Explicit Self-Regulated Strategy Development Versus Reciprocal Questioning: Effects on Expository Reading Comprehension Among Struggling Readers.

The effects of 2 rigorous strategic approaches to reading comprehension for 32 5th-grade students who struggle with reading were investigated. The first approach, TWA (Think before reading, think While reading, think After reading), was taught following explicit self-regulated strategy development instructional procedures (K. R. Harris & S. Graham. 1999). The second approach, reciprocal questioning (RQ), was taught following Cooperative ReQuest procedures developed by A. V. Manzo. U. C. Manzo, and T. H. Estes (2001). Compared with RQ students, TWA students improved significantly (with medium to large effect sizes) on 5 oral reading comprehension measures. There were no significant differences, however, between groups on 3 written comprehension measures, self-efficacy, or motivation. Students were positive about each intervention. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Web Server的嵌入式实现与交互式设计

本文简要介绍了PowerPC硬件平台和基于CentOS的嵌入式Web Server软件架构。分别给出了嵌入式Web Server应用体系结构、主要任务、选型,交互式原理中的两个过程,详尽地分析了GoForms过程与动态信息的XML文件交互。系统通过长时间测试,能够快速设置、查询,而且运行稳定。     

Testing usability and trainability of indirect touch interaction: perspective for the next generation of air traffic control systems

This study aims to determine whether indirect touch device can be used to interact with graphical objects displayed on another screen in an air traffic control (ATC) context. The introduction of such a device likely requires an adaptation of the sensory-motor system. The operator has to simultaneously perform movements on the horizontal plane while assessing them on the vertical plane. Thirty-six right-handed participants performed movement training with either constant or variable practice and with or without visual feedback of the displacement of their actions. Participants then performed a test phase without visual feedback. Performance improved in both practice conditions, but accuracy was higher with visual feedback. During the test phase, movement time was longer for those who had practiced with feedback, suggesting an element of dependency. However, this ‘cost’ of feedback did not extend to movement accuracy. Finally, participants who had received variable training performed better in the test phase, but accuracy was still unsatisfactory. We conclude that continuous visual feedback on the stylus position is necessary if tablets are to be introduced in ATC.     

矩形截面深梁的一个新理论及其应用

综合考虑梁截面转动、相邻截面剪切变形和横向压力等影响推导出弯曲矩形截面深梁的新理论。作为算例,应用虚拟功的互等法具体求解了在均布载荷作用下两端简支深梁的弯曲问题,给出了这种情况的数值计算结果,与ANSYS有限元结果进行了对照,验证了该新理论的正确性。     

Theoretical investigation on cyclic reciprocal derivative chronopotentiometry: Kinetic study of totally irreversible electrode processes

Theoretical expressions and mathematical analysis in cyclic reciprocal derivative chronopotentiometry (CRDCP) are presented for totally irreversible electrode processes corresponding to the application of symmetrical and unsymmetrical programmed currents. For two successive unsymmetrical programmed currents, the effect of the currents ratio b (b = |I₂(t)/I₁(t)|) on the (dt/dE)–E curves is discussed. The electrochemical behavior of totally irreversible electrode processes has been studied corresponding to the application of the unique unsymmetrical programmed Φ^m(I₀) proposed recently. CRDCP characteristic parameters obtained for totally irreversible electrode processes are different from those of reversible electrode processes. Therefore, a comparison of CRDCP between both mechanisms is presented. Based on the mathematical derivation, alternative methods for kinetic measuring are described. It is prospected that CRDCP is convenient and applicable for studying the reversibility of the electrode processes in form of CRDCP characteristic parameters.     

光电制导系统瞄准偏差测试中的基准光轴建立

激光在大气中传输时,光束的弯曲和漂移影响着多光轴光电制导武器系统光轴的瞄准精度和打击精度.在光电制导系统瞄准偏差测试基础上,提出一种外场真实环境下可见光、激光和红外多光轴瞄准系统瞄准偏差测试的基准光轴建立方法,并通过外场实验测得不同距离处基准光轴的偏差.结果表明,在2 km范围内基准光轴误差小于4.5″,满足了多光谱多光轴动态瞄准偏差测试中基准光轴的精度要求.     

全站仪中间法与对向观测法精度分析

介绍了全站仪对向观测与中间观测基本原理,并基于其原理推导出两种观测方法的高程测量公式.经误差传播定律推出中误差公式,通过误差数据定量分析比较两种方法的精度,得出在测距、竖直角变化时对向观测与中间观测的精度是不相同的,并用实例进行了对比验证,在实际应用中,应结合精度分析结果选择合理的测量方法以提高精度.     

快速高精度除法算法的FPGA实现

为在现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)中实现快速高精度除法,在传统的倒数除法的基础上,提出一种改进算法.对倒数求解采用泰勒级数展开结合优化搜索逼近,求出各个分区间内的拟合一次两项式,再通过一次牛顿迭代提高精度.时序仿真结果表明,以该算法构建的除法器易于在FPGA上实现,时延仅为6个时钟周期,能达到2(-34)的有效精度和86...     

Pursue or shoot? Effects of exercise-induced fatigue on the transition from running to rifle shooting in a pursuit task

To investigate to what degree exercise-induced fatigue influences behavioural choices, participants' transition from running to rifle shooting in a pursue-and-shoot task was assessed. Participants ran on a treadmill and chased a target in a virtual environment and were free to choose when to stop the treadmill and shoot at the target. Fatigue increased progressively throughout the 20-minute test. Results indicated that shooting accuracy was not affected by fatigue. However, the distance to the target at which participants decided to shoot showed a U-shaped relationship with fatigue, R² = 0.884, p = 0.013. At low fatigue levels (ratings of perceived exertion [RPE] < 6.5), the distance to the target at which participants shot decreased, whereas at higher fatigue levels (RPE > 6.5) shooting distance increased again. At high levels of fatigue, participants stopped running sooner, aimed at the target longer and shot less often. Findings indicate that physiological parameters influence not only perception but also actual transitions between different actions.     

Reciprocal Associations Between Adolescent Sexual Activity and Quality of Youth-Parent Interactions.

The authors examined differences in adolescents' relationships with their parents before and after adolescent first sexual activity. Participants were 13,570 members of the core sample of the National Longitudinal Survey of Adolescent Health (Add Health) Waves 1 and 2. Path analyses examined changes in parent-adolescent closeness, shared activities, and problem-focused interactions associated with changes in sexual activity separately for sons and daughters and for mothers and fathers. Race, religion, age, urbanicity, and parents' education were controls. Results confirm that increased problem-focused interactions and decreased parental closeness and shared activities both precede and follow adolescent sexual activity. Maintaining positive parental relations after adolescent first sexual activity is discussed as a means to reduce risks associated with sex. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)