辉锑矿矿浆电解浸出机理的研究

研究了辉锑矿矿浆电解阳极室浸出反应机理．结果表明，辉锑矿的溶解符合核收缩模型的动力学规律，浸出速率受混合过程控制，表观活化能为25.10KJ/mol．浸出主反应是辉锑矿被阳极上析出的氯氧化，SCl2是氧化反应的中间产物．     

Effects of cobalt, temperature and certain impurities upon cobalt electrowinning from sulfate solutions

The effects of cobalt concentration, temperature and the presence of zinc, copper and iron ions in the electrolyte on current efficiency and cathodic quality were investigated by cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic methods during cobalt electrowinning. The results showed that high cathodic efficiency of cobalt deposition was obtained from solutions containing cobalt concentration in the range 30–60 g l^–1. Current efficiency increased from 94% to 97% with increase in cobalt concentration to 60 g l^–1 at 20 °C. It was also found that increase in temperature to 50 °C enhanced the cobalt deposition reaction, along with the rate of hydrogen evolution, resulting in little change in current efficiency. The presence of foreign cations in the electrolyte not only adversely affects current efficiency but also promotes cracking and peeling.     

Regeneration of zinc particles for zinc–air fuel cells in a spouted-bed electrode

Fuel cells wherein zinc particles form a negative electrode and a gas-diffusion electrode (air electrode) is the positive electrode, are under development. Such cells are dependent on the regeneration of the zinc particles (and electrolyte). This paper describes experiments on electrolytic cells equipped with spouted bed cathodes for use in this application. Experiments have been carried out on laboratory scale cells to determine the operability of cells for growing 'seed particles in the range from 0.4 to 1 mm to measure cell voltage and current efficiency (and thereby energy consumption rate), and to identify a suitable material that could be used as a diaphragm (separating the spouted bed from the oxygen evolving anode). A larger cell, capable of producing up to 10 kg Zn per day, was designed and built. The larger cell was run successfully fifteen times and showed cell voltages and energy consumption rates comparable with those of smaller cells.     

碱浸条件下杂质离子对锌电积的影响

针对贫杂铅锌矿碱浸工艺,系统地分析电解过程杂质离子CO3^2-、SO4^2-、SiO3^2-、F^-、CL^-、S2^-对电解金属锌粉的影响．实验结果表明：CO3^2-、SO4^2-、SiO3^2-、F^-离。子对电解金属锌粉没有明显影响,Cl^-离子浓度宜控制在20g／L以下基本上满足GB／T6890—2000国家标准的锌粉三级标准,S^2-离子对电解金属锌粉影响比较显著,即使在S^2-微量的条件下金属锌粉的品质下降了近5％．     

锌电积节能措施的研究现状

传统的湿法炼锌过程中，存在着电积能耗大的问题。本文系统综合了当前锌电积的节电措施，并对新型情性阳极材料及锌电积新工艺的研究现状进行了详细阐述。     

以硫酸铜为原料生产铜粉的工艺实践

介绍了以硫酸铜为原料生产铜粉的关键工艺条件以及工业化生产中的问题和解决方案。采用电积法生产铜粉,具有成本低、产品粒度细、生产流程短、劳动强度低等特点,同时为阴极铜生产企业尽快变现中间物料提供了一种新的生产工艺。     

易剥离阴极板的设计

分析自动剥锌对阴极板的要求,指出传统阴极板对自动剥锌的不利影响。详细介绍一种易剥离阴极板的设计;该易剥离阴极板克服了电解液液面波动因素的影响,使沉积锌片能够形成整齐的剥离端面,有助于提高自动剥板率。     

电冶重熔RE-WC-钢基合金显微缺陷与性能研究

采用电冶重熔法, 并引入稀土改性制备RE-WC-钢基复合材料, 研究了复合材料的显微缺陷、硬质相的存在状态、合金性能。实验结果显示:RE-WC-钢基复合材料中未观察到脏孔和游离石墨, 与未加稀土的WC-钢基合金相比孔隙率明显下降, WC 颗粒的孤立度提高, 耐磨性得到改善。     

世界上最大的铜矿山-智利埃斯科地达铜矿山

智利埃斯科地达(Escondida)铜矿山是世界上目前最大的铜矿山,具有世界上最丰富的铜资源。根据2009年资料,该矿山的铜矿石储量为41.57亿t,铜品位0.76%,其中含铜3156.7万t铜,矿石资源量为46.50亿t。矿山规划中采用的矿石储量为6.62亿t,其铜品位为2.12%。是世界铜矿山的生产成本最低的企业之一。矿山采用常规露天开采方法。平均每天开采24万t/d高品位硫化矿、4万t/d低品位硫化矿和3.5万t/d氧化矿。矿山由两个露天采场、两个选矿厂、一个氧化矿堆浸场、一个低品位硫化矿生物堆浸场和一个溶剂萃取/电极厂组成。矿山设计铜年产量为120万t。硫化矿选矿厂采用磨矿-浮选流程,得到含金和银的铜精矿。精矿铜品位为38%～43%,回收率为84%～86%。氧化矿堆浸采用破碎-制球-堆浸工艺。低品位硫化矿采用破碎-制球-筑堆-生物堆浸工艺。堆浸场得到的贵液送溶剂萃取/电积厂处理,得到阴极铜。堆浸场对氧化矿石堆浸的铜浸出率分别为80%和54%(对可溶性铜),堆浸场对低品硫化矿石堆浸的铜浸出率分别为37%和29%(对全铜)。矿山和选矿厂基本投资为56.4亿美元,而矿山铜的直接操作费用仅为60.8美分/磅铜。