Consumer perception of extruded snacks containing brown rice and dried mushroom

Effects of mushroom type, seasoning and health benefit information (HBI) on consumers’ saltiness expectation, sensory liking, elicited emotions and purchase intent (PI) of extruded snacks were investigated. Five snacks were evaluated: straw mushroom (Volvariella volvacea) extrudates without (SME) or with seasoning (SMES), phoenix mushroom (Pleurotus pulmonarius) extrudates without (PME) or with seasoning (PMES), and the control without mushroom and seasoning. Hedonic scores and positive emotions were generally higher for seasoned mushroom-containing snacks (SMES and PMES) with 65% and 75.83% of consumers reporting willingness to purchase, respectively, after receiving HBI. Bored, interested and satisfied were identified as significant emotional predictors for PI odds. Flavour, saltiness, overall liking, bored, good and interested were critical attributes, differentiating snacks. This study demonstrated that sensory liking and PI of extruded brown rice-based snacks containing mushroom could be improved through savoury seasoning addition, which also allowed saltiness expectations to be met.     

实体造型中的几何约束

实体造型是一个基于约束的过程，完成从功能约束到几何约束、再到代数约束的转化而得到实体模型。本文讨论了几何约束的层次性及其表示，并且对几何约束同设计意图的关系进行了研究，提出了基于ＣＳＧ／ＧＣＧ／Ｂ－ｒｅｐ的模型表示。     

The role of intent and harm in judgments of prejudice and discrimination.

Four experiments examined how an actor's intent and the harm experienced by a target influence judgments of prejudice and discrimination. The presence of intent increased the likelihood that participants judged an actor as prejudiced and the actor's behavior as discriminatory. When intent was uncertain, harm influenced judgments of the behavior, which in turn influenced judgments of the actor, and participants were more cautious in their judgments about an actor than an actor's behavior. Harm also played a stronger role in targets' than observers' judgments. Understanding the role of intent and harm on perceptions of prejudice can help explain variations in targets' versus observers', and possibly targets' versus actors', judgments of discrimination and prejudice. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Perceived employment barriers and their relation to workforce-entry intent among people with HIV/AIDS.

As treatments have improved health and quality of life for people with HIV/AIDS, many have contemplated workforce reentry. Workforce reentry rarely occurs among people with illness-related disability. The authors mailed a survey that included workforce-entry-related concerns to 1,991 HIV/AIDS clients. Factor analysis extracted 6 areas of concern (benefits loss, work-related health, job skills, discrimination, personal health care, workplace accommodation). Levels of concern generally increased with HIV acuity level and time since last worked. Work-related health concerns predicted consideration of workforce entry, and work-related health concerns and benefits-loss concerns predicted estimated time to return to work. Findings provide quantitative validation of intuitive categories of workforce-entry concerns among people with HIV/AIDS and suggest that concerns may shift with progress toward workforce entry. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Do the Kallikaks look "menacing" or "retarded?"

To extend R. E. Fancher's (see record 1987-31600-001) review of claims that photographs of the Kallikak family in H. H. Goddard's (1912) study had been retouched to make them look more menacing and retarded, 29 Ss (aged 18–69 yrs) were surveyed for their impressions of the photographs. Overall, Ss were strongly inclined to view the photographed individuals as "kind" and "very bright." (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

More on Goddard and the Kallikak family photographs.

Discusses retouching of the Kallikak family photographs in H. H. Goddard's (1912) study of mental retardation and heredity, with reference to analyses by R. E. Fancher (see record 1987-31600-001) and S. J. Gould (1981), and concurs with Fancher that the retouching was probably not done for deceitful purposes. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

双序渐进式概念格合并算法

针对传统的概念格合并算法仅为单向的纵向或横向合并,提出一种基于概念内涵、外延升降序的双序渐进式合并算法。按照概念的内涵或外延的升序和降序,从两个方向(由上到下和由下到上)同时进行子概念格的纵向或横向合并。算法分析和示例结果表明,该算法不仅在结构上较好地保留了原有信息,而且在效率上也获得了显著的提高。     

融合交互意图的图神经网络协同过滤算法

传统的协同过滤方法很大程度上以一种统一的方式进行建模,未从交互意图的细粒度上考虑建模关系。为此提出一种融合交互意图的图神经网络协同过滤算法（INTNGCF）。首先,通过将边分解成多个潜在空间来识别潜在意图;其次,利用交互意图融合层确定这些潜在意图的重要性;最后,生成用户对项目的预测评分。在三个真实数据集上与七种基线模型进行对比实验,结果表明,提出的算法与其他先进的推荐模型相比具有一定的性能优势。     

基于意图—槽位注意机制的医疗咨询意图理解与实体抽取算法

自然语言理解作为医疗对话中的关键组成部分,包含意图识别和槽位填充两个重要的子任务。为建立意图和槽位的相互促进关系,实现语义层次上的建模,提出了基于意图—槽位注意机制的医疗咨询意图理解与实体抽取算法。首先,收集医疗信息网站上用户的医疗健康提问文本,基于医学知识归纳总结了24类医疗意图和5种槽位,构建了中文医疗健康咨询数据集（CMISD-UQS）;然后,引入槽位选通机制来建模意图和槽位向量之间的显式关系,设计了意图—槽位注意机制层,构建了意图上下文信息以意图标签向量方式嵌入到槽位的方式。在公共数据集ATIS和SNIPS上与八种代表性算法的对比实验结果表明,所提算法优于所比较的八种算法;在CMISD-UQS数据集上的测试结果表明,所提算法的医疗意图识别准确率、语义槽填充F1值、句子级语义框架准确率分别为78.1%、94.9%和73.2%,均优于其他对比算法。     

Understanding user intent on the web through interaction mining

Predicting the goals of internet users can be extremely useful in e-commerce, online entertainment, and many other internet-based applications. One of the crucial steps to achieve this is to classify internet queries based on available features, such as contextual information, keywords and their semantic relationships. Beyond these methods, in this paper we propose to mine user interaction activities to predict the intent of the user during a navigation session. However, since in practice it is necessary to use a suitable mix of all such methods, it is important to exploit all the mentioned features in order to properly classify users based on their common intents. To this end, we have performed several experiments aiming to empirically derive a suitable classifier based on the mentioned features.