梁启超的趣味主义人生美学

梁启超的美学思想是崇尚趣味主义的人生美学。他认为生活的意义在于趣味,没有趣味的生活是形尸走兽般的生活。梁启超的趣味,既是对待现实生活的一种主观态度,亦是生命价值体现的形式,还是他人生美学思想的核心。“知不可而为”与“为而不有”主义是梁启超生活趣味化、生活艺术化思想的理论依据,正是坚守这两种主义,梁启超能够坦然面对人生中的成败与得失,洗涤胸中偏私,境界得到了最高升华。     

Episodic memory and metamemory in Parkinson’s disease patients.

This study investigated episodic memory and metamemory for verbs and nouns in patients who have cognitive impairments associated with Parkinson’s disease (PD). PD patients and healthy control participants were asked to recall word pairs and provide feeling-of-knowing (FOK) judgments for the items they were unable to recall. This was followed by a 4-alternative recognition test. PD patients were impaired in both recall and recognition, compared with controls. In terms of metamemory, PD patients were less confident in their ability to recognize the unrecalled items in a future recognition test. Most important, accuracy of PD patients’ FOK judgments was not above chance and was lower than that of control participants. The PD group correctly recognized fewer verbs than nouns, but type of material (verb vs. noun) had no impact on recall or FOK judgments. In addition, contribution of executive functions to FOK accuracy was different in PD patients and controls. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The letter of recommendation effect in informant ratings of personality.

In most studies using informant reports of personality, the informants are recruited by the targets. Such informants may tend to like the targets and thus portray them in specific ways (e.g., too positively). Study 1 (N = 403) demonstrated the necessity to distinguish between “liking” and “knowing” in studying the relationships between informants and targets. Informants who liked their targets better described them more positively (i.e., as being more extraverted, agreeable, open, conscientious, and less neurotic). The association between personality ratings and liking was moderated by item evaluativeness. Liked targets were also described as being more similar to each other (range restriction), which would lower correlations of informant ratings of personality with external variables. Study 2 (N = 90) used a within-subjects design to disentangle actual personality differences between targets (substance) from the informants’ specific views on the targets (style). Ninety informants were asked to nominate targets they did not like. These targets then nominated informants of their own choice. Target-nominated informants liked the targets very much and described the targets’ personalities very positively and in ways that were highly redundant with the average target’s self-rating. There was evidence that lower liking may be associated with better accuracy. Higher subjective levels of knowing were not associated with better interrater agreement but with a greater willingness to describe targets negatively. Implications for the field of recruiting are discussed. Where possible, the choice of informants and referees should be made independent of the targets’ preferences. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

认识与情绪--海德格尔的生存论-存在论分析

情绪把人逼入与事物的关联之中，认识是在情绪中建构出来的。畏、烦和惊讶等基本情绪把我们驱入源始认识之中并为科学认识奠基；基本情绪的蜕变使源始认识降落到日常认识的层次上，进而为科学认识准备必要的条件；纯粹的科学认识也有情绪的参与。     

知行合一：高校干部队伍建设的策略选择

高校干部队伍的思想、素质、能力、作风直接关系到学校的发展水平,本文从知行合一的现代价值入手,结合实际简要分析了高校干部的现状和面临的挑战,阐述了知行合一与高校干部之间的相互关系和内在要求,强调了知行合一是高校干部队伍建设的策略选择,并提出加强干部队伍建设的相应对策。     

"知-行-知"德育认识论及其"体道"实践

德育是由“知”与“行”、“知道”与“体道”构成的矛盾及其运动。德育认识论当属于教育认识论 ,它与一般认识论之“行—知—行”认识路线不同 ,其认识路线是“知—行—知” ,其德育过程是从“知道”到“体道”。     

Accuracy of feeling-of-knowing judgments for predicting perceptual identification and relearning.

The feeling of knowing (FOK) refers to predictions about subsequent memory performance on previously nonrecalled items. The present research explored predictive accuracy with 2 new FOK criterion tests (in addition to recognition): relearning and perceptual identification. In 2 experiments, Ss attempted to recall the answers to general information questions, then made FOK predictions for all nonrecalled answers, and finally had a criterion test to assess the accuracy of the FOK predictions. Exp I, conducted with 32 undergraduates, demonstrated that perceptual identification can be employed successfully as a criterion test for the feeling of knowing FOK. This opens a new way for metamemory research via perception. Moreover, the FOK accuracy for predicting perceptual identification was not significantly correlated with the FOK accuracy for predicting recognition, in accord with the idea that these 2 tests assess memory differently. Exp II, conducted with 77 undergraduates, demonstrated that relearning performance can also be predicted by FOK judgments. Overall results show that there is a positive relationship between the FOK and the amount of time elapsing before a memory search is terminated during recall. (76 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Is the Feminist Ethics of Care framework a useful lens for GM crop risk appraisal in the global south?

The risk assessment of genetically modified (GM) crops is assumed to be a benign regulatory tool due to its perceived objectivity and freedom from the morals and values that pervade society. Yet, against the current backdrop of ecological, social and political volatility, issues that cannot be resolved using the existing framework in South Africa are consistently emerging. This paper calls for a reformation of regulatory procedures by exploring the potential of Feminist Care Ethics to illuminate an alternative approach to the assessment of GM crops. While fresh thinking is welcome into the entangled field of biotechnology governance, there remains little understanding of how to accommodate such approaches in the context of the Global South. Twenty three interviews with participants from governmental, non-governmental and academic bodies were carried out in order to explore the potential of a Feminist Ethic of Care as an alternative framework. By examining the current appraisal procedures and tracing their evolution, problems with the current system were illuminated. To assess the suitability of the care ethic framework and ensure reflexivity, a hybrid approach to thematic analysis was applied. Using themes derived from feminist literature such as relationships, context, power, narrative and emotion, new ‘ways of seeing’ risk emerged and illuminated salient issues that are habitually ignored by the current science-based risk approach to assessment. The current approach was found to be flawed, stemming from a neoliberal, productivist perception of our socio-ecological environment. Feminist perspectives instead ask us to broaden the framing of risk, to consider different knowledges, to re-imagine ourselves as social, rather than economic beings, to tap into the capacity of socio-ecological relations and to recognize and dismantle power structures. The research concludes that although the care ethics themes offer a new approach to GM crop regulation, meaningful change will not arise from simply adding these elements to the current system. Rather, a call must be made for a re-imagining, and redesigning, both institutionally and politically-economically.