氧化镧中放射性的去除——Ⅳ.P_(507)-HNO_3体系萃取法去除氧化镧中放射性的扩大试验

本文给出了在P_(507)-HNO_3体系中去除氧化镧中放射性的工艺流程及用混合澄清槽作为萃取设备,在上海跃龙化工厂完成的扩大试验结果。试验表明:α放射性、铁和钙的去污系数都大于1000,镧的回收率大于96％,产品中α放射性小于1计数/h,Fe_2O_3<5ppm,CaO<50ppm,达到了荧光级氧化镧的要求。该流程操作简便、设备简单、稳定性好,可以应用于工业生产。     

Extraction of Metal(Ti,V,Mo)-oxyl Cations by Monoacidic Phosphates and Phosphonates

The extraction of TiO~(2+),VO~(2+),VO_2~+ and MoO_2~(2+)by HDEHP,HEHEHP and HDTMPP was studiedrespectively.The orders of extraction ability for the three extractant systems are as follows:for TiO~(2+),VO~(2+):HDEHP>HEHEHP>HDTMPP;for VO_2~+, MoO_2~(2+):HDEHP< HEHEHP< HDTMPP.The experimental results were discussed from the point of view of extractant structures.     

Influence of isooctanol on the interfacial activity and mass transfer of ytterbium(III) using 2‐ethylhexylphosphonic acid mono‐2‐ethylhexyl ester as an acidic extractant

BACKGROUND: Introducing an adduct into an extractant system is an effective method of improving extraction performance. The effect of additives upon extraction is very important, especially in the case of interfacial behaviour. In most work published in the literature, there is little data on the interfacial behaviour of extractants and modifiers. As the mass transfer must pass through an interface, the influence of isooctanol on the interfacial activity and mass transfer of ytterbium(III) using 2‐ethylhexylphosphonic acid mono‐2‐ethlhexyl ester has been investigated. RESULTS: With increasing amounts of isooctanol, the interfacial tension and surface excess (Γ_max) of the 2‐ethylhexylphosphonic acid mono‐2‐ethylhexyl ester(HEHEHP)–isooctanol system decreased, and the area of the absorbed HEHEHP molecule (A_min) increased. The interfacial activity of the HEHEHP–isooctanol system varied significantly depending on ionic strength and temperature and the mass transfer flux decreased with increasing isooctanol content. CONCLUSION: Isooctanol has a strong influence on the interfacial activity of the HEHEHP system. The influence of isooctanol on the mass transfer rate of ytterbium extraction has been discussed qualitatively. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry     

HEHEHP+TBPO体系对UO_2SO_4的协同萃取

本文研究了用HEHEHP+TBPO的甲苯溶液萃取UO_2SO_4,水相条件pH=2.00,硫酸根的总浓度为0.500M。实验结果表明,生成的萃合物组成为UO_2(HA_2)A·TBPO,1gβ_(12)=5.02±0.07。     

协同萃取体系的研究——Ⅰ.DMHMP和HEHEHP协同萃取钍的机理

本文研究了甲基膦酸二(1-甲庚)酯(DMHMP)和2-乙基己基膦酸单(2-乙基己基)酯(HEHEHP)在硝酸介质中对钍的协同萃取。用斜率法测得协萃络合物的组成为Th(NO_3)_2·(HA_2)_2·DMHMP。在20℃时维持离子强度μ=0.5,协萃反应平衡常数logβ_(12)=7.65。并求得了该反应的热力学函数△H,△Z和△S分别为～7.14kcal·mol~(-1)、-10.3kcal·mol~(-1)和10.6cal·mol~(-1)·K~(-1)。依据锥角堆积模型讨论了协萃反应的机理。     

氧化镧中放射性的去除 Ⅲ.离心萃取器台架试验

本文叙述了用离心萃取器进行HEHEHP-硝酸体系的镧、锕萃取分离台架试验。试验结果表明,HEHEHP是一种优良的镧、锕分离萃取剂,离心萃取器是一种良好的萃取分离实验设备。体系的pH值,流比、洗涤段级数等因素是影响锕净化的主要因素。在合适的工艺条件下,镧的回收率为91—99％;总α放射性的净化系数达300—1900倍;钙的净化系数达300—600倍,成品中钙含量小于50ppm。试验所得的数据为工业生产提供了资料。     

Synergistic extraction of heavy rare earths by mixture of α-aminophosphonic acid HEHAMP and HEHEHP

Synergistic extraction of heavy rare earths(REs) were investigated in chloride media by the mixture of(2-ethylhexylamino)methyl phosphonic acid mono-2-ethylhexyl ester(HEHAMP) and 2-ethylhexyl phosphoric acid mono-2-ethylhexyl ester(HEHEHP). The maximum synergistic enhancement coefficients(R) of Lu, Yb, Tm, Er, Y and Ho are 2.89, 2.76, 2.54, 2.14, 2.14 and 2.06, respectively, when the mole fraction X_(HEHAMP) is 0.5. The synergistic separation factors of the heavy REs are obtained(β_(Y/Ho)=1.31,β_(Er/Y)= 1.61,β_(Tm/Er)= 1.78, β_(Yb/Tm)= 1.76, β_(Lu/Yb) = 1.20). The extracted complex is determined to be RE[H(EHAMP)_2][H(EHEHP)_2]_2 by the slope analysis method. The loading capacities of the mixtures consisting of 15% HEHAMP and 15% HEHEHP for Y and Lu are about 26.59 g/L(Yb_2 O_3) and 27.25 g/L(Lu_2 O_3),respectively.     

协同萃取体系的研究——Ⅱ.DMHMP和HEHEHP协同萃取UO_2(NO_3)_2的机理

本文研究了甲基膦酸二(1-甲庚)酯(DMHMP)和2-乙基已基膦酸单(2-乙基己基)酯(HEHEHP)协同萃取硝酸钠酰。用斜率法测得协萃络合物的组成为UO_2(NO_3)(HA_2)·DMHMP。在20℃时(离子强度为0.5)协萃反应平衡常数1gβ_(12)=4.95。并求得了热力学函数ΔH、ΔZ和ΔS分别为—2.50×10~4J·mol~(-1)、-2.75×10~4J·mol~(-1)和8.61J·mol~(-1)·K~(-1)。依据锥角堆积模型讨论了协萃反应机理。     

氧化镧中放射性的去除——Ⅱ.几种常用有机磷萃取剂对镧和锕的萃取分离研究

本文比较了工业上常用的几种有机磷萃取剂对镧锕的分离能力,选定2-乙基已基膦酸单(2-乙基己基)酯(P_(507))作为氧化镧除放的萃取剂,并对P_(507)萃取分离镧锕的影响因素(如平衡水相pH值,平衡水相中镧浓度及萃取剂浓度等)进行了深入研究。给出了镧锕分配比和分离系数的数学模型,为氧化镧除放射性的工艺流程设计提供了可靠的依据。     

EXTRACTION OF AMERICIUM AND LIGHT RARE EARTHS BY 2－ETHYL HEXYL PHOSPHONIC ACID 2－ETHYL HEXYL ESTER

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