平台水处理DCS系统报警限值在线管理实现

海上石油生产环境的恶劣性决定了海洋平台水处理DCS系统工控参数报警限值的重要性,而海上注采生产工艺的改进以及设备的更新均会导致平台水处理工艺被检测工控参数报警限值的变动。本文运用组态软件RSView32的内嵌式开发语言VBA,结合网络技术与数据库管理技术,研究并实现了平台水处理DCS系统对工控参数报警限值的在线管理。系统的长期运行证明了该种方法的可行性和实用性。     

Managers’ noticing of new organizational IT and influences of IT attributes

Utilizing information processing theory as a lens and integrating various literatures, this paper first develops a process-based conceptualization of managers’ noticing of new organizational information technology (OIT) that occurs prior to managers’ sensemaking. Then, using the developed conceptualization as a theoretical grounding, this paper derives propositions regarding the influences of OIT attributes on noticing. This paper contributes to the literature on IT and innovation adoption, technology frame and organizing vision, and managerial cognition and opportunity recognition. This paper concludes by suggesting future research directions and by providing practical guidelines for proponents/detractors of new OIT striving to influence potential adopters’ noticing.     

Integrating objective and subjective hazard risk in decision-aiding system design

A generalized model is presented to incorporate objective (hard) and subjective (soft) hazard information in automated decision-aiding systems. The model may be used with more than one hazard, of more than one type, in a given problem. Uncertainties in state measurements, dynamics, hazard extent, and hazard severity are included, as is the consideration of the fact that different operators may have different concepts of what is an acceptable or unacceptable risk. By examining the tradeoffs created by these uncertainties, appropriate decision thresholds can be selected. Using an aviation case study, information gained from observation of aircraft behavior in the presence of weather was used to develop a model of weather as a soft hazard. This information can then be used in a decision aid to provide feedback on route acceptability.     

The impact of alerting design on air traffic controllers' response to conflict detection and resolution

Purposes: The research aim is to develop a better design of auditory alerts that can improve air traffic controllers' situation awareness.MethodParticipants are seventy-seven qualified Air Traffic Controllers. The experiment was conducted in the Air Traffic Control operational rooms of the Irish Aviation Authority at Shannon and Dublin. Participants were advised that the trials were in relation to the Operational Air Traffic Control system. ANOVA with two between-subject factors (alerting designs and experience levels) were conducted to analyze the ATCO's response time for three critical events. Bonferroni test was performed for post-hoc analysis on mean differences of response time.ResultsThere is a significant difference in ATCO's response time between acoustic alert and semantic alert across STCA, APW and MSAW. No significant main effect of controllers' experience on ATCO's response time for STCA and APW. Also, there is no significant interaction between alerting design and experience level on ATCO's response time across STCA, APW and MSAW.ConclusionThe results demonstrated that the acoustic alert deployed within the ATM system provides level-1 Situational Awareness to ATCO's compared with an semantic alert which provides not only level-1 of situational awareness for perceived alerts, but also level-2 and level-3 of situational awareness to assist ATCO understanding of critical events and therefore develop more suitable solutions. Consequently, human-centered design of a semantic alert can significantly speed up ATCO's response to STCA, and APW. Furthermore, the semantic alert could alleviate expertise differences by promoting quicker response times for both novice and experienced air traffic controllers.     

基于性能的复杂报警系统设计方法研究

报警系统的报警阈值对报警性能影响很大,合理的设计出报警系统的报警阈值是我们研究报警系统技术过程中的重要问题.文中给出一种状态空间下的基于复杂报警系统性能指标的设计方法,这种方法利用预先定义的包含不确定因数的轨迹模型,权衡报警和无报警之间的关系,以此来设定合适的报警门槛值;最后,以近地告警系统(GPWS)模式1的门槛设置为例,用Monte Carlo方法在MATLAB环境中进行计算机仿真,研究报警系统使用计算机得到报警阈值的方法.     

Testing and implementing cockpit alerting systems

Alerting systems are being given new technological capabilities that raise novel issues in their interaction with the operator, requiring new methods of testing in order to accurately assess and predict their ultimate impact on operational performance. This paper reviews operational problems with alerting systems, and outlines difficulties in testing them. A range of effects which should be examined during the testing and implementation of alerting systems are detailed, with an emphasis on understanding the total performance of the joint human-alerting system combination. Methods for testing alerting systems beyond the most-common tightly-controller laboratory experiments are detailed, using recent studies as examples.     

An intelligent slope disaster prediction and monitoring system based on WSN and ANP

Taiwan generally has large-scale landslides and torrential rainfall during the typhoon season. As Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) and mobile communication technologies advance rapidly, state-of-the-art technologies are adopted to build a model to reliably predict and monitor disasters, as well as accumulate environmental variation-related information. By integrating WSN and Analytic Network Process (ANP), this study evaluates the weight of disaster factors that adopt the consistency index of pair comparisons on hillslopes. The weight estimation and classification of disaster factors are based on the K-means model to build the hillslope prediction model. The Portrait-based Disaster Alerting System (PDAS) is designed and implemented using the proposed disaster prediction model. The PDAS adopts Web-GIS to visualize the environmental information. Evaluation results of the system indicate that the proposed prediction model achieves more accurate disaster determination than the conventional method.