Extraction of Metal(Ti,V,Mo)-oxyl Cations by Monoacidic Phosphates and Phosphonates

The extraction of TiO~(2+),VO~(2+),VO_2~+ and MoO_2~(2+)by HDEHP,HEHEHP and HDTMPP was studiedrespectively.The orders of extraction ability for the three extractant systems are as follows:for TiO~(2+),VO~(2+):HDEHP>HEHEHP>HDTMPP;for VO_2~+, MoO_2~(2+):HDEHP< HEHEHP< HDTMPP.The experimental results were discussed from the point of view of extractant structures.     

HDEHP从硝酸底液中萃取UO_2~(2+)动力学研究

本文采用上升液滴法研究HDEHP-煤油溶液从硝酸底液中萃取UO_2~(2+)的动力学。根据本文实验数据,HDEHP萃取UO_2~(2+)的速率可以下列动力学方程表示:R=K[UO_2~(2+)]aq[HA]~2(o)实验测定了改变温度(15至40℃)对萃取速率的影响,用Arrhenius式可求得萃取反应的表观活化能为16.0kJ/mol。由实验结果推测,HDEHP从硝酸底液萃取UO_2~(2+)的反应,可能按下列三步进行:其中反应(1)生成两相界面配合物是萃取速率的控制步骤.     

韧致辐射法同时测量90Sr和90Y

本工作提出了用韧致辐射法同时测量样品中~(90)Sr和~(90)Y的设想.采用二(2-乙基已基)磷酸萃取制备无~(90)Y的~(90)Sr溶液,应用阱型NaI(Tl)探测器进行跟踪测量,得到~(90)Sr与~(90)Y探测效率比k.根据k值,跟踪测量未知样品,可以得到样品中~(90)Sr和~(90)Y的量.因此可以直接用~(90)Sr-~(90)Y作为Y的示踪剂.     

HDEHP在硫酸溶液中萃取分离轻稀土性能研究

研究了 HDEHP在硫酸溶液中萃取分离轻稀土离子时有机相浓度、皂化剂类型、有机相皂化率、料液酸度对萃取饱和容量、分配比、分离系数的影响 ,确定了最佳萃取工艺参数 ,测定了轻稀土离子的分配比和分离系数。     

土壤中^90Sr含量测定的改进方法

本文介绍了土壤９０Ｓｒ含量测定的改进方法。重点研究了２１０Ｂｉ对９０Ｓｒ测定于扰的去除，采用Ｂｉ２Ｓ３沉淀和１ｍｏｌ／ＬＨＣｌ洗涤的方法，使对铋的去污因子由１２．２提高到１０５０；分析５０ｇ土壤时，钇的化学回收率平均为（７２．９±１７．３）％，检测限为０．２７Ｂｑ／ｋｇ；将土壤样品分别用快速法和放置法进行测定，得到的９０Ｓｒ含量的测定结果基本一致。     

一种确定HDEHP聚合态的方法

本文提出了一种测定金属离子在两相中的分配系数以确定HDEHP在不同稀释剂(或萃淋树脂)中的聚合态的方法。此方法较以往根据二聚常数来判断聚合态的方法更为准确可靠,而且可在较低金属离子浓度时测得萃淋树脂萃取容量,也较常用饱和容量法简便。     

HDEHP萃取镓的机理

引言镓与伴生元素铝、铁和铜的分离可用20%TBP-二甲基溶液从盐酸或硫酸溶液中萃取镓来实现,萃取效率可高达99.9%以上,但必须在浓盐酸条件下进行。Morris用中性磷类萃取剂TBP从盐酸溶液中萃取氯化镓时,观察到溶液中酸度为0.2—0.6 mol/l时,镓     

HDEHP从含有大量Ag(Ⅰ)的硝酸溶液中萃取In(Ⅲ)

前言 ~(111)In是近年来很受人们注意的一种医用同位素。产生~(111)In的主要核反应有~(109)Ag(α,2n)~(111)In,~(111)Cd(p,n)~(111)In,~(111)Cd(d,2n)~(111)In。In(Ⅲ)的分离方法有HCl沉淀Ag(Ⅰ)法;阴离子交换法;甲基异丁基酮萃取法;把In(Ⅲ)转化为溴化物后,用异丙醚萃取,再用8M HCl反萃取等方法。用二(2-乙基己基)磷酸(HDEHP)萃取\n(Ⅲ)的报道尚未多见。     

Review Article: A Review of the Development and Operational Characteristics of the TALSPEAK Process

Abstract

The separation of trivalent transplutonium actinides from fission product lanthanide ions represents arguably the most challenging aspect of advanced nuclear fuel partitioning schemes. A considerable amount of effort has been dedicated to the development of effective methods for accomplishing this separation, essential for transmutation of the actinides heavier than Pu. Among the methods currently considered to be ready for technological deployment is the TALSPEAK (Trivalent Actinide ‐ Lanthanide Separation by Phosphorus reagent Extraction from Aqueous Komplexes) Process, developed in the late 1960s at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. This process is based on the partitioning of lanthanides and actinides between an acidic organophosphorus extractant ((RO)₂PO₂H) solution and an aqueous phase containing a high concentration of a carboxylic acid buffer and a polyaminopolycarboxylate complexant. The latter reagent is principally responsible for holding back the trivalent actinides, allowing the selective transfer of the lanthanides into the organic phase. Several combinations of different extractants and aqueous complexants have been investigated, as have the effect of diluent, temperature and p[H⁺] on separation efficiency. In this report, the prior literature is examined to help provide guidance for potential deployment of the technology in advanced nuclear fuel cycles and to identify opportunities for fine‐tuning the process.     

Dependence of Lanthanide-Ion Binding Performance on HDEHP Concentration in HDEHP Impregnation to Porous Sheet

An octadecylamino-group-introduced polymer chain grafted onto a porous sheet was impregnated with bis(2-ethylhexyl)hydrogen phosphate (HDEHP). A mixture of HDEHP and ethanol of various HDEHP concentrations was used for the impregnation. The porous sheet into which a C₁₈H₃₇NH group was introduced was immersed in HDEHP/ethanol solution before ethanol evaporation. The liquid permeability of a cartridge charged with the HDEHP-impregnated porous sheet in disk form prepared in 50 (v/v)% HDEHP/ethanol solution was 96% that of the starting-porous-disk-packed cartridge. The equilibrium binding capacity of the HDEHP-impregnated porous disk for yttrium ions was 0.32 mol per kg of the disk. In addition, the HDEHP-impregnated-porous-disc-packed cartridge was found to be applicable to the preconcentration of trace amounts of lanthanides in a multielement solution prior to their measurement by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.