Prevalence and personality correlates of Facebook bullying among university undergraduates

The purpose of the present study was to examine the prevalence of cyber-bullying through Facebook in a sample of 226 Greek university undergraduates, and to explore whether big five personality characteristics, narcissism, as well as attitudes toward Facebook, technological knowledge and skills were predictive of such behavior. Participants completed a self-report questionnaire measuring the above constructs. Results indicated that almost one third of the sample reported Facebook bullying engagement at least once during the past month, with male students reporting more frequent involvement than females. Bullying through Facebook was predicted by low Agreeableness and more time spent on Facebook only for males, whereas for females none of the studied variables predicted engagement in Facebook bullying. Findings are discussed in terms of prevention and intervention strategies.     

Do problematic and non-problematic video game players differ in extraversion,trait empathy,social capital and prosocial tendencies?

The increasing popularity of online and multiplayer games has meant that for many, social interaction and cooperation are vital components of the gaming experience. Previous research has suggested that not only has this made gaming more attractive to socially oriented people but also that it may be socially beneficial in terms of social capital and prosocial behaviors. However, for problematic video game players (those showing signs of compulsive or detrimental video game use), this may not be the case, and a number of theories hold deficiencies in socializing in real life as central to the development of this issue. In the present study, an online questionnaire completed by 416 participants assessed problematic video game use, extraversion, trait empathy, online and offline social capital and prosocial tendencies. Contrary to hypotheses, non-problematic, problematic and non-gamers did not differ in empathy, extraversion or prosocial tendencies. Problematic video game play was, however, associated with significantly higher online social capital and lower offline social capital whereas non-problematic players demonstrated only higher online capital than non-players. This highlights the importance of social support but suggests personality is not an influential factor.     

Structural models of extraversion,communication, and team performance

We consider the degree to which the Five Factor Model characteristic of individual extraversion is predictive of the overall performance of dyadic teams. An Anti-Air Warfare Coordinator (AAWC) simulation is employed in an experimental environment wherein dyads are required to communicate key information to complete a series of tasks. Communication is monitored with respect to the number of utterances, number of words per utterance, and the durations of each utterance. Several structural equation models are considered to examine the direct and indirect effects of individual extraversion on team performance. Notably, the degree of extraversion did not directly affect team performance. However, there are several models that indicate significant relationships between extraversion and team performance with communications as mediators. The current results contribute to the literature by adding to our understanding of the mediating variables that exist within the personality–performance team dynamic.     

An American application of Eysenck's short neuroticism and extraversion scales.

"Eysenck's short neuroticism and extraversion scales were used in interviews with 180 American housewives. The scales proved to be uncorrelated with each other, even though both were significantly correlated with a measure of agreeing response set. The reliability of the neuroticism scale was .72; and of the extraversion scale, .41. Some differences between the present results and Eysenck's results were discussed." From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HF71W. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Personality and self reported mobile phone use

As the mobile phone supports interpersonal interaction, mobile phone use might be a function of personality. This study sought to predict amounts and types of mobile phone use from extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism and self-esteem. One hundred and twelve mobile phone owners reported on their use of their mobile phones, and completed the NEO-FFI and the Coopersmith self-esteem inventory. Extraverts reported spending more time calling, and changing ring tone and wallpaper, implying the use of the mobile phone as a means of stimulation. Extraverts and perhaps disagreeable individuals were less likely to value incoming calls. Disagreeable extraverts also reported using the mobile phone more, and spent more time adjusting ringtone/wallpaper. The neurotic, disagreeable, unconscientious and extroverted spent more time messaging using SMS. This study concludes that psychological theory can explain patterns of mobile phone use.     

A study of the relationship between narcissism,extraversion, drive for entertainment,and narcissistic behavior on social networking sites

As social networking sites are gaining popularity, the rise in narcissistic culture on theses sites are also documented. Literature suggests users' personality traits may be important factors leading people to engage in narcissistic behaviors. Using a national sample of Chinese adults, this study investigated the relationship between narcissism, extraversion, drive for entertainment and narcissistic behaviors on a Chinese social networking site, Wechat Moment. We also examined whether demographic variables and online time played a role in that dynamic. Results revealed that narcissism predicted exhibitionistic behaviors on Wechat Moment, ratings of one's profile picture and using an image of oneself as profile picture over and above extraversion and drive for entertainment controlling for online time and demographic variables. Contrary to our hypothesis, narcissism did not predict higher frequency of Wechat Moment posting over and above drive for entertainment and extraversion. Different sub-factors of narcissism also contributed differently to the variance of narcissistic behavior on SNS.     

