Night and Day: Are Siblings as Different in Temperament as Parents Say They Are?

Twin studies suggest that parent ratings of temperament exaggerate differences between twins. The present study examined whether such contrast effects also operate for nontwin siblings. The activity level (AL) and shyness of 95 nontwin sibling pairs (ages 3 to 8 years) were assessed via parent ratings and objective measures (actigraph and observer ratings). Siblings showed no resemblance in either parent-rated AL or shyness; however, sibling resemblance for actigraph AL and observer-rated shyness was substantial. Thus, parents do contrast their nontwin siblings when rating these 2 temperament dimensions. Moreover, the importance of sibling differences in temperament to the sibling relationship and differential maternal treatment varied across the different measures of AL and shyness, suggesting that parent perceptions may play a role in these associations. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The Treatment of Dissociation in Sexually Abused Children From a Family/Attachment Perspective.

This article outlines an approach to treatment of sexually abused children with dissociative symptoms. Dissociated self-states are seen as competing interpersonal approaches to handling the many emotional sequela of abuse, including anger, fear, and regressive needs. Parents' responses to their sexually abused children, complicated by guilt and their own histories of trauma, can promote dissociative coping in the children as they have difficulty processing their own real feelings of anger, fear, and responsibility. Children and parents may alternatively take victimizer, victim, and rescuer roles, thus mutually reinforcing a dissociative style of coping with these events. This article illustrates how sensitivity to these family dynamics, along with a problem-solving approach to the child's symptoms, can treat dissociative psychopathology in these children. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

专用设备驱动程序交互式生成器的设计与实现

主要作为电子高科技的重点领域，专用实时设备无论类别和型号，抑或数量和质量，均与日俱增，令人目不暇接。它们的高效管理与灵活加接，是任何计算机专用实时系统不可或缺的基本功能，其驱动模块随之成为任何专用实时系统无法回避的设计难点。本文介绍我们自行研制的专用实时设备驱动程序交互式生成器ＲＴＤＧ的设计与实现。     

面向方面的XML结构连接算法的改进

为了解决在多文档下插入节点或需要修改节点编码时查询效率比较低的问题,提出了一种有效的结构连接算法.在分析现有单文档下的XML结构连接算法基础上,对祖先/后裔与双亲/孩子结构查询进行改进,基于归并思想解决多文档下的结构连接,以适应在面向方面的XML Schema中定义的基于多文档的查询.改进后的结构连接算法可以进一步利用XML数据的特点、索引和织入文档信息减少连接扫描的代价,具有一定的合理性、有效性和实用性.     

跨国公司子公司角色的研究

跨国公司与传统公司管理方式上的不同,即我们所说的跨国公司组织管理者控制其复杂组织模式的程序和协调机制的差异:允许他们独立的地区子公司自主地应对所在地区的机遇与危机。本文基于A-PJ(Autonomy&Proce-dural Justice)模型,将子公司分为合作者(Collaborator)、附庸(Vassal)、斗士(Militant)和伙伴(Partner)四种类型,分析他们在一体化和当地化的需求下,在整个跨国公司网络中扮演的角色。     

结合结构下文及词汇信息的汉语句法分析方法

针对句法分析中上下文无关语法模型对句子信息利用的不足,通过融入结构下文和部分词汇信息,提出两种基于概率上下文无关语法模型的短语结构消歧方法,以达到消解结构歧义的目的;引入分层分析的算法,通过损失一定的时间效率使得在提高分析准确率的同时保证分析结果的全面性。实验结果表明,融入结构下文及词汇信息的汉语句法分析方法,利用了更多的句子信息,与上下文无关语法相比有着更强的消歧能力。     

Social class, child age, and parental socialization values.

Upper-, middle-, and lower-class parents were asked to explain a proverb which had both "growth" and "stability" interpretations to their 11- and 16-yr-old sons. The growth interpretation was overwhelmingly endorsed by most parents. With 16-yr-olds, lower-middle-class parents continued to endorse the growth interpretation; most upper-class parents endorsed the stability interpretation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The acculturation gap-distress hypothesis among high-risk Mexican American families.

The authors tested the acculturation gap-distress hypothesis by examining whether parent-adolescent acculturation gaps were associated with greater conflict and youth conduct problems among 260 high-risk Mexican American families. The authors operationalized acculturation gaps in 2 ways: parent-youth mismatches in acculturation style, and parent-youth discrepancies in acculturation toward both mainstream and heritage cultures. Acculturation gaps were common, but results of hierarchical regression analyses indicated that parent-youth discrepancies in acculturation toward mainstream and heritage cultures were not related to increased conflict or youth conduct problems. Conduct problems were no higher in families in which the adolescent was more aligned with mainstream culture than the parent. Unexpectedly, the authors found more youth conduct problems in families in which the youth was more aligned with traditional culture than the parent. The results call into question the assumption that the more rapid acculturation of adolescents to American culture inevitably leads to distress in minority families. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

关于Fibonacci序列的母函数法

应用母函数法研究问题,可以得到系列结果,这是一种辩证性、总括性以及构造性的思维方式。本文阐明Fibonacci序列递推公式的三种证法,数学归纳法、试探法、母函数法(作一收敛的幂级数,作为母函数)。本文着重讨论母函数法。