on a strategic level. In this way companies can create competitive advantages by closing the loop. The results of the literature analysis suggest avenues for future research on the operational and strategic level.     

Influence of the ZrB2 content on the anti-oxidation ability of ZrB2-SiC coatings in aerobic environments with broad temperature range

ZrB₂-SiC coatings with different ZrB₂ contents were prepared by liquid phase sintering. The oxidation processes of coatings were explained according to TG results of ZrB₂-SiC coatings and powders tested from 298 K to 1773 K. Results show that, increasing ZrB₂ content made the weight of the samples changed from weight-loss of 10.04% to weight-gain of 0.14%, while the fastest weight-loss regions were narrowed, whose inflection points reduced from 1310℃ to 1050℃. Increasing ZrB₂ content made the relative oxygen permeability of the ZrB₂-SiC/SiC coatings reduced from 40%–60% to -10%-5%. Increasing ZrB₂ content enhanced high-temperature stability of coatings, making final weight of samples changed from weight-loss of 0.16% to weight-gain of 0.11% after oxidation at 1773 K for 200 h. The peeling and dispersion of Zr-oxides formed Zr-B-Si-O compound glass layer, presenting enhanced stability, dispersion strengthening and pinning effect of Zr-oxides, which were responsible for the excellent anti-oxidation protective effect of coatings in a broad temperature region.     

Does decision quality (always) increase with the size of information samples? Some vicissitudes in applying the law of large numbers.

Adaptive decision making requires that contingencies between decision options and their relative assets be assessed accurately and quickly. The present research addresses the challenging notion that contingencies may be more visible from small than from large samples of observations. An algorithmic account for such a seemingly paradoxical effect is offered within a satisficing-choice framework. Accordingly, a choice is only made when the sample contingency describing the relative evaluation of the 2 options exceeds a critical threshold. Small samples, because of the high dispersion of their sampling distribution, facilitate above-threshold contingencies. Across a broad range of parameters, the resulting small-sample advantage in terms of hits is stronger than their disadvantage in false alarms. Computer simulations and experiments support the model predictions. The relative advantage of small samples is most apparent when information loss is low, when the threshold is high relative to the ecological contingency, and when the sampling process is self-truncated. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

RFID电子门票解决方案(三)

继第二、三期的专题连载(一)和(二)之后,这次介绍门票系统的扩展和系统的优势,并且给出了各种门票的对比表。     

Microstructure-Property Correlation in AI_4C_3 Dispersion Strengthened Al Composite

The microstructure and tensile properties of Al_4C_3 dispersion strengthened Al composite fabricatedby reaction milling technique were investigated.It is indicated that the rod-like Al_4C_3 dispersoidshaving a diameter of 0.02-0.03 μm and a length of 0.1-0.3μm are formed by reaction of C with Al,and uniformly distributed in the Al matrix.The interface between Al_4C_3 and Al is clean and theinterfacial bonding is good.The matrix consists of the subgrains which have the size of 0.3-0.4μm,and most of the Al_4C_3 dispersoids are distributed on the subgrain boundaries.The 11 vol.-%Al_4C_3/Al composite exhibits an UTS (ultimate tensile strength) of 400 MPa and anelongation-to-failure of 8.0%.     

既有钢筋混凝土框架结构抗震加固若干问题探讨

针对钢筋混凝土框架结构抗震加固问题的复杂性 ,本文深入分析了抗震加固结构的受力特征 ,探讨了卸荷对加固构件承载力的影响 ,并针对抗震加固后的“隐含危险转移”问题提出了相应的对策。最后 ,提出了抗震加固的基本原则 ,可供结构抗震加固时参考     

隔河岩水电厂220 kV线路保护配置及运行分析

介绍了隔河岩电厂220kV线路保护的原理设计及运行情况，以及采用了双重微机化继电保护装置后带来的优越性，简要描述了CSL-101A高频保护和RCS-931A光纤保护的应用特点。     

VN合金在大规格角钢生产中的应用研究

大规格角钢主要用于铁塔制造和建筑结构中。唐钢过去用16Mn钢生产Q345级别角钢，因供轧化学成分范围较窄，供轧率偏低。通过加入V-Fe合金及VN合金进行微合金化，设计了16Mnv(N)钢种生产角钢，使角钢综合性能有显著提高。分析比较了16Mn、16MnV及16MnV(N)角钢的性能，认为在大规格高强度角钢生产中，用VN合金进行微合金化，其效果是最佳的。     

钼酸铵溶液深度净化工艺探索

对传统的钼酸铵溶液净化工艺及文献介绍工艺进行了较为详细的分析 ,并与实验数据对比分析 ,找到了较为合理的工艺方案