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排序方式: 共有255条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
应用静态吸附、动态吸附、程序升温脱附和程序升温还原等实验方法,考察了噻吩在Ni基非晶态合金上的吸附和脱附行为。常温下,噻吩分子首先吸附在清洁的Ni表面,并立刻被活化,发生氢解反应,C-S键断裂,释放出烃类部分,S留在Ni原子上。噻吩可以在Ni基非晶态合金表面发生强度不同的化学吸附。弱化学吸附的噻吩可以脱附;强化学吸附的噻吩不会脱附,而在高温下发生氢解反应。 相似文献
2.
Gas-phase selective oxidation of toluene has been carried out on vanadium oxide systems (5–20 wt.% of V2O5, equivalent to 0.4–1.7 theoretical monolayers) supported on TiO2–sepiolite (with titania loading around the theoretical monolayer, 12 wt.%) and on sepiolite. A study has been made on both the influence of vanadia loading and of the support on the catalytic behaviour of the supported vanadium systems. The reducibility by H2 TPR was also studied as well as the acid and basic/redox sites from the results of conversion of the 2-propanol test reaction of the solids. Benzaldehyde, benzoic acid and several coupling products were the main ones detected, attaining over 50% selectivity towards the benzaldehyde and benzoic acid products at a total conversion around 10%. The activity and selectivity to the selective products exhibited by vanadium systems supported on mixed support were superior to those exhibited by the systems supported on sepiolite and increased notably in both series with the increase in vanadium loading. The best catalytic behaviour exhibited by the vanadium systems supported on mixed support, which also exhibited the highest density of sites capable of being reduced (as well as their reducibility) and of those responsible for propanone formation, could be attributed not only to the different balance of the vanadia species existing in the two supports (monomeric + oligomeric/polymeric), but also to such other factors as the nature of the support and, concretely, its chemical composition. 相似文献
3.
Y. Yoshimura T. Sato H. Shimada N. Matsubayashi M Imamura A. Nishijima M. Higo S. Yoshitomi 《Catalysis Today》1996,29(1-4):221-228
Nickel-tungstate/γ-alumina (NiW) catalysts were prepared by an incipient wetness impregnation method using citric acid as a complexing agent. Citric acid has been used by our research group in preparing cobalt-molybdate and nickel -molybdate catalysts. The extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) data of the impregnating solutions indicated that citric acid contributes to the formation of polytungstate anions that are smaller than the dodecatungstate ions formed when conventional ammoniacal solutions are used. Sulfided NiW catalysts prepared by using citric acid showed higher hydrogenation activity and hydrogenation selectivity than NiW catalysts prepared using the conventional ammoniacal solutions. 相似文献
4.
The role of Ag in simultaneously catalyzing NO reduction and C3H6 oxidation was shown to be strongly dependent on the redox properties of its local environment. Under an atmosphere of 1,000 ppm
NO, 3,000 ppm C3H6, and 1% O2 and a GHSV of 30,000 h−1, a perovskite La0.88Ag0.12FeO3 prepared by reactive grinding is active giving a complete NO conversion and 92% C3H6 conversion at 500 °C. These values are much higher than the NO conversion of 55% and C3H6 conversion of 45% obtained over a 3 wt.% Ag/Al2O3 catalyst under the same conditions. Under an excess of oxygen (10% O2) a good SCR performance with a plateau of N2 yield above 97% over a wide temperature window of 350–500 °C along with C3H6 conversion of 90% at 500 °C was observed over Ag/Al2O3, while minor N2 yields (∼10% at 250–350 °C) and high C3H6 conversions (reaching ∼100% at 450 °C) were obtained over La0.88Ag0.12FeO3. Abundant molecular oxygen is desorbed from Ag substituted perovskite after 10% O2 adsorption as verified by O2- temperature programmed desorption (TPD). This reflects the strongly oxidative properties of La0.88Ag0.12FeO3, which lead to a satisfactory NO reduction at 1% O2 due to the ease of nitrate formation but to a significant C3H6 combustion above that value. The formation of nitrate species over the less oxidizing Ag/Al2O3 was accelerated under an excess of oxygen resulting in an excellent lean NO reduction behavior. The redox properties of silver
catalysts could be adjusted via mixing perovskite with alumina for an optimal elimination of both NO and C3H6 over the whole range of oxygen concentration between 0 to 10%. 相似文献
5.
Borgna A. Le Normand F. Garetto T. Apesteguia C. R. Moraweck B. 《Catalysis Letters》1992,13(3):175-188
The effect of an oxidative atmosphere (300 °C) is studied on fresh and sintered unchlorinated naphtha reforming catalysts containing 0.6–1% Pt. The TPR profiles show that only one species is formed using our experimental conditions, regardless of the mean crystallite size of the metal particles. The structural information supplied by EXAFS compared with cuboctahedral particle modeling, implies that such species is a surface platinum oxide, the structure of which is close to that of PtO2, but largely distorted. This is true whether the catalyst is sintered or not. 相似文献
6.
