论高校社会主义荣辱观教育的增效原则与方法

高校要切实有效地开展社会主义荣辱观教育,必须坚持“三贴近”原则,提高荣辱观教育的针对性;要注重教育方法,增强践行荣辱观的主动性;要防止教育偏差,提高荣辱观教育的实效性,从而将社会主义荣辱观真正内化为学生人格,达到教育目的。     

大学生"耻感"现状及其培养

耻感文化是中国传统文化的重要组成部分,是中华伦理文化的重要范畴,已经根深蒂固地融入大学生的道德实践之中.随着社会的发展,传统伦理价值体系及不合理的既有道德与社会发展趋势的矛盾日益暴露出来,道德主体行为没有明确的价值目标,加之社会上的歪风邪气给大学生带来的负面影响,使得有些大学生荣辱不分、耻感淡化.因此,在大学生中加强“耻感“教育与培养十分必要.     

The experience of shame in psychotherapy supervision.

Notes that shame is a complex and powerful experience that is difficult for therapists to address. The purpose of this article is to help therapists on both sides of the supervision dyad have a better understanding of shame and its defenses. In order to elucidate the inevitable shame that arises in supervision, this article first describes the nature of shame, beginning with its early manifestations in interpersonal relationships with primary caregivers. It also includes a short section on the adaptive nature of shame. Because individuals develop characteristic ways of coping with it, it is suggested that shame may be concealed from oneself and others through withdrawal, avoidance, attack on self, and attack on others. These characteristic reactions to shame are discussed in detail because they influence how shame is manifested. Four vignettes illustrate how each defensive reaction may be manifested in supervision, and suggestions for minimizing the adverse impact of shame are proffered. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

试论荣辱内涵的历史变迁

"荣"与"辱"是对人的行为进行道德评价的道德范畴,不同的时代有不同的荣辱观.先秦时代以"仁""义""礼"为荣辱的内涵和道德评判准则;宋明时代加剧了先秦所发端的"道义论"倾向,极端贬抑利益,事功学派肯定了对功利的追求,但不为社会主流所接纳;近代荣辱观肯定了公利;现代以"八荣八耻"为内涵的荣辱观既继承了古代荣辱内涵的优秀传统又融入了时代的特色,明确了当代中国最基本的价值取向和行为准则,是个人行动的向导,也是构建社会主义和谐社会的必需.     

Screen time: Clinical notes regarding Meissner's (2006) chronically late patient.

This communication is a commentary on William W. Meissner's presentation (see record 2006-20697-003) of a patient who chronically came late for sessions. The time duration of analytic work-relatively restricted per hour yet potentially limitless in overall duration-represents an existential paradox that is fundamental to the basic representational qualities of mental experience, and inherent in a mute way in the analytic frame. It is to be expected that the latent temporal elements of the patient's conflicts will inevitably challenge this aspect of the frame, subtly coercing patient and analyst to recreate these novel dimensions. If the analyst is too cautious regarding the inevitability of countertransference reactions to such a patient, important developmental opportunities may be missed. I suspect that the chronic lateness and absence that characterized the work with this patient screened an early, nonmentalized trauma that had torn a hole in the foundations of the patient's sense of time, and was inadvertently expressed by Meissner in an entirely atypical manner. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Not so ugly after all: When shame acts as a commitment device.

Most psychological theories and research on shame focus on the ugly aspects and negative consequences of this emotion. Theories on moral emotions, however, assume that shame acts as a commitment device motivating prosocial behavior. To solve this apparent paradox, the authors studied the effects of shame on prosocial behavior. Shame was hypothesized to motivate prosocial behavior when it was relevant for the decision at hand (endogenous). In contrast, shame that was not relevant for the decision at hand (exogenous) was hypothesized to have no such effects. Four experiments with three different shame inductions and two different measures of prosocial behavior confirmed that endogenous shame motivated prosocial behavior for proselfs but that exogenous shame did not. Shame is shown to have a clear interpersonal function in the sense that it acts as a commitment device. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Narcissism: Reflections on others' images of an elusive concept.

This review covers 3 works pertaining to narcissistic phenomena, primarily narcissistic disturbance but also, by implication, normal narcissism. Those of Bach and Johnson are discussions, more personal than systematic, of the conceptualization and treatment of narcissistic character disorders. Bach's is addressed primarily to a psychoanalytic audience; Johnson's, while leaning on psychoanalytic concepts, is addressed more to a general audience of psychotherapeutic practitioners. The third work, Nathanson's edited collection, discusses not narcissism but a closely related topic--perhaps its conceptual twin--shame. The purpose of this review, in addition to assessment of the merits of these 3 volumes, is to use these contributions to clarify current thinking about narcissism and narcissistic pathology. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Internalized homophobia and adult attachment: Implications for clinical practice.

Two hundred eighty-six men and women who identified as lesbian, gay, or bisexual (LGB) were surveyed using measures of attachment, internalized homophobia, shame, and guilt. Results indicated that secure attachment was negatively correlated with internalized homophobia, shame, and guilt. Fearful and preoccupied attachments were positively correlated with these constructs, accounting for 36.9% of the variance in scores. Results are discussed in terms of the therapeutic relationship, with the therapist serving as a secure base for LGB clients working through issues of internalized homophobia and social isolation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

中国传统荣辱观的现代价值认同

传统荣辱观的现代价值主要表现在:首先,传统荣辱观中所阐发的美德思想、美德典范,有助于唤起人们的道德良知,激发人的进取向上精神,由此而成为社会主义现代化建设的重要精神动力;其次,传统荣辱观所倡导的历代劳动人民的优良品质,是促进社会主义现代化建设和社会主义荣辱观建设的积极因素;第三,传统荣辱观中涉及的一些伦理思想,存在与社会主义现代化相一致的合理内容,与构建社会主义荣辱观具有一定渊源关系,应该采取批判性继承的科学态度。     

The impact of shame on the psychoanalysis of a borderline child.

Clinical psychoanalysis has ignored shame as the source of psychopathology, despite a burgeoning literature. Here the authors present an analysis carried out with a hospitalized child diagnosed as borderline. The analyst's efforts to interpret the patient's self-concealing behaviors elicited intensified shame reactions not clearly understood at the time. Here the authors explore the evolutionary and developmental origins of shame as a primary affect modifying the interest the organism has in novel stimuli. The authors briefly explain why clinicians overlook the relationship of shame to both psychopathology and psychoanalytic technique. In this case, the illness, based largely on the child's chronic experience of humiliation, remitted in response to the supportive influence of an extraordinarily sensitive hospital setting combined with the analyst's growing willingness to accept the child's positive response to being accepted on his own grounds. These laid the foundation for a psychoanalytic process to take place. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)