离心萃取装置中硝酸羟胺还原反萃钚的研究

用十六级分离式混合—离心澄清萃取装置,在20-24℃,30-34℃,45-50℃等不同温度下进行了3B槽硝酸羟胺还原反萃钚的实验。结果表明,钚的收率均可达99.9%以上。在20-24℃时,有机相出口级附近几级的钚浓度较高,实验条件一旦波动,有可能造成钚的流失,且钚在萃取设备中有明显的积累。温度升高,14级反萃(停留时间约18min)时,钚的收率基本得到保证。     

斜板沉淀池前配水渠的数值模拟及结构优化

针对配水渠出水优化措施单一、优化效果欠佳的问题,运用CFD软件,采用Realizable k-ε湍流模型对其流速场进行数值模拟,探究了进口宽度（b）和配水渠宽度（B）变化时出水均匀度最优的配水渠长度（L）,并优化了挡墙在双段配水渠中的最佳位置。结果表明：配水渠进口集中主流在池内流域空间的扩散程度是出水均匀度的主要影响因素;当b在1 200~1 600 mm范围时,L取1 750~2 250 mm时的出水均匀度最优,若b大于1 600 mm,最优的L值须适当增加,但不应大于3 000 mm;当B为3 900 mm时,L最佳取值为1 750~2 250 mm,当B为5 300或6 700 mm时,最佳的L值应增加500 mm左右;采用双段配水渠时,挡墙位置应设在进口侧,而不应在配水渠的中间位置。该研究可为配水渠的设计提供一定的理论指导。     

ACTIFLO(R)技术用于海水净化处理的问题及解决方案

ACTIFLO(R)微砂加重絮凝斜管高效沉淀技术具有沉淀速度快、处理效果好、耐冲击负荷能力强和占地面积小等特点,目前被广泛应用于淡水净化领域.针对ACTIFLO(R)技术应用于我国东南沿海某电厂海水净化处理中出现的藻类繁殖与附着、斜管局部塌陷和斜管跑砂等问题,在分析问题成因的基础上,提出了相应的解决方案,以期有利于该技术的不断完善.     

An integrated system for hydrogen and methane production during landfill leachate treatment

The patent-pending integrated waste-to-energy system comprises both a novel biohydrogen reactor with a gravity settler (Biohydrogenator), followed by a second stage conventional anaerobic digester for the production of methane gas. This chemical-free process has been tested with a synthetic wastewater/leachate solution, and was operated at 37 °C for 45 d. The biohydrogenator (system (A), stage 1) steadily produced hydrogen with no methane during the experimental period. The maximum hydrogen yield was 400 mL H₂/g glucose with an average of 345 mL H₂/g glucose, as compared to 141 and 118 mL H₂/g glucose for two consecutive runs done in parallel using a conventional continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR, System (B)). Decoupling of the solids retention time (SRT) from the hydraulic retention time (HRT) using the gravity settler showed a marked improvement in performance, with the maximum and average hydrogen production rates in system (A) of 22 and 19 L H₂/d, as compared with 2–7 L H₂/d in the CSTR resulting in a maximum yield of 2.8 mol H₂/mol glucose much higher than the 1.1–1.3 mol H₂/mol glucose observed in the CSTR. Furthermore, while the CSTR collapsed in 10–15 d due to biomass washout, the biohydrogenator continued stable operation for the 45 d reported here and beyond. The methane yield for the second stage in system (A) approached a maximum value of 426 mL CH₄/gCOD removed, while an overall chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency of 94% was achieved in system (A).     

催化裂化装置未气化油的产生、影响和抑制措施

从催化裂化反应系统结焦物的组成出发,确定了未汽化油的存在;对未汽化油在反应系统中的产生、浓集过程进行讨论,分析未汽化油的危害及其产生的条件;选取6套装置,通过比较反应汽化段温度和原料露点判断原料汽化程度,并从微观角度分析造成未汽化油产生的原因;最后对应未汽化油的产生原因,提出了抑制措施,为生产提供指导。分析发现,重油催化裂化装置出现未汽化油是很难避免的,其对大多数装置的运行影响不大,但在特定情况下会产生反应系统结焦、烟机结垢等危害,因此应尽量减少未汽化油的生成。     

斜管沉淀池沉淀与排泥性能剖析

本文指出目前我国南方出现的由斜管沉淀池到平流沉淀池技术的逆转趋势，是由于斜管沉淀设备的排泥性能缺陷造成的。并且剖析了斜管积泥的原因，提出解决斜管中积泥的途径。最后提出小间距斜板沉淀池是发挥浅池沉淀池技术优势比较理想的更新换代设备。．     

优化闪速炉内衬与冷却件设计，提高生产能力

根据贵溪冶炼厂闪速炉第三次扩产改造,论述对闪速炉内衬、水冷元件的优化设计,提高闪速炉内衬工作能力,使Φ6 800 mm× 7 000 mm闪速炉由20万t/a铜再次扩产到30万t/a.说明优化设计可使老炉焕发新机.     

Flow and Heat Transfer Performance of Slag and Matte in the Settler of a Copper Flash Smelting Furnace

Simulation of two‐phase flow in a copper flash smelting settler with simultaneous tapping of slag and matte is carried out using Eulerian‐Eulerian two‐fluid model and the flow and heat transfer performance of slag and matte is examined. Detailed velocity vectors, temperature and volume fraction distributions are obtained. The results show that the small copper droplets will be suspended in the slag. When the droplet diameter is large enough, the slag and matte layer are clearly formed and the dispersion layer between the slag and matte layers becomes thinner at larger droplet sizes and its thickness remains nearly unchanged when the copper droplet diameter is larger than about 500 μm.     

基于Acitiflo^（R）加砂高效沉淀池试验分析

Acitiflo^（R）加砂高效沉淀池工艺在絮凝池中投加微砂作为絮体的核心,增强混凝絮凝沉淀的处理性能,试验进一步验证了Acitiflo^（R）加砂高效沉淀池用于自来水厂初沉池的处理效果和运行数据的初步确定,分析Acitiflo^（R）加砂高效沉淀池工艺对浊度和藻类去除的效果,预加氯不会影响Acitiflo^（R）加砂沉淀池的浊度去除效果,能增加藻类去除率。     

新型Actiflo~(R)加砂高速沉淀池及其工程应用

Actiflo~(R)加砂高速沉淀池是威立雅水务技术在常规高效沉淀池(高密池)的基础上研发的新一代高效沉淀装置.该装置采用了投加微砂及回流技术,具有工艺灵活可靠、适应性强、耐冲击负荷能力强、占地少、土建投资低以及出水水质好等特点.介绍了该工艺的主要特点和国内外一些项目的应用情况,为在国内进一步推广、应用提供参考.