云南甜茶中总黄酮的提取及其抗过敏活性研究

采用正交实验确定云南甜茶中总黄酮的最佳提取工艺条件为:在85℃下,固液比为1∶25,70%乙醇回流提取4次,提取时间60min。抗过敏实验表明甜茶提取液对透明质酸酶有较强的抑制作用,并得到甜茶提取液的抗过敏剂量——效应关系。     

樟树籽仁油对高脂诱导型肥胖小鼠体脂和血脂水平的影响

采用不同樟树籽仁油(CCSKO)含量的高脂饲料干预营养型肥胖小鼠,研究高脂饲料中樟树籽仁油的含量对樟树籽仁油降低营养型肥胖小鼠体脂和血脂效果的影响。正常C57BL/6小鼠饲喂基础饲料作为正常对照组(NC组),同时采用高脂饲料诱发C57BL/6小鼠产生营养型肥胖。将肥胖小鼠随机分为基础饲料恢复组(NR组)、高脂猪油组(HF组)、含21. 91%CCSKO(CCSKO替换25%猪油)的高脂饲料组(HF-25%CCSKO组)、含43. 83%CCSKO(CCSKO替换50%猪油)的高脂饲料组(HF-50%CCSKO组)、含87. 66%CCSKO(CCSKO替换100%猪油)的高脂饲料组(HF-100%CCSKO组),连续喂养10周,测定小鼠体重、体长、腹部脂肪质量及血清相关生化指标,分析肝脏组织切片。结果表明:HF-50%CCSKO组、HF-100%CCSKO组的体重、腹部脂肪质量和血清ALT、AST水平比HF组显著降低,HF-100%CCSKO组的TC、LDL-C、LDL-C/HDL-C水平比HF组显著降低。HF-50%CCSKO组的TC、LDL-C、LDL-C/HDL-C水平与HF组相比,呈现下降趋势。肝脏组织切片显示,HF-50%CCSKO组、HF-100%CCSKO组可减少营养型肥胖小鼠肝脏的脂肪积累,减轻肝细胞脂变程度。CCSKO减少营养型肥胖小鼠体内脂肪积蓄、降低血脂水平效应与高脂饲料中CCSKO含量即CCSKO替换猪油的量呈正相关性。只有当高脂饲料中CCSKO替代猪油量大于等于50%即CCSKO含量大于等于43. 83%时,CCSKO才能显著减少营养型肥胖小鼠体内脂肪沉积、减轻体重、降低血脂水平、修复猪油等LCTs造成的肝脏损伤。CCSKO为天然癸酸月桂酸类MCTs,与辛酸癸酸类MCTs相比较,其减少营养型肥胖小鼠体内脂肪积蓄、降低血脂水平的作用机制,可能既有相同之处,也有不同之处。     

Computer-controlled drug doses for IV drug self-administration.

This report describes a novel procedure for computer-controlled drug-dose determination for IV drug self-administration studies. By modifying the duration of each infusion of a single concentration of a drug solution, five or more unit doses (mg/kg/inj) can be dispensed from the same syringe. The advantages of this procedure include the following: (a) it is not necessary to prepare a new syringe for each dose change, (b) the sterility of the IV catheter line is broken less often and, (c) the confounding effect of flushing through the catheter line with the previous drug dose is avoided. This procedure is accurate and reliable and can be applied to multiple sessions of any duration across days or weeks. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

PFOA和 PFOS对青海弧菌Q67的毒性作用评估

以淡水发光菌———青海弧菌（Vibrio qinghaiensis sp.-Q67）为检测生物,应用VeritasTM微板光度计分别测定了全氟辛酸（PFOA）和全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS）对Q67的毒性效应。结果表明：全氟辛酸为典型的S型剂量－效应关系,利用Weibull非线性函数进行曲线模拟,模拟函数可以有效估计化合物的半抑制毒性效应值EC50。全氟辛烷磺酸对Q67的毒性为非单调的U 型剂量－效应关系,运用最优权重理论和三次曲线回归方法,通过SPSS统计软件对剂量－效应曲线进行拟合,得到其三次回归曲线方程。结果表明：在浓度介于（5.031E－4）～（7.133E－3）mol／L ,全氟辛烷磺酸对Q67毒性效应为自稳态区域,表现为Q67的发光强度增强,即在低浓度作用条件下,PFOA对Q67的毒性表现为抑制作用,而PFOS则表现为刺激兴奋作用。     

Models of Psychotherapy Outcome: Are They Applicable in Training Clinics?

