Prominent consequences of role stress: A meta-analytic review.

Role stress has received a lot of research attention in psychological, sociological, and organizational studies over the last several decades. Based on a literature review of about 300 journal articles, this article examines prominent consequences of role stress. Specific focus is on researching differences in relationships between facets of role stress (i.e., role ambiguity, role conflict, and role overload) and frequently cited consequences using techniques of meta-analysis. Findings indicate that each role stress facet has a different relationship with the eight consequences studied. Role stress research can benefit from looking at each facet individually in addition to role stress generally. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The social consequences of expressive suppression.

At times, people keep their emotions from showing during social interactions. The authors' analysis suggests that such expressive suppression should disrupt communication and increase stress levels. To test this hypothesis, the authors conducted 2 studies in which unacquainted pairs of women discussed an upsetting topic. In Study 1, one member of each pair was randomly assigned to (a) suppress her emotional behavior, (b) respond naturally, or (c) cognitively reappraise in a way that reduced emotional responding. Suppression alone disrupted communication and magnified blood pressure responses in the suppressors' partners. In Study 2, suppression had a negative impact on the regulators' emotional experience and increased blood pressure in both regulators and their partners. Suppression also reduced rapport and inhibited relationship formation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The aggression paradox: Understanding links among aggression, sensation seeking, and the consideration of future consequences.

Four studies involving 573 female and 272 male college students demonstrated that multiple forms and measures of aggression were associated with high levels of sensation seeking, impulsivity, and a focus on the immediate consequences of behavior. Multiple regression analyses and structural equation models supported a theoretical model based on the general aggression model (C. A. Anderson & B. J. Bushman, 2002), positing that hostile cognition and negative affect mediate the relationships between the aforementioned individual differences and aggression. Sensation seeking also predicted a desire to engage in physical and verbal aggression. The final study demonstrated that relative to those scoring low, individuals scoring high on the consideration of future consequences are only less aggressive when aggression is likely to carry future costs. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

A case study: California utilities and the progressive business model

Concentration on the new technological and funding requirements for decarbonizing utilities has obfuscated the reality that there is a new utility business model. The Progressive Business Model is legislation and regulatory actions taken to address climate change. Lacking a feedback loop for policy correction, it has raised utility rates, coopted utility management’s operational and investment independence, and sacrificed ratepayer safety and reliability.     

一类矩阵方程的算法研究

研究了矩阵方程X+A*X-1A+B*X-tB=I的正定解,通过构造单调有界迭代序列求得方程正定解.提出的新算法收敛速度有所提高.并通过算例进行算法比较.     

核电厂选址放射性后果分析的几个问题

厂址安全、环境保护和应急准备是评价核电厂厂址适宜性主要关注的3个方面.本文概述了核电厂选址法规的基本要求,以及目前核电厂选址放射性后果分析中存在的问题,对选址阶段放射性后果审查中应当注意的几个问题进行了讨论.     

大亚湾核电站实施18个月换料的放射性后果评估

针对大亚湾核电站实施18个月换料技术改造的特点，计算了大亚湾核电站在正常运行工况下以及各种设计基准事故工况下对周围环境的放射性后果。计算结果表明，大亚湾核电站实施18个月换料技术改造后，正常运行工况安全设施的性能满足GB6249－86的要求。     

Finding Benefit in Breast Cancer During the Year After Diagnosis Predicts Better Adjustment 5 to 8 Years After Diagnosis.

Cancer patients experience positive as well as adverse consequences from diagnosis and treatment. The study reported here examined longer term reverberations of such experiences. A set of benefit-finding items along with measures of well-being were completed by 230 early-stage breast cancer patients in the year postsurgery. Four to 7 years later, 96 of them again completed measures of well-being. Controlling for initial distress and depression, initial benefit finding in this sample predicted lower distress and depression at follow-up. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Exploring the tension between transparency and datification effects of open government IS through the lens of Complex Adaptive Systems

Government agencies worldwide continue their commitment to providing open data in order to increase transparency of education, healthcare and other public services. Focusing on open government information systems (IS) that provide performance-related data, this paper explores the ongoing tension between government’s goal of transparency and the resulting largely opaque datification effects. Our research insights are derived from an empirical longitudinal study of a controversial open government IS called My School, currently providing performance data on almost 10,000 schools in Australia. We investigate the tension between transparency intended with schools’ open performance data and datification effects they create within the education system and a broader society, through the theoretical lens of Complex Adaptive Systems (CAS). Our study reveals how the tension emerges due to unpredictable use, propagation and reinterpretation of open data by more and more users. Consequently, the original meaning of data gets distorted, as these users continue to reconstruct and reinterpret ‘data’ in their own contexts and adapt their behavior in pursuit of their strategic goals. We also identify and theorize seven datification patterns underlying the tension and the ways they produce various social consequences. Based on these research contributions we discuss important strategic implications for government decision makers and identify new opportunities for future research on open government IS.     

MAPGIS在基于后果安全规划法中的运用探讨

基于事故后果的安全规划法常运用于重大危险源的土地使用规划,MAPGIS具有空间地理信息方面的功能优势。安全规划的图形可以在MAPGIS环境下进行数据的提取、转换、共享、属性调整和危险分区,实现基于后果的安全规划法与MAPGIS技术的结合。以某规划的石化项目发生池火灾为实证分析,结合有关计算模型,模拟得到了MAPGIS环境下有关池火灾的危险分区图。