未来十年综合航电系统的发展趋向

本文主要阐述未来十年国外综合航电系统的总的发展趋向，重点介绍了在开放式系统结构的研究与应用、采用COTS技术、模块化、多传感器综合技术等方面的发展趋向。     

An optimization framework for “build-or-buy” decisions in software architecture

Building a software architecture that meets functional requirements is a quite consolidated activity, whereas keeping high quality attributes is still an open challenge. In this paper we introduce an optimization framework that supports the decision whether to buy software components or to build them in-house upon designing a software architecture. We devise a non-linear cost/quality optimization model based on decision variables indicating the set of architectural components to buy and to build in order to minimize the software cost while keeping satisfactory values of quality attributes. From this point of view, our tool can be ideally embedded into a Cost Benefit Analysis Method to provide decision support to software architects. The novelty of our approach consists in building costs and quality attributes on a common set of decision variables related to software development. We start from a special case of the framework where the quality constraints are related to the delivery time and the product reliability, and the model solution also devises the amount of unit testing to be performed on built components. We generalize the framework formulation to represent a broader class of architectural cost-minimization problems under quality constraints, and discuss advantages and limitations of such approach.     

基于元数据的COTS构件研究与实现

当前软件系统开发的一个新趋势是大量使用Commercial Off the Shelf简称为COTS构件产品,文章提出了基于元数据的COTS构件的概念,将构件中属性、行为、约束等以元数据的方式独立出来,而构件专注于实现元数据支持下的业务规则处理,这在一定程度上缓解了这种系统所存在的外部依赖性强、系统演化性不好的问题,最后给出了一个有关的应用实例。     

高性能BLAS在类Beowulf机群系统上的实现

Beowulf计划关于“基于COTS技术以满足特殊计算需要”的思想使得机群计算成为斋性能计算的一个重要流派,本文针对类Beowulf机群的Intel微处理器特点,讨论了BLAS的优化技术,在以软件DSM系统作为并行编程环境的类Beowulf机群系统上作出了性能评价。     

An Industrial Case Study on Distributed Prioritisation in Market-Driven Requirements Engineering for Packaged Software

When developing packaged software, which is sold ‘off-the-shelf’ on a worldwide marketplace, it is essential to collect needs and opportunities from different market segments and use this information in the prioritisation of requirements for the next software release. This paper presents an industrial case study where a distributed prioritisation process is proposed, observed and evaluated. The stakeholders in the requirements prioritisation process include marketing offices distributed around the world. A major objective of the distributed prioritisation is to gather and highlight the differences and similarities in the requirement priorities of the different market segments. The evaluation through questionnaires shows that the stakeholders found the process useful. The paper also presents novel approaches to visualise the priority distribution among stakeholders, together with measures on disagreement and satisfaction. Product management found the proposed charts valuable as decision support when selecting requirements for the next release, as they revealed unforeseen differences among stakeholder priorities. Conclusions on stakeholder tactics are provided and issues of further research are identified, including ways of addressing identified challenges.     

一种构建COTS中间件的自适应Web服务方法

自适应Web服务运行在COTS中间件平台具有特别的挑战性。通过引入业务Web服务与自适应组件之间的管理代理,给出一种构建COTS中间件的自适应Web服务的解决方案。管理代理可以定制并利用现有的中间件机制无缝地集成到一个COTS平台。通过一个基于.Net WCF的Web服务应用来论证此架构。结果表明,该方案在性能和灵活性方面是有效的。     

基于COTS软件系统的包装器及其接口设计

基于COTS的软件开发(COTS-BasedSoftwareDevelopment)方法日益受到重视,文章针对COTS软件的特点,提出了一种抽象的包装器模型,并给出了这种包装器模型的接口的设计方法。这种包装器模型进一步具体化可以把COTS软件包装成COM组件、CORBA组件以及JavaBean组件,通过包装器接口的组织还可以实现COTS软件功能的增加和屏蔽。     

Requirements for a COTS software component: A case study

The goal of the GUARDS project is to design and develop a generic fault-tolerant computer architecture that can be built from predefined standardised components. The architecture favours the use of commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) hardware and software components. However, the assessment and selection of COTS components is a non-trivial task as it requires balancing a myriad of requirements from end-users and the preliminary architecture design. In this paper, we present the requirements and assessment criteria for a specific COTS software component, the operating system kernel. As an interface specification constitutes a major compatibility criterion for the selection of COTS components in GUARDS, a particular emphasis is placed on operating system conformance to the POSIX 1003.1 standard. We discuss the general lessons learned from the assessment process and raise a number of questions relevant to the assessment of any COTS software component.     

Design and Analysis of MEMS Comb Drive Capacitive Accelerometer for SHM and Seismic Applications

This work presents the design of a MEMS accelerometer that is specifically intended for Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) applications where sensing low frequency low amplitude accelerations with high resolution is essential. The surface micromachined comb drive capacitance accelerometer structure has been considered in this design. The simulation experiments conducted on these devices using IntelliSuite MEMS design tool show that it has excellent displacement sensitivity of 21.39 μm/g, a capacitive sensitivity of 1.22 pF/g and voltage sensitivity of 1783 mV/g/V when it is designed to measure 0–0.1 g. Further, it is seen that it has a very low noise floor of 1.32 μg/√Hz and therefore high resolution. Since the accelerations can be as low as 0.04 g in SHM applications, excellent resolution is the primary goal in this design. Further, one more sensor specifically meant for strong motion seismic application has also been reported. This device has a bandwidth of 0–250 Hz and a noise floor of 5.612 μg/√Hz in addition to a sensor level voltage sensitivity of 97.9 mV/g/V. Finally, the comparison of these results with other similar devices reported in the past clearly illustrates the comparable performance of the present devices. Further, these devices, unlike the commercial low frequency accelerometers and other similar devices reported in the past can be fabricated by surface micromachining and CMOS compatible processes.     

基于异构平台的入侵容忍COTS服务器设计与实现

提出了利用异构平台搭建的可以透明支持COTS产品的入侵容忍服务器方案——ITHP,并通过分析和试验系统测试两种方式,证明了ITHP方案可以屏蔽大多数的未知漏洞。