勘探创造力的增强需要体制创新

建立一个与市场经济相适应的,对创造性劳动受到尊重、支持、鼓励的创新体制,是实现创造力持续增长的关键。为此就要在干部制度、分配奖励制度和资金管理制度上深入改革,进行制度创新,为培养造就综合素质强的复合型人才,使创造性工作能获得持久的动力与激励提供条件和保证。     

Individual and structural origins of friendship and social position among professionals.

Friendship affects individual and organizational well-being through direct relations, social positions, and complex network structures. In this study, the authors use longitudinal data from 2 groups of master's of business administration students to increase understanding of how friendship networks develop. The authors propose and test a dynamic model in which attribute similarity facilitates dyadic friendship ties, as well as similar network centrality and social position; early friendship increases later similarity in structural position and centrality; and early structural similarity enhances the likelihood of future friendship. Findings largely supported the model, demonstrating how homophily and early social contacts can jointly shape maturing friendship networks. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The Kitty Genovese murder and the social psychology of helping: The parable of the 38 witnesses.

This article argues that an iconic event in the history of helping research--the story of the 38 witnesses who remained inactive during the murder of Kitty Genovese--is not supported by the available evidence. Using archive material, the authors show that there is no evidence for the presence of 38 witnesses, or that witnesses observed the murder, or that witnesses remained inactive. Drawing a distinction between the robust bystander research tradition and the story of the 38 witnesses, the authors explore the consequences of the story for the discipline of psychology. They argue that the story itself plays a key role in psychology textbooks. They also suggest that the story marks a new way of conceptualizing the dangers of immersion in social groups. Finally, they suggest that the story itself has become a modern parable, the telling of which has served to limit the scope of inquiry into emergency helping. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Interpreting the negative mood-helping literature via "mega"-analysis: A contrary view.

"Mega"-analysis was developed by M. Carlson and N. Miller (see record 1987-31249-001) as an extension of traditional meta-analytic procedures for conducting integrative reviews of existing research literatures. One such mega-analysis was conducted by Carlson and Miller to synthesize the literature on the relation between negative mood states and helping. That analysis found no support for a theoretical account (negative state relief) that had been confirmed previously by using various experimental approaches. In an attempt to reconcile the discrepancy, the logic and methods used in Carlson and Miller's mega-analysis of the negative mood-helping literature were examined, and several serious problems were found. These problems are discussed, and data are presented to show that the results of that mega-analysis, and perhaps all mega-analyses, should not be viewed with confidence. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

职业院校是高技能人才培养的主渠道

以创办唐山工业职业技术学院的实践经验为依据，阐述了职业院校在国家重点技校带动战略涌现出的示范校群体中，将成为高级技能紧缺人才培养的载体，成为培养复合型高技能人才的主渠道。     

项目化教学在分组模式中的实现

项目化教学是通过实施一个完整的项目工作而进行的活动。以《Java程序设计》课程为例,将项目化教学在分组模式中实现,不仅能提高学生主体能动性和综合运用能力,还培养了学生团队合作精神和解决问题的能力,为其今后符合企业要求的高技能软件人才奠定基础。     

青少年事务社会工作专业人才队伍建设的基本途径

青少年事务社会工作专业人才队伍建设问题,立足于＂青少年事务引入专业社会工作＂的前提,因其服务对象的特殊性,若想取得实质性进展,必须紧紧依托体制机制,适应服务需求,注重专业实效,借助社会工作助人自助的理念,不断开拓广阔前景.     

Improving retention strategies for IT professionals working in the public sector

Despite much research interest, effective retention of IT professionals has proved difficult for many public sector organizations. By concentrating on intention to leave, researchers may not have provided a clear way to formulate effective retention strategies. Consequently, we used intention to stay as an alternative lens to identify factors that can reduce turnover of IT professionals. Our findings indicated that attitudes, perceived behavioral control (PBC), and identification with the organization all had a statistically significant relationship with intention to stay; attitude was the strongest. It was concluded that existing retention strategies needed to be refocused on the issues that make IT staff stay; a number of practical recommendations for IT managers are presented.     

四川餐饮业信息化人才状况调查与分析

四川餐饮业发展迅猛,为了解餐饮企业信息化发展情况,尤其是餐饮业信息化人才状况,课题组对四川餐饮企业进行了信息化抽样调查。调查涵盖餐饮企业信息化实施总体情况,包括信息化水平、运用效果以及餐饮企业对信息化的认识,调查侧重于餐饮企业现有信息化人才结构状况和需求期待,并对调查数据进行了科学和客观分析,旨在为信息化人才标准和培养模式探索提供依据、奠定基础。     

Prosocial Emotions and Helping: The Moderating Role of Group Membership.

In this article, the authors introduce and test a group-level perspective on the role of empathy and interpersonal attraction in helping. In line with our predictions, Study 1, a longitudinal field study of 166 AIDS volunteers, confirmed that empathy was a stronger predictor of helping when the recipient of assistance was an in-group member than when that person was an out-group member. Also as hypothesized, attraction was a stronger predictor of helping when the recipient was an out-group member than when that person was an in-group member. Study 2 replicated and further extended these results in a laboratory experiment on spontaneous helping of a person with hepatitis. Strengthening the validity of the findings, in both studies the effects of empathy and attraction held up even when the authors statistically controlled for potential alternative predictors of helping. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings for helping in intergroup contexts are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)