Controlling rheology and structure of sweet potato starch noodles with high broccoli powder content by hydrocolloids

Incorporating high volume fractions of broccoli powder in starch noodle dough has a major effect on its shear modulus, as a result of significant swelling of the broccoli particles. Several hydrocolloids with distinct water binding capacity (locust bean gum (LBG), guar gum, konjac glucomannan (KG), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and xanthan gum), were added to systems with 4 and 20% (v/v dry based) broccoli particles, and the effect of this addition on dough rheology, mechanical properties and structure of cooked noodles was investigated. Hydrocolloids with low (LBG and guar gum) and intermediate (KG) water binding capacity had no significant effect on shear rheology of the dough. Adding hydrocolloids with high water binding capacity (HPMC and xanthan gum) decreased the shear modulus of dough with 20% broccoli particles significantly. CLSM analysis of cooked noodles showed that in samples containing xanthan gum there was also an inhibition of swelling of starch granules. Strength and stiffness of cooked noodles with 20% broccoli particles were higher for samples containing xanthan gum, than samples without xanthan gum. The cooking loss and swelling index of samples with added hydrocolloids were slightly lower than samples without hydrocolloids. Our results showed that hydrocolloids with high water binding capacity can be used to control the degree of swelling of vegetable particles and starch granules in starch noodle products, and thereby control both dough rheology and textural properties of the cooked noodles.     

兰州拉面对小麦籽粒质量性状的要求分析

为明确兰州拉面对小麦籽粒质量性状的要求,依据黄淮冬麦区70个冬小麦品种制作兰州拉面的"制作过程评价总分"和"产品感官评价总分",采用聚类分析方法对小麦品种分类,比较不同类型小麦品种主要籽粒质量性状的差异和特点。结果表明,不同类型小麦品种的主要籽粒质量性状间存在显著差异。优质兰州拉面对小麦品种籽粒质量性状要求为:容重≥790 g/L,籽粒色泽b*值21~22,籽粒蛋白质质量分数13.0%~14.0%,湿面筋质量分数28%~30%,小麦粉破损淀粉含量18.0~22.0 UCDc,峰值黏度≥490 BU,衰减值≤80 BU。研究结果可以为小麦育种家培育兰州拉面专用小麦品种,拉面专用粉生产原粮选择,餐饮业拉面面粉选择,拉面专用粉的标准制定等提供参考。     

Reduction of rutin loss in buckwheat noodles and their physicochemical characterisation

Tartary buckwheat was subjected to hydrothermal treatments for minimising rutin loss in buckwheat-based foods by water addition. When native buckwheat flour was mixed with water for 60 min, the rutin content was distinctly reduced from 3.74 g/100 g to 0.31 g/100 g, increasing the amount of quercetin. However, the rutin content remained constant and quercetin was hardly detected in hydrothermally-treated buckwheat flour. Also, when noodles were prepared with wheat and buckwheat flours (7:3, w/w), the noodle samples containing hydrothermally-treated buckwheat flour, showed higher amounts of rutin (more than 0.83 g/100 g) than the control noodle with native buckwheat flour (0.27 g/100 g). In addition, the use of hydrothermally-treated buckwheat flour gave less pasting parameters and lower viscoelastic properties. The noodle dough with hydrothermally-treated buckwheat flour also had greater water absorption and development time during mixing while the elongation stress of the noodle dough was reduced.     

食品添加剂在面制品中的应用

主要介绍了食品添加剂在面制品加工中的应用情况，列举出了常用的、有代表性的食品添加剂品种。     

食品添加剂在面制品中的应用

主要介绍了食品添加剂在面制品加工中的应用情况,列举出了常用的、有代表性的食品添加剂品种。     

Development of a Method for Manufacturing Noodles from Finger Millet

Available methods of preparing foods from finger millet at home are laborious, time consuming, and people are reluctant to prepare foods from finger millet even though finger millet is a nutritionally important food item. Also, there are hardly any food items prepared from finger millet in the market, and less attention has been given to finger millet. As a solution for this problem, a study was carried out to develop a medium scale method for manufacturing of noodles from finger millet with maximum substitution, and tests were conducted by using a process line used to manufacture rice noodles with modifications. Based on the results of the preliminary experiments, main tests were carried out with blending ratios of finger millet to rice flour percentages of 50:50 and 100:0 with three replicates. Flours were mixed with water to increase the moisture content up to 35% and pellets were formed. Paste prepared by steaming the pellets was extruded to make sheets, and they were sent to an extruder to form noodles. Formed noodles were sterilized at 100⁰C, cut to 4 inches length pieces and sent to a dryer. Temperature of drying air was maintained about 40-45⁰C. It was found that the moisture content and percentage total solids in gruel of both types of produced noodles were satisfied the maximum allowable level for rice noodles i.e.12% and 8% according to SLS 858. Sensory evaluation results revealed that both types of noodles produced with finger millet were highly acceptable and 100% finger millet noodles were shown a higher acceptability in colour than 50% finger millet noodles. Developed finger millet noodles packed in PET/LDPE bags can be stored more than 1.5 years without any deterioration of quality. Hence, the developed method can be used to manufacture 100% finger millet noodles commercially on a medium scale level. Cost of production is 250 SLR per kg.     

LL方便湿面生产线煮锅换热器的设计

LL方便湿面生产线煮面锅是生产线中的关键设备，结合湿面生产线试制过程中的经验教训，从理论上提出了一种煮面锅换热器的设计方法。     

玉米淀粉粉条增筋剂的研究

以食用胶，竣甲基纤维素钠，复合盐为添加辅料，通过单因子，多因子正交实验，研究出增筋性能较好的增筋剂。配方为：竣甲基纤维素钠０．３％，复合盐Ｉ０．０１％，复合盐Ⅱ０．０２％，复合盐Ⅲ０．０３％。     

Studies on suitability of wheat flour blends with sweet potato,colocasia and water chestnut flours for noodle making

Blends of refined wheat flour (RWF) with colocasia (CF), sweet potato (SPF) and water chestnut (WCF) flours respectively at replacement level of 25 g/100 g were assessed for their suitability for noodles making. All the native flours as well as their blends with RWF exhibited restricted swelling behavior. Incorporation of SPF or CF into RWF decreased the peak viscosity of flour blends. Noodles prepared from respective flour blends of SPF and CF with RWF showed lower cooking time, higher cooked weight, higher water uptake and higher gruel solid loss in comparison to control sample (RWF noodles). Among blend flours noodles, RWF and SPF blend noodles were rated superior for their organoleptic/eating characteristics of slipperiness, firmness, appearance but undesirable high value of tooth packing. Noodle with acceptable quality characteristics and decreased level of gluten, which may prove beneficial for celiac persons, can be developed using RWF blends with non-conventional flours like colocasia, sweet potato and water chestnut.