Isothermal storage of NO2 and subsequent reduction with different reducing agents (H2, CO or H2 + CO) in a lean NO
x
trap catalyst was tested by Temperature Programmed Desorption (TPD) and Temperature Programmed Reduction (TPR) experiments
at temperatures representative of automotive “cold-start” conditions (<200 °C) using a commercial NO
x
trap catalyst.
Results from the TPR experiments revealed that no reduction of stored NO2 to N2 was observed at 100–180 °C, and at 200 °C 10% reduction only of NO2 to N2 was measured.
A special affinity of H2 to form NH3 was observed during the reduction of stored NO2. The formation of NH3 increases with increasing amount of stored NO2 and decreases with increasing storage temperature. Direct relation exists between the amount of adsorbed and/or stored NO2 and the formation of H2O and NH3. 相似文献
7.
Meso-porous Al2O3-supported Ni catalysts exhibited the highest activity, stability and excellent coke-resistance ability for CH4 reforming with CO2 among several oxide-supported Ni catalysts (meso-porous Al2O3 (Yas1-2, Yas3-8), -Al2O3, -Al2O3, SiO2, MgO, La2O3, CeO2 and ZrO2). The properties of deposited carbons depended on the properties of the supports, and on the meso-porous Al2O3-supported Ni catalyst, only the intermediate carbon of the reforming reaction formed. XRD and H2-TPR analysis found that mainly spinel NiAl2O4 formed in meso-porous Al2O3 and -Al2O3-supported catalysts, while only NiO was detected in -Al2O3, SiO2, CeO2, La2O3 and ZrO2 supports. The strong interaction between Ni and meso-porous Al2O3 improved the dispersion of Ni, retarded its sintering and improved the activated adsorption of CO2. The coking reaction via CH4 temperature-programed decomposition indicated that meso-porous Al2O3-supported Ni catalysts were less active for carbon formation by CH4 decomposition than Ni/-Al2O3 and Ni/-Al2O3. 相似文献
8.
Tatjana Rades Chanho Pak Michèle Polisset-Thfoin Ryong Ryoo Jacques Fraissard 《Catalysis Letters》1994,29(1-2):91-103
NaY-supported bimetallic Pt-Pd catalysts have been studied by TEM, TPR and EXAFS. Small, randomly mixed particles are formed in the zeolite cages. When the Pt content is increased, a Pt core structure appears and the dispersion increases. Particle diameters are about 1–2 nm for bimetallic samples. 相似文献
9.
D. Andreeva P. Petrova J.W. Sobczak L. Ilieva M. Abrashev 《Applied catalysis. B, Environmental》2006,67(3-4):237-245
New gold–molybdena catalysts supported on ceria and ceria–alumina in reaction of complete benzene oxidation were studied. The catalysts were characterized by means of XRD, TPR, XPS and Raman spectroscopy. High and stable catalytic activity was established in the temperature region 200–240 °C. The presence of gold causes a modification in ceria structure leading to an increase of Ce3+ and oxygen vacancies formation. The loading of Al3+ increases additionally the oxygen vacancies, while a tendency of decrease of Ce3+ amount was observed. The presence of alumina results also in a larger share of active oxygen species proved by analysis of O 1s XPS spectra. The differences in the activities within the starting temperature range (150–180 °C) and in the region of 100% conversion (200–240 °C) could be explained by supposing that in the LT region the electron transfer between nanosized gold and ceria particles via oxygen vacancies has a crucial role. In the HT region the oxygen mobility, provoked by the defective structure of ceria due to the presence of Al3+, becomes of prevailing importance. It was also concluded that alumina prevents the gold and ceria agglomeration, which is the main factor to avoid deactivation under extreme reaction conditions. 相似文献
10.
Nianxue Song Colin Rhodes David W. Johnson Graham J. Hutchings 《Catalysis Letters》2005,102(3-4):271-279
Temperature programmed reduction (TPR) and oxidation (TPO) are used extensively in catalyst characterisation. In this paper, we examine the use of TPR/TPO cycles for the characterisation of a range of molybdates and single oxides. In particular we observe that the first cycle differs from that of subsequent analyses, even when the maximum temperature is limited to that used in the catalytic reaction. The effect is independent of heating rates and cooling atmospheres and has been demonstrated using different bed configurations. This observation has significance when these oxides are used in periodic flow reactors that involve many cyclical reduction/oxidation. 相似文献