热像图对强直性脊柱炎的诊断价值

探讨了红外热像图对强直性脊柱炎(AS)的诊断价值.采用国产WP-95型医用红外热像扫描仪,对131例AS患者和100例正常人的红外热像图表现进行分析.结果表明,AS的脊背热像图自颈胸至腰骶呈温高色红的热区,宽度相当于两侧骶棘肌外缘间,平均1.7℃的连线,温度高于两侧温度1～2.9 ℃.可见用热像图诊断AS具有明显的临床意义.     

从《含能材料热谱集》中的DSC谱采集数据和计算动力学参数的几个问题

报道了从《含能材料热谱集》中的DSC谱采集数据和计算动力学参数的几个问题。     

基于热像检测与分割技术的磨削砂轮堵塞检测研究

针对磨削加工中的砂轮堵塞检测的难题,提出了一种基于主动红外检测技术和热像图分割技术的砂轮堵塞检测方法。分别运用阈值分割、边缘检测和区域生长三种方法分割热像图,提取了砂轮堵塞量和状态的特征。实验结果表明：阈值分割法提取的砂轮堵塞磨屑的分布出现“偏聚”现象,堵塞特征受选取的阈值影响较大;边缘检测法克服了“偏聚”现象,但仍存在边缘不完整、定位不精确等问题;而基于梯度阈值过滤的区域生长分割法检测结果更客观和准确。把基于梯度阈值过滤的区域生长分割法的砂轮堵塞红外检测结果与显微照相法的砂轮堵塞检测结果进行了分析比较,结果表明基于梯度阈值过滤的区域生长分割的红外检测法可以实现对砂轮堵塞面积和状态的定量检测。     

正常人体颜面温度分布及红外面像分析

本文使用红外热象仪对１１６例健康人面部温度分布进行观察，并对面部热象图进行分析。观察结果有助于中医研究面像以及面部疾病的热像图诊断。     

热烫藕条微波滚动干燥热场分布及脱水品质

为解决微波干燥不均问题,提升藕条的干燥品质,作者以热风干燥(Hot-Airflow Drying,AD)为对照,利用自主研制的微波热风滚动床干燥(Microwave Hot-Airflow Rolling-Bed Drying,MARD)装备,研究了沸水漂烫和未漂烫下藕条在MARD不同干燥阶段的热像分布,以及"干基水分质量分数-干燥时间"变化曲线,分析了不同工艺下物料的感官品质和微观结构。结果表明:藕条MARD过程在热风和微波的协同作用下温度逐渐升高,最终稳定在设定范围。沸水漂烫减少MARD干燥时间10～15 min,对MARD过程热像分布影响不显著。沸水漂烫会使脱水藕条的色泽变暗,沸水漂烫和微波干燥过程都会破坏藕条的微观结构。     

THERMAL TRANSITIONS AND MORPHOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR OF POLYETHER ETHER KETONE AND LIQUID CRYSTALLINE POLYMER BLENDS

Polyether ether ketone (PEEK) and thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer (TLCP) based on hydroxy benzoic acid and hydroxy naphthoic acid (HBA/HNA) were prepared on a single-screw extruder with rotor speed 45 rpm at 350°C. Thermal analysis data, especially the glass transition temperature (T_g), indicated that the blends were incompatible in the entire range of concentration. Melting temperature (T_m) of the blends was found to be close to melting temperature of pure PEEK. Thermogravimetric analysis data show the poor thermal stability of the blends compared to the parent material. The percent weight loss increased with increasing LCP concentration. Analysis with a scanning electron microscope clearly indicated that a distinctive fibrous morphology was developed in the extruded samples at the low concentration of LCP, but the adhesion of the fiber to the PEEK matrix was poor, with circular voids around the LCP phase at higher concentration.     

超高倍拉伸聚乙烯凝胶纤维熔融行为的研究

将超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)冻胶丝经各倍热拉仲后的纤维作DSC、WAXD研究。在DSC图谱上温度为137℃、140～146℃、150～154℃和158℃(T_(m1)、T_(m2)、T_(m3)、T_(m4))处分别出现了四个峰。第一个峰表征着初生丝中“溶剂化结晶”的熔融,随着拉伸倍数的提高,“溶剂化结晶”逐渐变为串晶结构。DSC表明,当拉伸达到12.1倍时,这种转变完成,在UHMWPE纤维中的结晶一般为正交晶系,DSC图谱的出峰情况和实验条件密切相关,在一定的条件下,可以看到T_(m3)峰,它衣征着在纤维中存在有六方晶系。热拉伸过程中结构的发展和“拉伸三阶段机理”相吻合。     

Preparation and structural characterization of melamine–methylurea–formaldehyde resin and its blends separately with ethyl cellulose,starch, teakwood,and almond shell powders by 13C NMR,IR, TGA,and SEM techniques

Melamine–methylurea–formaldehyde (MMUF) polymer resin was prepared by condensation polymerization and the molecular weight was determined by viscometry. It was blended with dried starch and ethyl cellulose, and cellulose and hemicellulose‐rich teakwood and lignocellulose‐rich almond shell dried powders separately. The structural characterization of resin with ¹³C NMR and IR spectroscopy, and morphological studies on the resin and blends were undertaken with thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The micrographs of the starch and ethyl cellulose have found resemblance with pure resin while teakwood and almond powders have been found to differ in structure from starch and ethyl cellulose due to crack masks in the bulk structure. The different weight loss at different temperatures of the blends was observed, which proves that blending materials do control the weight loss of resin with TGA or curing. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 92: 3437–3446, 2004     

差示扫描量热法在原油蜡含量测定中的应用

我国原油含蜡量较高,蜡含量的测定为原油管道优化运行提供相关数据,保障原油管道安全运行。本文简单比较了三种原油蜡含量测定方法,重点对差示扫描量热法进行了详细阐述。利用差示扫描量热仪DSC822e进行比对试验,对差示扫描量热法在原油蜡含量测定中的准确性和重复性进行了验证,证明了差示扫描量热法在实际应用中的可靠性。     

The melting parameters of high-temperature nonmetallic nitrides

The ranges of temperatures and pressures for the existence of condensed boron, aluminum, and silicon nonmetallic nitrides in thermodynamic equilibrium with an ambient gas were calculated on the basis of reference data. The melting parameters of the high-temperature nitrides mentioned above were investigated experimentally in the nitrogen pressure range of 5–200 MPa. The 99% purity nitride samples were prepared in the form of 4 x 4-mm plates with a thickness of 1 mm. The surfaces of samples were heated with stationary laser beam and analyzed by X-ray technique. The brightness temperature of nonmetallic nitrides was measured at 0.633-µm wavelength using the optical pyrometry method. The apparent melting temperatures were found from the analysis of heating and cooling thermograms. Based on the available literature data on normal spectral emmissivity, the true melting temperatures of nonmetallic nitrides were estimated as 3370 K for BN, 3025 K for AIN, and 2775 K for Si₃N₄.