FGH97合金的显微组织

结合FGH97合金的制备工艺,采用显微组织观察等手段,对合金的显微组织进行了分析研究与讨论,结果表明,直接热等静压成形的FGH97合金的晶粒组织均匀,晶粒度为6～7级;合金中的Hf元素对减少合金中的原始颗粒边界(PPB)有着显著作用,同时,Hf元素会进入γ'相和碳化物,提高γ'相的强度和碳化物的稳定性;合金的显微组织具有弯晶特点,这对合金的塑性和韧性非常重要.     

Characterization of the prior particle boundaries in a powder metallurgy Ti_2AlNb alloy

Ti_2 AlNb-based alloy powder metallurgy(PM) compacts were prepared via hot isostatic pressing(HIP)under relatively low temperature(920 and 980℃) and at certain pressure(130 MPa).The microstructure,composition and orientation of B2,α_2 and O phases in the compacts were characterized and analyzed with an aim to investigate the effect of unsuitable HIPping parameters on the appearance of prior particle boundary(PPB),which seriously affects the mechanical properties of the alloy.The results show that more α_2 phase is the characteristics of the PPB in Ti_2AlNb-based alloy when HIPped at relatively low temperature.Increasing HIPping temperature to the upper part of the two-phase region can effectively inhibit the formation of PPB.Electron backscatter diffraction measurements show the specific orientation relationship between phases,which helps us understand the origin of a2 and O phase and the corresponding transformation path.The HIPping at a higher temperature can weaken the micro-texture intensity of the α_2 and O phase due to the increase of misorientation in B2 phase.The α_2 phase at cell wall keeps the Burgers orientation relationship(BOR) with the grain on one side,and does not satisfy the BOR with the other.It is found that some O phase variants inside the cell HIPped at 980℃ can only maintain α_2-O OR with α_2 owing to the α_2→O phase transformation forming the O phase,while these O variants deviate from B2-O OR with B2 phase.     

LNG: An eco-friendly cryogenic fuel for sustainable development

As the demand of natural gas has sharply increased in the last two decades at the global level, the transportation of natural gas from different parts (gas producing to the consuming areas) of the world has become more significant. Liquefaction of natural gas provides a safer and economical alternative for transportation and also increases its storage capabilities. The liquefaction process requires the natural gas to be cooled using various methods of cryogenic processes and also be depressurized to atmospheric conditions for easier and safer storage. LNG transported in cryogenic vessels offers several advantages over pipeline transport of natural gas especially when the gas consuming areas are far away from the gas producing areas. Moreover, LNG as an automobile fuel has a definite edge over other fuels.     

Non-linear systems in Hilbert resolution spaces†

The setting of Hilbert resolution spaces is used to explore the properties of nonlinear functions. Natural generalizations of the properties; causality, dissipativity, passivity, and scattering are formulated and interrelationships explored.     

基于Zernike矩的快速PPB相干斑抑制算法

应用非局部均值算法到SAR图像相干斑抑制中时存在计算量大、图像自相似性利用不足等缺点,严重制约该类算法的实际应用.针对该问题,提出一种SAR图像快速PPB滤波算法.给出基于积分图的PPB快速算法,引入Zemike矩构造一种图块相似性度量,利用Cosmo实测SAR数据进行实验.实验结果表明,该算法提高了图像自相似特征利用率,显著改善了滤波效果.     

Robust adaptive tracking control of an underactuated ship with guaranteed transient performance

In this paper, a robust adaptive controller for a underactuated ship is proposed to make the ship follow a predefined path with guaranteed transient performance and arbitrarily small steady-state position error and orientation error, despite the presence of environmental disturbances induced by wave, wind and ocean current and unknown system parameters. We design a new adaptive state feedback controller and parameter estimators to guarantee converging exponentially by assuming all states are available. It is shown that the mean-square tracking errors are of order of an arbitrarily small design parameter, and the position error and the orientation error also decrease at a pre-specified exponential rate. Simulations with a commercial monohull ship using Matlab also demonstrate the effectiveness of the controllers.     

基于聚类分析和旋转的改进的SAR图像PPB去斑

PPB滤波器不能在滤波过程中对参与滤波的像素块进行有效的选择并具有不适宜的权重计算方式,从而导致滤波后的图像抑制了原图中尺寸较小的图像细节.针对以上问题,首先引入簇树这一数据结构,选取与PPB滤波器相同的距离准则构建簇树,以实现对图像块的快速、精确的筛选.然后通过旋转像素块重新定义两个像素块之间的权重,解决原始的PPB滤波器对图像中旋转的或镜像的重复区域不能很好利用的问题.最后采用PPB滤波器的非迭代滤波方式进行滤波.实验证明,改进的滤波器在纹理和细节保持方面较原滤波器有显著的提高,特别是在尺寸较小的图像细节特征保持方面.     

Approach to accident management in RBMK-1500

In order to ensure the safe operation of the nuclear power plants accident management programs are being developed around the world. These accident management programs cover the whole spectrum of accidents, including severe accidents. A lot of work is done to investigate the severe accident phenomena and implement severe accident management in NPPs with vessel-type reactors, while less attention is paid to channel-type reactors CANDU and RBMK.Ignalina NPP with RBMK-1500 reactor has implemented symptom based emergency operation procedures, which cover management of accidents until the core damage and do not extend to core damage region. In order to ensure coverage of the whole spectrum of accidents and meet the requirements of IAEA the severe accident management guidelines have to be developed.This paper presents the basic principles and approach to management of beyond design basis accidents at Ignalina NPP. In general, this approach could be applied to NPPs with RBMK-1000 reactors that are available in Russia, but the design differences should be taken into account.     

"黑粉"对PM镍基粉末高温合金组织性能的影响

研究了用等离子旋转电极(PREP)工艺生产的镍基高温合金粉末中发现的"黑粉"及其对PM合金中形成原始颗粒边界(PPB)等异常组织,并在力学试验中造成颗粒间断裂和对性能的影响.分析了"黑粉"形成的原因,提出了控制和防止出现"黑粉"的可行性措施.     

PPB对镍基粉末高温合金裂纹扩展速率的影响

摘 要: 研究了直接热等静压（As-HIP）成形的一种镍基粉末高温合金中原始颗粒边界（PPB）对其裂纹扩展行为的影响。结果表明,粉末高温合金中的原始颗粒边界上析出的碳、氧化物会导致断裂韧性(KIC值)降低,使界面极易萌生裂纹;在裂纹扩展过程中发生沿颗粒间断开,改变扩展棱的走向,并加剧裂纹沿晶界扩展,使裂纹扩展速率增快;沿原始颗粒边界扩展的裂纹尖端的断裂韧度与边界析出物的物理性质、数量、尺寸密切相关,析出物排列越密集,KIC值越小,会加速裂纹在这些薄弱区扩展。