Who attains social status? Effects of personality and physical attractiveness in social groups.

One of the most important goals and outcomes of social life is to attain status in the groups to which we belong. Such face-to-face status is defined by the amount of respect, influence, and prominence each member enjoys in the eyes of the others. Three studies investigated personological determinants of status in social groups (fraternity, sorority, and dormitory), relating the Big Five personality traits and physical attractiveness to peer ratings of status. High Extraversion substantially predicted elevated status for both sexes. High Neuroticism, incompatible with male gender norms, predicted lower status in men. None of the other Big Five traits predicted status. These effects were independent of attractiveness, which predicted higher status only in men. Contrary to previous claims, women's status ordering was just as stable as men's but emerged later. Discussion focuses on personological pathways to attaining status and on potential mediators. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Temperament and externalizing behavior: Social preference and perceived acceptance as protective factors.

The purpose of this study was to explore the role of social preference and perceived acceptance as moderators of the relation between child temperament and externalizing behavior. Participants included 399 children evaluated at pre-kindergarten and kindergarten assessments. Pre-kindergarten children characterized by high temperamental Surgency/Extraversion were more likely to exhibit hyperactivity and aggression in the kindergarten classroom. In addition, kindergarten perceived acceptance and social preference moderated the relation between pre-kindergarten Surgency/Extraversion and kindergarten hyperactivity for girls only. Girls who were characterized by high temperamental Surgency/Extraversion, high perceived acceptance, and low social preference were at risk for higher levels of teacher-reported and peer-nominated hyperactivity. In contrast, accurately high perceived acceptance was a protective factor for high temperamental Surgency/Extraversion. Findings are discussed in terms of risk and protective factors for externalizing behavior. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Effect of personality on the emotional response elicited by wines

Studies related to the measurement of the emotional response and its relationship with preferences and consumer behavior are gaining relevance in the last years. Some of them have highlighted the influence of individual factors, such as personality, on the evoked emotions. The current study examined the relationship between personality traits and the emotions elicited by different wine samples. Six wines were assessed by 175 consumers in terms of hedonic and emotional response, using 9-point scale and EsSense25 respectively. Consumers were clustered into four personality segments according to their personality traits which were determined using the Big Five Inventory method. Results showed an association between the psychological profile and the elicited emotions. A strong effect of personality on the emotional response elicited by the wine samples was found on 14 emotions. In addition, a significant effect was found for six emotions when studying the sample effect. The main relationships between personality and emotions were found in two consumers’ segments: G1 characterized by higher ratings on the Neuroticism dimension, was more related to negative emotions than G4. On the contrary, G4, defined by higher ratings on Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Consciousness, was more related to positive emotions than G1. No significant interactions between wine and personality were identified, meaning that the effect of personality did not change significantly across wines. Splitting the consumers’ panel depending on their personality profile allowed obtaining a deeper overview and a further understanding of the emotions evoked by wines.     

Correction to Lennox and Wolfe.

In the article, "Revision of the Self-Monitoring Scale," by Richard D. Lennox and Raymond N. Wolfe (Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1984, Vol. 46, No. 6, 1349-1364), an error appears on p. 1358, left-hand column, line 6 of text. The word Neuroticism is incorrect; it should be Extraversion. Thus the first full sentence on p. 13S8 should read as follows: But ability to modify self-presentation yields a pattern different from that of the other two subscales: It is significantly related to EPQ Extraversion, whereas the other two are not, and it is not significantly related to EPQ Neuroticism or to fear of negative evaluation, whereas the other two are. (The following abstract of this article originally appeared in record 1984-27678-001) The 1st of 4 studies using a total of 732 undergraduates revealed that M. Snyder's (see record 1975-03047-001) self-monitoring scale exhibits a stable factor structure that does not correspond to the 5-component theoretical structure he presents. Sets of face-valid items that better approximate the theoretical structure are described (Studies 2-4). Correlations between these sets of items and measures of other constructs revealed that 4 of the 5 components are positively related to social anxiety. Effective social interaction is supposedly the high self-monitor's forte, and social anxiety appears to be incompatible with this. The correlational results therefore question the entire theory and indicate the need for a narrower definition of the construct. Adopting such a definition from Synder's review article (1979), the authors present a 13-item revised self-monitoring scale that measures only sensitivity to the expressive behavior of others and ability to modify self-presentation. A 20-item concern for appropriateness scale is also described, which measures 2 variables that are directly associated with social anxiety--cross-situational variability and attention to social comparison information. Both scales had acceptable internal consistency, and both yielded 2 subscale scores as well as a total score. Prospective users of either scale are advised to treat the 3 scores separately. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)