飞机撞击下高温气冷堆乏燃料厂房损伤研究

本文针对典型高温气冷堆乏燃料厂房在双发商用飞机撞击载荷下的响应及结构完整性开展研究，并探讨结构特性对撞击损伤的影响。对乏燃料厂房及飞机分别建立有限元模型，通过弹体-目标相互作用分析模拟了飞机撞击过程，综合IAEA与NRC的评价准则对乏燃料厂房在飞机撞击下的损伤程度进行评估。数值结果表明：厂房上对应于机身及发动机的撞击位置发生可接受的局部损伤；乏燃料贮存井墙体对于提高构筑物抗飞机撞击能力有重要作用。此外，构筑物外形对损伤有很大影响，圆柱形壳体的抗飞机撞击能力显著强于方形厂房，是核电厂厂房设计的优化方向之一。     

未来航空润滑油基础油

介绍了未来航空涡轮发动机对润滑油性能的要求:在260,-54℃时,试样运动黏度分别大于1.0 mm2/s和小于15 000 mm2/s,热氧化安定性温度为260~427℃。该要求已超出了目前使用的酯类润滑油所能承受的最大极限。为了满足要求,需开发全氟聚醚、改性硅油、聚苯醚、C-型醚、氟醚三嗪及环三磷偶氮润滑油基础油,它们的使用温度依次为:-34~316,-60~260,5~288,-29~260,-30~343,-15~343℃。     

浅析绞车盘式刹车与自动送钻系统

阐述了2种典型盘式刹车和2种典型的绞车结构形式;分析了国产绞车、盘式刹车的现状和存在的问题;提出了绞车和自动送钻改进意见和科研攻关重点,对今后钻机更新时绞车和盘式刹车结构改进、提高国产钻机的性能和质量,具有一定的启发和指导作用。     

喷气客机涡轮风扇发动机的振动诊断与改进

通过动态分析和现场测试对一喷气客机的发动机振动作出诊断，发现涡轮叶轮的变柔导致其极转动惯量显著下降，因而改变发动机的动态特性，使其临界转速接近飞机的巡航转速，产生不应有的振动和噪声。文章提出了具体改进方案，已为研制单位采用。     

基于Shannon熵的飞机交流发电机振动分析

飞机交流发电机是飞机关键部件之一,监测其健康状况具有重要意义。通过设计实验数据获取平台采集交流发电机在转速上升(从6000转/分到8500转/分)、平稳运行(7500转/分)及转速下降(8500转/分到6000转/分)三个阶段的振动信号,利用符号序列Shannon熵的计算方法以及符号化方法设定合适参数对振动信号进行了处理,得出了交流发电机在三个阶段的振动信号的Shannon熵;通过初步的分析表明,交流发电机在正常状态下三个阶段的Shannon熵都比较有规律的在一定范围内变化,一旦发生振动异常将会引起Shannon熵突变;经过分析讨论,Shannon熵的突变与否是可以用来反映交流发电机在机械方面是否存在故障隐患的。     

Auditory signals in military aircraft: ergonomics principles versus practice

The complete ensembles of auditory signals in selected USAF aircraft (the F-4D, F-15, two models of the F-16, the C-5, and the C-141) are described and evaluated. Human factors research related to the design of speech and non-speech auditory signals is reviewed. Major findings are: that auditory signals are not well standardised among the aircraft, even between those with similar combat roles; that a relatively large number of non-speech auditory signals are used, which may make it difficult for the aircrew to recall the meanings of all the signals; that some non-speech signals are sufficiently similar that they may be confused, particularly in high workload and stressful conditions; and that the criticality of the warnings is not reliably indicated by any characteristic of the signals. Four problem areas requiring further research are discussed: reduction of signal loudness, enhancement of the distinctiveness and masking resistance of non-speech signals, effects of concurrent warning signals on aircrew performance, and additional uses of auditory information.     

Advanced concepts flight simulation facility

The cockpit environment is changing rapidly. New technology allows airborne computerised information, flight automation and data transfer with the ground. By 1995, not only will the pilot's task have changed, but also the tools for doing that task. To provide knowledge and direction for these changes, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the Lockheed-Georgia Company have completed three identical Advanced Concepts Flight Simulation Facilities.

Many advanced features have been incorporated into the simulators — e g, cathode ray tube (CRT) displays of flight and systems information operated via touch-screen or voice, print-outs of clearances, cockpit traffic displays, current databases containing navigational charts, weather and flight plan information, and fuel-efficient autopilot control from take-off to touchdown. More importantly, this cockpit is a versatile test bed for studying displays, controls, procedures and crew management in a full-mission context. The facility also has an air traffic control simulation, with radio and data communications, and an outside visual scene with variable weather conditions. These provide a veridical flight environment to evaluate accurately advanced concepts in flight stations.     

全电飞机用外转子SPMSM机壳结构轻量化设计

随着全电飞机大量使用,如何实现电机轻量化、提高功率密度从而满足更高性能要求,逐渐成为研究热门问题。以一台全电飞机用外转子表贴式永磁同步电机（SPMSM）为研究对象,基于有限元仿真对6063t6铝合金和钢2种材质下静态力学场进行了分析,确定选用更为轻质的6063t6铝合金材料。在安全系数为10的前提下,轻量化设计端盖厚度2 mm、机壳厚度5 mm。提出了一种镂空式机壳结构,并配合“蟹钳”式加强筋,成功将该结构的安全系数由5.5提高到10以上,优化后机壳成功减重51.92%。对比分析“蟹钳”式与“一字型”加强筋结构,验证了“蟹钳”式加强筋的优越性。结构优化后的电机,既满足轻量化设计又满足可靠运行要求。     

人工鱼群—粒子群混合算法优化进港航班排序

针对空中交通管理中的进港航班排序问题, 提出了人工鱼群—粒子群混合算法(AFPSO)这一航班排序算法来优化进港航班排序, 使时段内进港航班队列总延误时间最少。算法结合了基本人工鱼群算法(AFSA)和基本粒子群算法(PSO)各自的优点, 先以AFSA在全局寻找满意的解域, 再以PSO算法在这些解域中进行快速的局部搜索获得精确解, 最终使算法提高收敛速度和搜索精度。仿真结果表明, 在单跑道和双跑道情况下, AFPSO算法使得航班队列总延误时间比FCFS调度方法减少了20. 9%和34. 4%, 比基本AFSA减少了3. 2%和3. 5%。算法得到的满意解能够为自动化空中交通管理提供实时支持。     

飞机碱性电瓶充放电参数测量仪的设计与研究

电瓶是民航飞机可靠供电的最后保证。飞机制造厂家提高了对电瓶的性能和容量检测要求,传统的电瓶充放电装置已经无法满足新的要求。利用单片机技术研制的飞机电瓶参数测试仪,实现了对电瓶各种参数的实时侧量和分析,为飞机电瓶维护和检测提供依据。