抗洪抢险措施及效果

结合“９８”抗洪抢险实例，对多种险情作了具体分析，通过汛后调查，对抗洪抢险消险措施和效果进行了总结，为今后进一步做好防洪消险工作提供了经验。     

光催化氧化后四环素的分解率与COD去除率之间关系的探讨

以粉状无机半导体（ＺｎＯ）为催化剂，探讨了水溶液中四环素经光催化氧化分解率和ＣＯＤ去除率之间的关系。实验表明，在本实验中四环素的分解率和ＣＯＤ去除率之间有较好的正相关性。当反庆系统中有足量的活性催化剂和足够的光照时间时，绝大部分四环素将被较彻底地氧化分解成ＣＯ２，这不仅有助于光催化反应机理的研究，助于今后在环保中的实际应用。     

膦化合物对加氢催化剂的影响

丁辛醇装置丁醛加氢催化剂在装置扩能投产以后热点上移 (失活 )的速率较快 ,针对催化剂老化的原因进行分析、判断 ,找出原因 ,采用相应的解决措施 ,可延长催化剂使用寿命 ,增加装置效益     

Production of phosphoric acid with low content of impurities

The present work is to study the possibility for controlled distribution of the impurities when they are decomposed by sulphuric acid to wet phosphoric acid and phosphogypsum, as well as generating technological conditions for production of clean wet phosphoric acid and its derivatives - phosphoric fertilizers, food phosphates and other phosphoric products.A coefficient of distribution D_A is introduced as a general criterion for elements dispersion. The study includes relationships between the weight ratio sulphuric acid/natural phosphate and D_A; the period of decomposition and D_A; the particle's size content of the natural phosphate and D_A. The obtained experimental data and relationships about the influence of the above discussed technological parameters on dispersion of more than 23 elements allow for control of that process in wet phosphoric acid and phosphogypsum by selecting specific technological conditions. Thus, depending on the requirements of acid's consumers and procedures for secondary processing of phosphogypsum to end-products, a selective decomposition of the natural phosphates to phosphoric acid and phosphogypsum can be carried out with content of the impurities in those products varying in narrow limits.     

电镀锡机组软熔导电辊脱锡技术研究

粘锡是电镀锡机组软熔导电辊失效的主要原因,应用化学方法脱锡是延长导电辊寿命的重要途径.开发了氢氧化钠(钾)为主要组成,并加入适量亚铅酸钠(钾)和硝酸(亚硝酸)钠配制而成脱锡剂,当脱锡剂温度为40～80℃,导电辊表面温度为40～70℃时,对粘锡导电辊具有很好的脱锡效果.粘锡导电辊脱锡后的表面粗糙度可以恢复到4.0μm以上,导电辊使用寿命提高80%,降低导电辊修复成本90%,并大幅度减少导电辊更换时间,提高电镀锡机组生产作业率.     

马钢A/OO生物脱氮装置的试运行

介绍了马钢A/OO生物脱氮装置的工艺流程、工艺条件及影响因素,探讨了A/OO生物脱氮工艺试运行中存在的问题和解决措施。     

“磁约束”的防垢、除垢机理分析

讨论了轴对称非均匀磁场对带电粒子的作用，分析了“磁约束”对防垢、除垢的微观机理，指出满足磁约束理论的轴对称非均匀磁场的防垢，除垢效果好的原因，正是由于在这种磁场中，带电粒子的运动被约束在一定磁面上的某一磁感应线附近做以该磁感应线为中心的螺旋运动，且正、负离子的回旋方向相反，从而形成内部相互作用较弱的大分子簇团不易吸附在管壁上，达到防垢目的；磁化水的渗透压较大，可起到除垢效果。     

基于卡尔曼滤波改进的精子图像序列分割方法

图像分割是精子图像识别的一项关键技术,在精子运动能力分析中起着至关重要的作用。本文对采集的连续精子图像序列进行灰度化、去噪等预处理后,采用Otsu算法对首幅动物精子图像二值化,对后续图像采用Kalman Filter确定二值化阈值范围,改进Otsu算法求出每一幅图像的适当阈值并进行二值化,缩短算法时间并能保证分割精度。应用形态学消除精子尾部和部分精子之间的粘连现象,通过计算和比较目标面积、形状因子,去除小颗粒杂质以及形状及灰度和精子相似的杂质,为精子运动能力检测提供高质量的分割图像。     

Net shape formation of sub-micron alumina with reduced flaws by high-speed centrifugal compaction process

A new compacting method for powder materials is presented. High-Speed Centrifugal Compaction Process (HCP) utilizes centrifugal force of about 10,000 g for the compaction. HCP is suitable for net shape compaction of fine sub-micron and nano-powders. HCP possesses a unique compacting mechanism that is different from other colloidal processes including Pressure Casting (PC), and has a number of useful characteristics. HCP has a higher compacting speed than PC, wide applicability for net shape formation, as well as a defect removing function. Because of homogeneous and flawless green microstructure, HCP alumina shows superior sinterability and higher strength and hardness than most of other aluminas. This article is based on a presentation made in the symposium “The 3rd KIM-JIM Joint Symposium on Advanced Powder Materials“, held at Korea University, Seoul, Korea, October 26–27, 2001 under auspices of The Korean Institute of Metals and Materials and The Japan Institute of Metals.     

Quantification of trace amounts of impurities in high purity cobalt by high resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

An analytical method using high resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HR-ICP-MS) for rapid simultaneous determination of 24 elements (Be, Mg, Al, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, As, Se, Mo, Ag, Cd, Sn, Sb, Ba, Pt, Au, and Pb) in high purity cobalt was described. Sample digestions were performed in closed microwave vessels using HNO3 and HCl. The matrix effects because of the presence of excess HCl and Co were evaluated. The usefulness of high mass resolution for overcoming some spectral interference was demonstrated. The optimum conditions for the deter- mination were tested and discussed. The standard addition method was employed for quantitative analysis. The detection limits were 0.016-1.50 μg?g?1, the recovery ratios were 92.2%-111.2%, and the RSD was less than 3.6%. The method was accurate, quick, and convenient. It was applied to the determination of trace impurities in high purity cobalt with satisfactory results.