Organic Semiconducting Luminophores for Near-Infrared Afterglow,Chemiluminescence, and Bioluminescence Imaging

Optical imaging has played a pivotal role in deciphering in vivo bioinformatics but is limited by shallow penetration depth and poor imaging performance owing to interfering tissue autofluorescence induced by concurrent photoexcitation. The emergence of near-infrared (NIR) self-luminescence imaging independent of real-time irradiation has timely addressed these problems. There are two main kinds of self-luminescent agents, namely inorganic and organic luminophores. Inorganic luminophores usually suffer from long-term biotoxicity concerns resulting from potential heavy-metal ions leakage and nonbiodegradability, which hinders their further translational application. In contrast, organic luminophores, especially organic semiconducting luminophores (OSLs) with good biodegradable potential, tunable design, and outstanding optical properties, are preferred in biological applications. This review summarizes the recent progress of OSLs used in NIR afterglow, chemiluminescence, and bioluminescence imaging. Molecular manipulation and nanoengineering approaches of OSLs are discussed, with emphasis on strategies that can extend the emission wavelength from visible to NIR range and amplify luminescence signals. This review concludes with a discussion of current challenges and possible solutions of OSLs in the self-luminescence field.     

光度法测定金属表面处理溶液中的磷

采用光度法直接测定金属磷酸盐处理溶液中的磷，磷量在0～50ug／50mL内符合比耳定律。此法特点快速、简便、显色稳定性好、选择性强，回收率为98．00％～102．00％。     

Effects of the International Temperature Scale of 1990 (ITS-90) on CIE Documentary Standards for Radiometry,Photometry, and Colorimetry

The differences between ITS-90 and IPTS-68 above 1235 K are described. It is shown that none of the following CIE definitions or recommendations require revision because of the introduction of the ITS-90: International Lighting Vocabulary definitions; CIE Standard Illuminants A, D₆₅, other illuminants; and sources for realizing CIE Illuminants. The effect of the ITS-90 on previously calibrated sources for realizing CIE illuminants is negligibly small.²     

Radical scavenging activity of canola hull phenolics

Possible use of canola hulls as a source of natural anti-oxidants was explored. Cyclone canola hulls were extracted with methanol (30 to 80%, vol/vol) and acetone (30 to 80%, vol/vol). The free radical-scavenging activity of phenolic extracts so prepared was evaluated using the 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS) radical ion (ABTS^o−), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, and chemiluminescence assays. The total content of phenolics in prepared extracts from canola hulls ranged from 15 to 136 mg sinapic acid equivalents per gram of extract. Higher levels of condensed tannins were detected in the acetone extracts than in the corresponding methanolic counterparts. Seventy and 80% (vol/vol) acetone extracts displayed markedly stronger antioxidant activity than any of the other extracts investigated. Statistically significant linear correlations were found between TEAC (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity) values (expressed in mM of Trolox equivalents per gram of extract) and total pehnolics, TEAC and total condensed tannins (i.e., determined using the modified vanillin and pronthocyanidin assays), as well as TEAC and protein precipitation activity of phenolic extracts (i.e., measured using the dye-labeled assay). The antioxidant activities of extracts as determined by the ABTS^o− radical ion assay correlated highly with those of the chemiluminescence and DPPH radical assays.     

药物抗氧化作用对DNA发光动力学行为的影响

本文应用ＣｕＳＯ４－Ｐｈｅｎ－Ｖｃ－Ｈ２Ｏ２－ＤＮＡ化学发光体系观察药物对发光动力学行为的影响，研究了九种药物对ＤＮＡ损伤的保护作用，并对其药物结构对抗氧化能力的影响进行了分析。发现药物在该系统中的抗氧化作用有三种类型，提示它们可能在体内不同的反应过程中起不同的作用。在该系统中具有抑制ＤＮＡ损伤发光能力的药物，按其作用强弱依次为阿魏酸、丹参素、芦丁，茶多酚、ＳＯＤ、、丹参酮Ⅱ－Ａ，丹皮酚，五味子乙     

火焰光度法测定氧化铝中的氧化钠

氧化铝原料纯度高,熔点高,不被氢氟酸—硫酸所分解,但能迅速熔解于热的硫—磷混酸溶液中。控制溶液中硫—磷混酸的浓度,并在氧化钠系列标准溶液中配入等量的硫—磷混酸,即可在火焰光度计上直接测量氧化钠的含量。     

光度法测定试剂级氟化物和氟酸盐中铁的研究

提出以硼酸作为解蔽剂，ＦｅｒｅｎｅＳ作显色剂，直接测定氟化和氟酸盐中杂质铁量的方法。     

无机片状微晶对化学光源发光效率的影响研究

以双（2,4,5-三氯-6-正丁烷氧羰基苯基）草酸酯（简称CPPO）和红色荧光剂罗丹明B组成的过氧草酸酯类化学发光体系为研究对象,从粒径、用量和种类的角度讨论了分散剂云母等对体系发光效率的影响．结果表明,添加30μm云母50mg后,体系的发光寿命、强度均显著增加,发光效率较高。     

用1，10－二氮杂菲分光光度法测定沉淀法白炭黑中的铁含量

提出并研究了使用１，１０－二氮杂菲分光光度法测定沉淀法白炭黑中铁含量的分析方法。其具体步骤为：首先用氢氟酸处理试样，使沉淀法白炭黑（二氧化硅）转化成四氟化硅气体逸出。而后在ｐＨ为４～５条件下，用盐酸羟胺处理剂将残留液中的三价铁离子还原成二价铁离子，加入１，１０－二氮杂菲显色剂（与二价铁离子反应可生成橙红色络合物），再用分光光度法测定其中的铁含量。实验表明，本方法原理可靠，分析步骤简便，抗铜、锰离子干扰性强，精密度与准确度较高。     

化学发光材料双(2,4,6-三氯苯基)草酸酯的合成

草酸酯是过氧草酸酯类化学发光所必需的一种要素化合物，作者合成了一种能提供高强度化学发光的草酸酯即双（２，４，６ 三氯苯基）草酸酯，并以质谱验证了结构。