东兴铝业嘉峪关分公司铝灰渣循环利用研究

铝灰渣是铝熔铸过程中产生的废弃物。本文主要介绍了酒钢东兴铝业嘉峪关分公司铝灰渣的产生量、排放、利用情况、化学成分及表面特征,并简要介绍了铝灰渣、铝灰的循环利用途径。     

Predicting the thermodynamics of aluminum dross denitrification of flue gas

Existing alumina extraction and material production methods result in the formation of harmful ammonia gas or ammonia water originating from aluminum nitride (AlN) in dross. Therefore, in this study, aluminum dross was used as a denitration reagent to eliminate nitrogen oxides in flue gas and AlN in dross. Based on the proposed scheme, thermodynamic calculations were performed to investigate the denitrification effect and reduction of aluminum dross in flue gas. The results show that equilibrium concentrations of NO, NO₂, and HF in the flue gas were influenced mainly by temperature; their concentrations increased with an increase in the temperature, reaching 4.4 × 10⁻²⁰, 1.7 × 10⁻³⁸, and 7.0 × 10⁻⁸ g/m³, respectively, at 923 K. The Gibbs free energy corresponding to the reaction of CO₂ with Al/AlN in aluminum dross was −377/–120 kJ/mol. HF, originating from the reaction of NaF and water vapor, maintained an extremely low concentration of 6.99 × 10⁻⁸ g/m³ at 923 K. These results indicate that aluminum dross processing may clean the flue gas and increase the calorific value while eliminating the hazards of AlN. The results obtained herein will provide theoretical guidance toward new avenues of aluminum dross utilization.     

热镀锌渣真空蒸馏回收锌

在钢件热镀锌过程中，产出约占锌总量１０％的热镀锌渣，渣中含锌和少量铁，铅，铜，铝等杂质。用直空蒸馏方法从热镀锌渣中提取锌；具空度１．３３×１０＾２－１．３３×１０＾３Ｐａ，温度９００℃，作业时间１１ｈ／炉，电耗约２０００度／ｔ锌，试验表明，锌的直收离可达８４％，为热镀锌渣中锌的回收提供了一英经济而合理的方法。     

Cold model experiment on dynamic behavior of dross in hot dip plating bath

The motions of top and bottom dross in a continuous hot dip plating bath were investigated using a transparent cold model vessel with a reduced scale of one-tenth. The flow field in the model bath was classified into three regions as usual; the entry region, the exit region, and the region enclosed with a belt. This belt was used as a model for a strip. Polystyrene particles were used as models both for the top and bottom dross while NaCl aqueous solutions of different densities were used as models for plating melts. The motions of model particles were observed by eye inspection and by using a high-speed video camera. Local particle frequency and particle holdup were measured with a newly developed sensor. Typical streak lines for the top and bottom dross particles were similar to main stream lines in the bath. Both the top and bottom dross particles were rich in the region enclosed with the belt. A lot of top dross particles floated on the bath surface near the side walls, while many bottom dross particles stayed on the bottom wall in the entry region.     

基于Illumina PE300高通量测序的海南糟粕醋微生物多样性分析

目的 研究海南糟粕醋中微生物的多样性,分析海南糟粕醋在自然条件下贮藏时的优势菌及风险菌。方法 采用Illumina PE300高通量测序技术对海南糟粕醋中细菌和真菌群落进行多样性分析,扩增糟粕醋中细菌的16S rDNA和真菌的ITS序列。结果 细菌多样性测序获得306,600条序列, 130,745,424碱基(base pair, bp),505操作分类单元(operational taxonomic units, OTU),可归属为23门(phylum)、51纲(class)、115目(order)、191科(family)、312属(genus)、432种(species);真菌多样性测序获得612,015条序列, 132,784,567 bp, 27 OTU,可归属为3 phylum、7 class、12 order、18 family、24 genus、25 species。糟粕醋在自然条件下贮藏时,主要细菌属为:乳酸菌属(Lactobacillus)、棒杆菌属(Corynebacteriums)、乳酪短杆菌属(Brevibacterium)、芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)、...     

铝灰的回收处理及资源化利用研究现状

铝灰是铝工业生产过程中产生的有害固体废物,每年的产生量达到上百万吨。铝灰的大量堆积会引起严重的环境与公共安全问题。铝灰中含有较多的金属铝及其氧化物、氮化物,综合回收利用铝灰对减少环境压力、提升铝行业的经济效益具有重要意义。阐述了铝灰的火法和湿法处理工艺,通过比较得出无盐火法工艺和湿法工艺是值得开发的工艺。介绍了铝灰在耐火材料、陶瓷产品、氢气制备以及工程材料等领域的综合利用现状及研究进展。指出在进一步巩固和发展铝灰原有的高附加值资源化利用的同时,应加强对铝灰处理过程中产生的气体的利用。建议根据铝灰的特性进一步开发新的资源化利用方向。     

基于正交试验及非线性回归分析的铝灰渣水解参数研究

采用L9（34）正交试验设计的方法,研究了铝灰渣水解过程中时间、温度、转速等因素对铝灰渣中AlN含量的影响,确定了水解参数的主次关系及最优组合。同时,通过非线性回归分析对水解参数进行深入分析,建立铝灰渣中AlN含量与各水解参数的非线性关系。通过试验值与理论值对比,发现相对误差值基本可以控制在±9.65%以内,为水解过程中铝灰渣AlN含量的预测与控制提供一定指导意义。     

铝灰中铝资源回收工艺现状与展望

铝灰是铝工亚一种重要的副产品,其中的铝含量约占铝生产使用过程中总损失量的1%～12%.回收铝灰中的铝资源能降低成本、保护环境、节约能源和提高资源利用率,有着巨大的经济和社会效益.本文总结了铝灰的来源、分类和组成,综述了铝灰中回收金属铝的回收工艺和利用铝灰合成材料工艺,展望了铝灰回收工艺的发展前景,提出了相关建议.     

镀锌产品亮点缺陷研究

本钢浦项冷轧薄板有限责任公司1#镀锌机组从调试以来,生产的镀锌产品中出现大量表面亮点缺陷,为达到汽车用板及高级家电表面外板的市场需求,本钢浦项针对这一问题进行的分析研究和生产实践的探索。本文重点是评述这些研究结果及其应用。     

清代粉彩瓷装饰研习

粉彩是传统彩瓷艺术中的一朵奇葩,长久以来对于这一优秀遗产我们认识和学习还很肤浅。为了发展与复兴陶瓷美术事业,我们应寻觅到科学的研习方法并在其指导下对这份丰厚遗产进行实事求是的总结,以真正做到吸取其精华、剔除其糟粕,＂古为今用＂。