全文获取类型
收费全文 | 17363篇 |
免费 | 1410篇 |
国内免费 | 1083篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 1590篇 |
综合类 | 2134篇 |
化学工业 | 711篇 |
金属工艺 | 459篇 |
机械仪表 | 1196篇 |
建筑科学 | 480篇 |
矿业工程 | 278篇 |
能源动力 | 439篇 |
轻工业 | 161篇 |
水利工程 | 378篇 |
石油天然气 | 204篇 |
武器工业 | 134篇 |
无线电 | 1145篇 |
一般工业技术 | 1418篇 |
冶金工业 | 242篇 |
原子能技术 | 48篇 |
自动化技术 | 8839篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 52篇 |
2023年 | 149篇 |
2022年 | 237篇 |
2021年 | 287篇 |
2020年 | 378篇 |
2019年 | 428篇 |
2018年 | 346篇 |
2017年 | 513篇 |
2016年 | 548篇 |
2015年 | 627篇 |
2014年 | 924篇 |
2013年 | 1326篇 |
2012年 | 1006篇 |
2011年 | 1100篇 |
2010年 | 857篇 |
2009年 | 982篇 |
2008年 | 1053篇 |
2007年 | 1134篇 |
2006年 | 1006篇 |
2005年 | 862篇 |
2004年 | 742篇 |
2003年 | 671篇 |
2002年 | 610篇 |
2001年 | 513篇 |
2000年 | 453篇 |
1999年 | 405篇 |
1998年 | 325篇 |
1997年 | 338篇 |
1996年 | 286篇 |
1995年 | 247篇 |
1994年 | 252篇 |
1993年 | 185篇 |
1992年 | 174篇 |
1991年 | 141篇 |
1990年 | 106篇 |
1989年 | 98篇 |
1988年 | 89篇 |
1987年 | 52篇 |
1986年 | 52篇 |
1985年 | 36篇 |
1984年 | 51篇 |
1983年 | 30篇 |
1982年 | 36篇 |
1981年 | 23篇 |
1980年 | 23篇 |
1979年 | 29篇 |
1978年 | 11篇 |
1977年 | 21篇 |
1976年 | 14篇 |
1975年 | 12篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
2.
We present a framework for the formulation of MIP scheduling models based on multiple and nonuniform discrete time grids. In a previous work we showed that it is possible to use different (possibly non-uniform) time grids for each task, unit, and material. Here, we generalize these ideas to account for general resources, and a range of processing characteristics such as limited intermediate storage and changeovers. Each resource has its own grid based on resource consumption and availability allowing resource constraints to be modeled more accurately without increasing the number of binary variables. We develop algorithms to define the unit-, task-, material-, and resource-specific grids directly from problem data. Importantly, we prove that the multi-grid formulation is able to find a schedule with the same optimal objective as the discrete-time single-grid model with an arbitrarily fine grid. The proposed framework leads to the formulation of models with reduced number of binary variables and constraints, which are able to find good solutions faster than existing models. 相似文献
3.
某出口型号交流电力机车牵引控制系统要求变流器控制逻辑具备接触器控制、牵引系统数据交互、变流器故障保护、变流器启动自检等功能。针对以上功能,基于MATLAB中的Simulink/Stateflow可视化编程工具进行牵引控制模型的搭建,遵循模块化编程理念,采用较少的程序代码编写实现复杂的逻辑控制模型,生成逻辑清晰的控制功能流程图,进行半实物仿真测试,增强控制模型的可靠性。通过该变流器产品型式试验检验,验证变流器控制逻辑的功能可以满足控制系统的需求。 相似文献
4.
In this paper, novel computing approach using three different models of feed-forward artificial neural networks (ANNs) are presented for the solution of initial value problem (IVP) based on first Painlevé equation. These mathematical models of ANNs are developed in an unsupervised manner with capability to satisfy the initial conditions exactly using log-sigmoid, radial basis and tan-sigmoid transfer functions in hidden layers to approximate the solution of the problem. The training of design parameters in each model is performed with sequential quadratic programming technique. The accuracy, convergence and effectiveness of the proposed schemes are evaluated on the basis of the results of statistical analyses through sufficient large number of independent runs with different number of neurons in each model as well. The comparisons of these results of proposed schemes with standard numerical and analytical solutions validate the correctness of the design models. 相似文献
5.
Distribution systems are most commonly operated in a radial configuration for a number of reasons. In order to impose radiality constraint in the optimal network reconfiguration problem, an efficient algorithm is introduced in this paper based on graph theory. The paper shows that the normally followed methods of imposing radiality constraint within a mixed-integer programming formulation of the reconfiguration problem may not be sufficient. The minimum-loss network reconfiguration problem is formulated using different ways to impose radiality constraint. It is shown, through simulations, that the formulated problem using the proposed method for representing radiality constraint can be solved more efficiently, as opposed to the previously proposed formulations. This results in up to 30% reduction in CPU time for the test systems used in this study. 相似文献
6.
