基于TRNSYS的茯砖茶生产工艺能源系统节能环保特性研究

茯砖茶发酵、干燥过程中，烘房内温湿度稳定性和能源系统低能耗是保证茯砖茶品质与成本的重要因素。本文采用TRNSYS仿真与实验研究相结合的方法，对咸阳某茯砖茶厂实际使用的空气源热泵系统进行建模，通过研究各季节典型代表月烘房温湿度的波动情况，确定该空气源热泵系统在全年的运行状态是否满足工艺要求，在此基础上，对比了该系统在全年可运行季节代表月与该生产厂房早期使用的燃气锅炉系统的能耗仿真结果，对空气源热泵系统的节能与环保特性进行研究。结果表明：由于夏季送风质量流量过大且室外空气含湿量较高，7月烘房温湿度不满足工艺要求。热泵系统在1、4、10月的总标煤消耗量的平均值是锅炉系统的44.42%，平均CO2、SO2、NOx排放量分别为锅炉系统的34.13%、44.1%、40.60%。在茯砖茶发酵、干燥的过程中，相比于燃气锅炉系统，空气源热泵系统具有更好的节能与环保特性。     

多矿物粘土基陶瓷地砖

以易熔粘土为基，并引入难熔粘土和熔剂成分，合成了地砖坯料。经研究确定，只要遵循一定的条件，是可以用上述原料生产出优质产品的。指出了制品结构和相组成的形成特点。     

石英砂的塑性机理研究

研究了石英砂的塑性并对其进行改善,得出石英砂颗粒大小、砖坯含水率、砖坯p H值和增塑剂含量对砖坯塑性的影响规律及机理,并且为利用石英砂而采用可塑成型去制备高性能的烧结砖探索出了合适的成型工艺条件:球磨时间24h、含水率为29%、坯料p H=9和增塑剂含量为5%。     

延长窑用耐火材料使用周期的措施

Φ5.8 m×97 m回转窑用耐火材料的使用周期太短,吨熟料碱性砖砖耗曾达3.0kg以上。从配置、施工、 使用维护和质量管理等方面采取措施后,2003年吨熟料碱性砖砖耗降到0.6kg左右。     

凝胶法片状莫来石粉的制备及应用

采用拟薄水铝石和非晶态超细SiO_2微粉为原料。以溶胶-凝胶工艺制取莫来石凝胶,通过干燥、煅烧研制得片状结晶莫来石粉。初步研究了凝胶法莫来石粉在钛酸铝陶瓷和烧结刚玉砖中的应用。实验结果表明:凝胶粉起到了促进烧结、降低烧成温度的作用,并使钛酸铝——莫来石复相陶瓷和刚玉砖的强度得到了显著提高。     

免烧粉煤灰制砖机液压驱动系统

为了推动我国制砖业的发展，提出了一种免烧粉煤灰制砖机的液压驱动系统，该系统利用输出力大，动作灵敏，实现过程无级调控的特点，再加上振动，使砖被压制成型。     

DRYING KINETICS DERIVED FROM DIFFUSION EQUATION WITH FLUX-TYPE BOUNDARY CONDITIONS

A novel approach to drying of both hygroscopic and non-hygroscopic capillary - porous materials is presented. The equations for drying kinetics are obtained, based on the analytical solution of the differential equation of diffusion with a boundary condition in the form of the flux. Theoretical drying curves generated form the model solution compare well with experimental literature data for drying of materials with different sorption properties exemplified by wool bobbins, brick slabs and corn kernels.     

ZB-4混凝土草芯砌块成型机的设计与开发

混凝土草芯砌块是符合新形势要求的、实用环保节能型墙体材料。ZB-4混凝土草芯砌块成型机采用液压驱动,砌块通过模压成型,免烧制,生产效率高。     

Ultrasound-assisted extrusion of construction ceramic samples

The conditions for a decrease in friction during ceramic brick production between a mixture and an extruder die under the influence of 20–30 kHz ultrasound applied to the die are calculated. An optimum design of a die used to mold 30 mm diameter cylindrical samples with a resonance in this frequency range is selected using computer modeling. From the results, a titanium die is fabricated and tested on a Verdes–050 (Spain) laboratory extruder using an ultrasonic magnetostrictive transducer with a power of 1.5 kW (Inlab-Ultrazvuk, Russia). A 12% reduction in extrusion pressure, a 20% acceleration of molding and a positive influence on the properties of the ceramics were found. The surface of the ceramic samples was covered by craters with diameters of approximately 10 µm due to the boiling of water, and the porosity of the main body of the samples decreased. This technique prevents the undesirable rapid drying of the surface when the samples exit the die and stabilizes the strength of the fired samples. The color remained unchanged, the water absorption decreased, the density, strength and resistance to frost increased. Ultrasonic extrusion increased the accuracy of the strength tests of construction ceramics, indicating the prospect of ultrasonic die development for industrial extruders for bricks, facing tiles and roof tiles.     

高掺量工业废渣陶瓷仿古砖坯料成形性能优化

研究了两个粉煤灰掺入量为70％的瓷质仿古砖坯的配方，配方中瘠性料分别达到了78％和83％，其中YL配方：粉煤灰70％，粘土22％，钾长石8％，烧成温度为1230℃，吸水率0．23％；ZXJ配方：粉煤灰70％，粘土17％，钾长石13％，T烧=1200℃，吸水率0．12％。但存在坯料球磨后的泥浆悬浮性不好，坯料成形性能较差的现象，选用了羧甲基纤维紊钠（CMC）、氯化聚乙烯（CPE）、硅酸钠三种添加剂，分析了各种添加剂对高掺量粉煤灰坯泥性状，成形性能，干坯强度的影响，以寻求提高坯料成形性能的最佳途径。