Analysis of microwave brightness temperature of lunar surface and inversion of regolith layer thickness:Primary results of Chang-E 1 multi-channel radiometer observation

In China’s first lunar exploration project, Chang-E 1 (CE-1), a multi-channel microwave radiometer was aboard the satellite, with the purpose of measuring microwave brightness temperature from lunar surface and surveying the global distribution of lunar regolith layer thickness. In this paper, the primary 621 tracks of swath data measured by Chang-E 1 microwave radiometer from November 2007 to February 2008 are collected and analyzed. Using nearest neighbor interpolation based on the sun incidence angle in ...     

柴达木盆地南翼山构造三维地震资料解释及地质成果

南翼山构造三维地震资料解释是按下述步骤进行的:①首先根据已有钻井分层数据和各种测井曲线进行层位标定;②然后利用Apollo工作站的SEISTAR解释软件包具有垂直剖面和时间切片相关联的功能。进行层位拾取,生成时间构造图;③对工区内已有声测曲线进行各种校正建立三维速度数据体;④然后利用三维速度数据体与等t_0图得到解释层位的平均速度图;⑤利用Apollo的MAPSTAR绘图软件包的相应模块,把时间构造图和平均速度图的两个数据文件进行相应的运算,即可得到深度构造图。综合钻井和地震的各种信息分析认为,低频、低速、强能量是南翼山构造高产油气层的主要特征。据此,落实了渐新统顶高产油气层和中部上新统内一油层的分布范围。     

Astronauts Orbiting on Their Stomachs: The Needs to Design for the Consumption and Production of Food in Space

The sustainable and convivial habitation of Space requires the provision of a ready food supply that does not have to be transported from Earth. Architect and space researcher Sandra Häuplik-Meusburger highlights how important it is that Space Architecture fully accommodates and abets the consumption and production of food.     

Edge-guided GAN：边界信息引导的深度图像修复

目的 目前大多数深度图像修复方法可分为两类：色彩图像引导的方法和单个深度图像修复方法。色彩图像引导的方法利用色彩图像真值,或其上一帧、下一帧提供的信息来修复深度图像。若缺少相应信息,这类方法是无效的。单个深度图像修复方法可以修复数据缺失较少的深度图像。但是,无法修复带有孔洞（数据缺失较大）的深度图像。为解决以上问题,本文将生成对抗网络（generative adversarial network,GAN）应用于深度图像修复领域,提出了一种基于GAN的单个深度图像修复方法,即Edge-guided GAN。方法 首先,通过Canny算法获得待修复深度图像的边界图像,并将此两个单通道图像（待修复深度图像和边界图像）合并成一个2通道数据;其次,设计Edge-guided GAN高性能的生成器、判别器和损失函数,将此2通道数据作为生成器的输入,训练生成器,以生成器生成的深度图像（假值）和深度图像真值为判别器的输入,训练判别器;最终得到深度图像修复模型,完成深度图像修复。结果 在Apollo scape数据集上与其他4种常用的GAN、不带边界信息的Edge-guided GAN进行实验分析。在输入尺寸为256×256像素,掩膜尺寸为32×32像素情况下,Edge-guided GAN的峰值信噪比（peak signal-to-noise ratio,PSN）比性能第2的模型提高了15.76%;在掩膜尺寸为64×64像素情况下,Edge-guided GAN的PSNR比性能第2的模型提高了18.64%。结论 Edge-guided GAN以待修复深度图像的边界信息为其修复的约束条件,有效地提取了待修复深度图像特征,大幅度地提高了深度图像修复的精度。     

载人航天器深空自主导航

讨论了栽人航天器深空自主导航的作用，介绍了阿波罗8号飞船自主导航系统的设备，算法及其历史性的实践。     

Alpha: From the International Style to the International Space Station

How has a Modernist predilection for the modular contributed to the design of Space Architecture? Leading space architects Constance Adams and Rod Jones highlight how by embracing a diligent modularity in the early 1980s, NASA initiated a design approach that has enabled replicability, flexibility and technological transparency, and has proved the International Space Station resilient in the face of multiple logistical, financial and political challenges.     

Brave New Worlds: Reaching Towards a New Era of Space Architecture

Space travel is on the brink of a new era. Larry Bell , Professor of Architecture and Space Architecture at the University of Houston, describes how new ambitions are being reached for, such as the exploration of distant Mars, which will require longer and ever more complex missions. At the same time Space is being opened up internationally, with the participation of China and India, and space tourism is introducing privatisation and new commercial players.     

“Apollo Paradigm”: Dilemmas and Solutions of U.S. Human Space-flight

During 2010-2011, the USA cancelled the 5 years old Constellation program, terminated the Space Shuttle program which had lasted for 39 years. These led to a “gap” in America’s independent human spaceflight capacities and profound dilemmas in U.S human spaceflight enterprise. These dilemmas rooted in the “Apollo paradigm” are reflected in the development of U.S. human spaceflight since the Apollo era and are characterized by favoring to large scale technological systems and programs and the presumption that large human spaceflight programs are essential to sustain the political support for civil spaceflight programs. The goals, economic and technological characteristic of the technological programs in the “Apollo paradigm” are inflexible, which leads to the current stalemate in the U.S. human spaceflight enterprise. The sustainable and healthy development of human spaceflight requires getting rid of the “Apollo paradigm”, exploring the “flexible path” and basing the flexibility upon the entire aerospace industry. To fulfill these, we should, on the one hand, transform the methods of government acquisition so as to foster the market of space equipment manufacturing and encourage diversified courses of technological development; on the other hand, we should create technological and market niches for the innovative development of space equipment industry.     

Colonising the Red Planet: Humans to Mars in Our Time

Astronautical engineer and President of the Mars Society Robert Zubrin explains why a human exploration of Mars is preferable to the Moon and now within our grasp, despite being an average of 225 million miles away. He advocates how missions might be realised through a Mars Direct approach that employs relatively small spacecraft launched directly to the Red Planet via boosters.     

What Next for Human Space Flight?

Space travel is undergoing a significant period of transformation. While exploration in the last six decades has been driven by government-funded exploration by the major powers, the possibilities are now opening up for a Space Architecture that diversifies and caters for leisure, large-scale industrialization and permanent settlement. Experienced space architect Brent Sherwood brings into focus four potential futures for human space flight - experiencing, exploring, exploiting and settling.