Design trade-offs in self-management technology: the HeartMan case

ABSTRACT

Health self-management technology has the potential to significantly improve the Quality of Life of patients suffering from chronic diseases. However, designing the technology involves numerous highly context-dependent design decisions. In this paper, we analyse a case study of self-monitoring technology in the field of congestive heart failure. We analyse the design process of the technology from the perspective of design trade-offs. Three important trade-offs related to health self-monitoring technology are described in detail, related to patient autonomy, technology appropriation, and patient well-being. For each of the trade-offs, various mediating factors that influence design decisions are described in detail. On a practical level, this analysis can inform future developments in self-management technology. In addition, this design trade-off analysis provides intermediary knowledge that can contribute to a better theoretical understanding of health self-management technology.     

基于mobile agent的分布式网络自管理模型

为了解决大规模、异构网络环境下基于“管理员密集”的传统网络管理模式带来的低效率和高出错率问题，提出了一种网络自管理模型，从网络管理的自动初始化和动态自管理两个方面实现对网络自动、自主、自适应的管理；提出了管理定位服务这一关键技术，在多个管理站协同工作的分布式网络环境中为设备自动定位出合适的管理站及初始的管理任务；采用可伸缩的分布式体系结构，适应了大规模网络的规模可变性等特点；基于mobile agent的管理框架进一步提高了管理的自适应性和灵活性。     

A Strategy of Density-Based Partitioning for Scalability Problem in Network Self-management

A density-based partitioning strategy is proposed for large domain networks in order to deal with the scalability issue found in autonomic networks considering, as a scenario, the autonomic Quality of Service （QoS） management context. The approach adopted focus as on obtaining dense network partitions having more paths for a given vertices set in the domain. It is demonstrated that dense partitions improve autonomic processing scalability, for instance, reducing routing process complexity. The solution looks for a significant trade-off between partition autonomic algorithm execution time and path selection quality in large domains. Simulation scenarios for path selection execution time are presented and discussed. Authors argue that autonomic networks may benefit from the dense partition approach proposed by achieving scalable, efficient and near real-time support for autonomic management systems.     

Ad Hoc网络通信协议的设计与实现

提出一种自组织、自管理的Ad Hoc网络通信协议SOSM。该协议包括网络同步、广播消息、加入/退出网络、点到点数据传输等子协议,当节点加入或退出时网络能够自动识别和更新,节点之间能进行可靠数据传输,并采用频分多址、时分多址、载波监听多路访问等技术解决无线通信碰撞问题。应用实例表明,该协议易于实现,运行稳定。     

地下水取水工程二元管理结构浅析

目前,我国开发利用地下水结构不合理,大量的地下水资源用于农业灌溉,使得地下水资源未发挥出其特性。同时,超采地下水引起的地质环境问题愈演愈烈。地下水取水工程整体管理水平和能力与其客观要求仍有相当距离。二元制地下水取水工程管理制度可以为制定科学的管理手段及法规条例提供定量化的数据和技术支撑。     

Testing a Self-Determination Theory Process Model for Promoting Glycemic Control Through Diabetes Self-Management.

A longitudinal study tested the self-determination theory (SDT) process model of health behavior change for glycemic control within a randomized trial of patient activation versus passive education. Glycosylated hemoglobin for patients with Type 2 diabetes (n=159) was assessed at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. Autonomous motivation and perceived competence were assessed at baseline and 6 months, and the autonomy supportiveness of clinical practitioners was assessed at 3 months. Perceptions of autonomy and competence were promoted by perceived autonomy support, and changes in perceptions of autonomy and competence, in turn, predicted change in glycemic control. Self-management behaviors mediated the relation between change in perceived competence and change in glycemic control. The self-determination process model fit the data well. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

大学生信守社会主义核心价值观“三自”理性演进论——基于主体能动价值的实现

依据马克思主义哲学观对人的主体能动价值实现的条件，联系高校对大学生社会主义核心价值观培育的实践，尊重、培育、强化大学生信守社会主义核心价值观的主体性就应当基于其主体能动价值的实现，应当尊重、培育、强化自为、自觉、自由的“三自”理性的能动性，使之信守社会主义核心价值观的“三自”理性能动性向着由高校引领的方向演进。     

试论高校基建管理重心的转移

目前高校基建管理部门普遍采用自主管理下的项目管理为中心的模式,但已显现诸多弊端。高校基建管理的工作重心应该从项目管理逐渐转向校园规划、基建计划及基建投资管理,而项目管理工作可以借鉴采用近年来在非经营性政府投资项目中推行的代建制。     

Review and analysis of literature on self-management interventions to promote appropriate classroom behaviors (1988–2008).

In the late 1980s, J. W. Fantuzzo and colleagues conducted a review of the self-management literature in order to better define the characteristics of this class of interventions. Results indicated that many interventions were minimally student-directed despite the title “self-managed” and that student-managed interventions demonstrated incremental effects above teacher-managed interventions. In the current study, updated information was compiled with regard to how self-management interventions have been described, including the degree to which self-management interventions continue to rely on external (i.e., teacher) contingencies. Review of the literature identified 16 different characterizations of self-management interventions, each of which varied widely in terms of the number of intervention components included as well as the degree to which students were involved in implementation. Although self-observation and recording of a predefined behavior appear to be the cornerstones of self-management interventions, meaningful differences were noted, including whether reinforcement was involved and whether changes in performance were tracked over time. Furthermore, although self-management interventions appear to have undergone a small shift toward increased reliance on internal (i.e., student-managed) contingencies, adults continue to play a large role in the implementation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Stage of change in self-management of chronic diseases: Psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the University of Rhode Island Change Assessment (C-URICA) Scale.

Objective: The University of Rhode Island Change Assessment (URICA) Scale has been widely used to assess the readiness to change with regard to various health-related behaviors. The present study aimed to develop a Chinese version of the URICA (C-URICA) for measuring the readiness to change of Chinese participants with chronic diseases. Participants: A group of participants (N=101; 87 women and 14 men) in a chronic disease self-management program were asked to complete the C-URICA. Method: The C-URICA was conducted at the baseline, middle, and end of the 6-week program. Changes in self-management behaviors were also measured. Results: Factor analyses revealed a moderate item-to-subscale fit, indicating that structural validity was retained. Item analyses suggested a moderate item quality. The C-URICA subscales can differentially and effectively predict participants' gains in self-management behaviors at the completion of the intervention program. Conclusion: The C-URICA is suitable for use among Chinese patients with chronic diseases. Further studies should explore the generalizability of the results to different diagnostic groups and subgroups among Chinese populations. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)