切尔诺贝利事故释放的~(131)I所致牧草、奶类的污染水平及其变化规律

本文报道了苏联切尔诺贝利核电站事故释放的~(131)I对乌鲁木齐地区牧草、奶类的污染水平及动态变化规律。经估算,~(131)I经奶类所致成人(1.2μSv)和婴儿(120μSv)甲状腺最大待积剂量当量远低于我国放射卫生防护基本标准规定的年剂量限值,因此,对居民健康不会产生影响。     

131I治疗经ATD治疗后复发甲亢的短期疗效观察

对68例经ATD治疗复发后的甲亢患者，采用以^131I治疗为主的综合性治疗。结果显示，^131I经ATD治疗复发的甲亢疗效理想；及时监测甲状腺激素水平，功能异常时适时达量辅以ATD或甲状腺素制剂很有必要。     

Household energy consumption versus income and relative standard of living: A panel approach

Our fundamental premise is that energy consumption at the household level is a key indicator of standard of living. We employ state-of-the-art panel cointegration techniques to evaluate the nature of the relationship between income measures and energy consumption measures for seven East Indian Ocean countries. The general finding is that income and household electricity consumption are not cointegrated. Given this finding, we conclude that standard of living measures that rely on income measures and do not include household-level energy consumption information will necessarily miss important indications of both levels and changes of standard of living.     

131I-epidepride的制备与SD大鼠体内分布特性研究

采用双氧水标记法和氯胺 -T法进行13 1I -epidepride标记 ,考察标记物的纯度及稳定性 ,并进行SD大鼠体内分布特性研究。实验结果表明 ,双氧水法和氯胺 -T法标记率分别为 97.4 %和 5 2 .9%。标记物的生理盐水溶液室温放置 4h ,放化纯大于 90 %。大鼠静脉注射13 1I -epide pride的生理盐水溶液后 ,纹状体与小脑比值在注射后 32 0min时高达 2 37:1。13 1I -epidepride进入血液后很快被组织摄取 ,其中以肺的早期摄取最高 (2 .11± 1.0 5 ) %ID·g- 1,各脏器的清除均较快 (T1/2 <4h) ,甲状腺的摄取率随时间的延长而增加。     

~(131)I-Lym-2单克隆抗体实验研究

不同浓度的~(131)I-Lym-2 MoAb与ARH-77和CEM细胞进行结合试验,结果表明:随浓度增大,结合值均升高;实验组裸鼠模型9只获得动力学数据。实验组和对照组注射~(131)I-Lym-2 MoAb后144h解剖,进行生物学分布(％D/g)测定,实验组肿瘤为16.88±12.64,肌肉为0.72±0.56。结果表明,~(131)I-131-Lym-2MoAb对临床B细胞淋巴瘤的放射免疫分析、显像有良好的效果。     

空气中^131I的取样和测量方法的研究

本文介绍一种气态和气载~(131)I 取样器。着重介绍了一种指数分布源的效率刻度方法,讨论了与取样有关的一些问题。     

^125I,^131I诱发小鼠精子畸形发生率比较

本文选用 ICR 雄性小鼠,经腹腔分别注射不同剂量的~(125)I 及~(131)I,观察并比较它们对小鼠精子畸形发生率的影响及染毒后睾丸中放射性活度的变化。实验结果表明:(1)~(125)I 染毒后4—5周,0、185、370和555 kBq 各组精子畸形发生率分别为9.00‰、9.57‰、11.6‰及13.9‰;~(131)I 染毒后4—5周,上述各组精子畸形发生率分别为8.50‰、12.5‰、14.7‰和15.5‰;在相同注入量下,~(125)I 与~(131)I 诱发小鼠精子畸形发生率的差异各组均不显著(X~2检验,p>0.05)。(2)~(125)I、~(131)I 染毒后2h 至7天内,两者在睾丸中的放射性活度及变化规律相似,即在染毒后2h 达最高值,每克睾丸中~(125)I 和~(131)I 的放射性活度分别占初始注入量(370 kBq)的0.72％和0.50％,然后迅速下降,至一周时,仅分别占初始注入量的0.035％和0.011％。     

Changes in percentage of lymphocyte subsets after ^131I treatment in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer

To monitor the extent and the duration of lymphocyte subset changes in patients with thyroid carcinoma undergoing therapeutic ^131I administration, the percentage of lymphocyte subsets were serially analyzed before and after ^131I treatment. In patients who received 1850 MBq of ^131I for ablation of thyroid remnants, only tor NK cells and B cells showed a significant reduction. In patients received 3700 MBq of ^131I for treatment of local lymph node metastases, NK cells, B cells and CD4＋ were found decreased. In patients received 7400 MBq of ^131I for treatment of distant metastases, NK cells, B cells and CD4＋ and CD8＋ were all affected. However, there is no significant reduction compared to the baseline in the percentage of all lymphocyte subsets three months after ^131I treatment. The results show that the sensitivity of lymphocytes to ^131I internal radiation depends upon lymphocyte phenotype and ^131I activity. The immunosuppression effects are temporary and reversible.     

碳酸锂在131I治疗Graves病中的应用

简要评述了碳酸锂对甲状腺摄碘率、甲状腺体积、甲状腺激素等的影响以及临床应用的适用范围.锂离子可以增加131I在甲状腺的停留时间,减少1311用量并提高治疗效果.同时,碳酸锂有抑制甲状腺合成、释放甲状腺激素的作用,可望通过服用碳酸锂减轻131I治疗后由于甲状腺激素水平升高引起的症状和体征.另外,由于碳酸锂有一定的升白细胞作用,因此碳酸锂与131I联合应用治疗Graves病(GD)有一定的适应症.     

~(131)I治疗青少年和儿童Graves''''病的临床应用

对131I治疗儿童和青少年Graves'病的疗效和副作用以及131I的剂量对治疗Graves'病的影响进行了论述。50多年的医疗实践证明,131I治疗儿童和青少年Graves'病是安全、有效的,并应该作为首选的治疗方法。