To explore whether psychotherapy models are applicable in the training clinic setting, the dose-effect model of psychotherapy outcome was tested in the outpatient clinic of an American Psychological Association-approved doctoral training program in clinical psychology. Outcome data, using the Outcome Questionnaire 45.2, were gathered immediately prior to each psychotherapy session during the course of treatment (mean total number of sessions: 14.81). Sixty-one clients, treated by 21 trainee clinicians, participated. Although a similar pattern emerged, response to treatment was not as rapid as the dose-effect model would predict. Ideas for future research are proposed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

豆腐果苷衍生物W0620实验性抗抑郁作用量效关系研究

目的: 观察豆腐果苷衍生物W0620 对悬尾小鼠不动时间的影响并初步探讨其剂量与效应关系。方法: 应用行为绝望抑郁模型———小鼠悬尾实验研究不同剂量W0620 对实验小鼠不动时间的影响, 同时应用小鼠自主活动实验观察不同剂量W0620 对中枢兴奋作用的影响。结果: 5.91 、17.73 、53.20 、159.60 mg /kg 4 个剂量组对小鼠自主活动均无影响(P >0.05), 17.73 、53.20 、159.60 mg /kg 3 个剂量组能明显缩短悬尾实验中小鼠的不动时间(P <0.01) 。W0620 的对数剂量与抗抑郁药效呈现S 型量效关系, 药效动力学参数如下:Emax 80.79 s 、E_base 12.13 s 、K 9.16 mg /kg 、H 3.38 、ED₅₀ 9.16 mg /kg 、E₅₀ 46.46 s 、ED₈₀ 13.81 mg /kg 、E₈₀ 67.05 s 、ED₉₀ 17.56 mg /kg 、E₉₀ 73.92 s 。结论: W0620 有明显抗抑郁作用, 其量效关系符合S 型曲线, 无明显中枢抑制作用。     

微波辅助快速制备碳量子点及其对表没食子儿茶素-3-没食子酸酯的促氧化作用

利用高通量微波消解/萃取工作站快速制备水溶性碳量子点,研究碳量子点的pH值依赖性和稳定性,探讨表没食子儿茶素-3-没食子酸酯（epigallocatechin-3-gallate,EGCG）在Cu2＋存在条件下产生的活性氧自由基对碳量子点荧光探针的猝灭作用及EGCG与Cu2＋的促氧化剂量-效应关系。结果表明：碳量子点具有pH值依赖性和良好的稳定性,相对量子产率为73.67%;Cu2＋与EGCG的浓度比达到2∶1时,碳量子点荧光探针的猝灭更严重,EGCG的促氧化效果更好。该研究可为EGCG作为功能性物质的应用提供理论依据。     

Dose-effect relations and responsive regulation of treatment duration: The good enough level.

This study examined rates of improvement in psychotherapy as a function of the number of sessions attended. The clients (N = 1,868; 73.1% female; 92.4% White; average age = 40), who were seen for a variety of problems in routine primary care mental health practices, attended 1 to 12 sessions, had planned endings, and completed the Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation-Outcome Measure (CORE-OM) at the beginning and end of their treatment. The percentage of clients achieving reliable and clinically significant improvement (RCSI) on the CORE-OM did not increase with number of sessions attended. Among clients who began treatment above the CORE-OM clinical cutoff (n = 1,472), the RCSI rate ranged from 88% for clients who attended 1 session down to 62% for clients who attended 12 sessions (r =-.91). Previously reported negatively accelerating aggregate curves may reflect progressive ending of treatment by clients who had achieved a good enough level of improvement. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)