Heat exchanger network synthesis (HENS) has progressed by using mathematical programming-based simultaneous methodology. Although various considerations such as non-isothermal mixing and bypass streams are applied to consider real world alternatives in modeling phase, many challenges are faced because of its properties within non-convex mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP). We propose a modified superstructure, which contains a utility substage for use in considering multiple utilities in a simultaneous MINLP model. To improve model size and convergence, fixed utility locations according to temperature and series connections between utilities are suggested. The numbers of constraints, discrete, and continuous variables show that overall model size decreases compared with previous research. Thus, it is possible to expand the feasible search area for reaching the nearest global solution. The model's effectiveness and applications are exemplified by several literature problems, where it is used to deduce a network superior to that of any other reported methodology. 相似文献
7.
This paper is the second one of the two papers entitled “Weighted Superposition Attraction (WSA) Algorithm”, which is about the performance evaluation of the WSA algorithm in solving the constrained global optimization problems. For this purpose, the well-known mechanical design optimization problems, design of a tension/compression coil spring, design of a pressure vessel, design of a welded beam and design of a speed reducer, are selected as test problems. Since all these problems were formulated as constrained global optimization problems, WSA algorithm requires a constraint handling method for tackling them. For this purpose we have selected 6 formerly developed constraint handling methods for adapting into WSA algorithm and analyze the effect of the used constraint handling method on the performance of the WSA algorithm. In other words, we have the aim of producing concluding remarks over the performance and robustness of the WSA algorithm through a set of computational study in solving the constrained global optimization problems. Computational study indicates the robustness and the effectiveness of the WSA in terms of obtained results, reached level of convergence and the capability of coping with the problems of premature convergence, trapping in a local optima and stagnation. 相似文献
8.
《矿业科学技术学报(英文版)》2020,30(6):785-797
In this study, uniaxial compressive strength (UCS), unit weight (UW), Brazilian tensile strength (BTS), Schmidt hardness (SHH), Shore hardness (SSH), point load index (Is50) and P-wave velocity (Vp) properties were determined. To predict the UCS, simple regression (SRA), multiple regression (MRA), artificial neural network (ANN), adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) and genetic expression programming (GEP) have been utilized. The obtained UCS values were compared with the actual UCS values with the help of various graphs. Datasets were modeled using different methods and compared with each other. In the study where the performance indice PIat was used to determine the best performing method, MRA method is the most successful method with a small difference. It is concluded that the mean PIat equal to 2.46 for testing dataset suggests the superiority of the MRA, while these values are 2.44, 2.33, and 2.22 for GEP, ANFIS, and ANN techniques, respectively. The results pointed out that the MRA can be used for predicting UCS of rocks with higher capacity in comparison with others. According to the performance index assessment, the weakest model among the nine model is P7, while the most successful models are P2, P9, and P8, respectively. 相似文献
9.
ABSTRACTThis paper presents an empirical assessment of four state-of-the-art risk-averse approaches to deal with the capacitated lot-sizing problem under stochastic demand. We analyse two mean-risk models based on the semideviation and on the conditional value-at-risk risk measures, and alternate first and second-order stochastic dominance approaches. The extensive computational experiments based on different instances characteristics and on a case-study suggest that CVaR exhibits a good trade-off between risk and performance, followed by the semideviation and first-order stochastic dominance approach. For all approaches, enforcing risk-aversion helps to reduce the cost-standard deviation substantially, which is usually accomplished via increasing production rates. Overall, we can say that very risk-averse decision-makers would be willing to pay an increased price to have a much less risky solution given by CVaR . In less risk-averse settings, though, semideviation and first-order stochastic dominance can be appealing alternatives to provide significantly more stable production planning costs with a marginal increase of the expected costs. 相似文献
10.
Smart grid has opened up a new role of “prosumer” in an energy value network, transforming many conventional energy consumers into prosumers, who not only generate green energy but also share the surplus with utilities and other consumers. The concept of a goal-oriented prosumer community group (PCG) has emerged recently as an effective way to fulfill sustainable energy exchange. Such community-based energy sharing networks comprise multiple irreconcilable objectives such as demand constraints, cost constraints, and income maximization. In many cases, one goal may be achievable only at the expense of other goals. This necessitates the development of an effective framework to manage the multiple goals and reduce the gap with their achievement levels. Therefore, in this research paper, an effective framework is developed to negotiate among the multiple goals and thus to define optimal mutual goals for each PCG in a more sustainable manner using multiple-criteria goal programming techniques. Simulation results are presented to illustrate how the methods work in practical situations, where each of the objective measure is given a target value and the unwanted deviations from this set are minimized in an achievement function. 相似文献