中英文文本分类系统异同因素的探讨

论文介绍了文本分类技术的研究进展及发展方向,给出了中英文文本分类系统构建的一般模型和过程,分析总结了中英文文本分类过程中的异同,并介绍了针对这些异同因素常用的处理方法。     

文本分类技术研究*

对文本分类技术进行研究,介绍文本分类的基本过程,论述文本特征提取方法,讨论朴素贝叶斯、K-近邻、支持向量机、投票等常用的文本分类原理与方法,探讨中文文本分类技术。     

Web智能信息服务系统的设计与实现*

Web信息的快速增长和人们对信息需求的不断提高,使得用户越来越难获得其需要的信息。为了解决这些问题,介绍了一个智能化的Web信息服务系统的设计及其实现,它能够使用户更好地获得并使用信息。对系统的基本框架、主要功能模块的实现等进行了详细的介绍。     

Consumer categorization of plant-based dishes: Implications for promoting vegetable consumption

Strategies to increase vegetable consumption that go beyond their health benefits and the recommendation to consume a specific number of portions a day are necessary. In this sense, a more in-depth understanding of what consumers consider as “vegetables” is of interest, as it can highlight possible mismatches between guidelines and everyday experiences and contribute to the design of public campaigns and interventions. In this context, the aim of the study were: to explore how the plant-based dish category is represented for consumers, to evaluate differences among consumers with different familiarity towards vegetables, to identify the sensory properties that drive typicality and expected liking, and to investigate the relationship between typicality of the dishes and their expected liking and sensory characteristics. One hundred and twenty three consumers were considered for the study. Consumers were characterized for their level of familiarity toward vegetables and pulses and through two psycho-attitudinal questionnaires: Food Neophobia Scale and Health and Taste Attitudes Questionnaire. A total of 80 pictures of plant-based dishes were evaluated to assess the expected liking, healthiness and preparation level of each dish. Consumers were asked to rate and the typicality of the dishes by rating their agreement with the sentence “This is a plant-based dish”. In addition, the sensory properties characterizing each dish were evaluated using Check-All-That-Apply question. Results indicated a graded structure of the plant-based dish category, with some category members more typical than others. Specific recipe typologies, such as salads and boiled vegetables, were perceived as more typical than others, such as soups and fried vegetables. Expected sensory attributes were found to influence the typicality of a dish. The attributes Bitter, Green, Not very intense flavor, Orange, Sour and Watery positively influenced typicality, while Brown and Creamy negatively influenced it. Typicality affected expected liking for the dishes but its influence depended on consumers’ level of familiarity toward vegetables and pulses. In fact, among consumers with a low level of familiarity, the lower the typicality, the higher the expected liking. A less strong association was found among consumers with a high level of familiarity. These results stress that promotion of vegetable consumption targeted to vegetables dislikers should therefore consider their representation of the category, in order to limit the exposure to features with a negative hedonic value.     

Categorization of seismic sources by auditory display: A blind test

Recordings of the Earth's surface oscillation as a function of time (seismograms) can be sonified by compressing time so that most of the signal's frequency spectrum falls in the audible range. The pattern-recognition capabilities of the human auditory system can then be applied to the auditory analysis of seismic data. In this experiment, we sonify a set of seismograms associated with a magnitude-5.6 Oklahoma earthquake recorded at 17 broadband stations within a radius of ∼300 km from the epicenter, and a group of volunteers listen to our sonified seismic data set via headphones. Most of the subjects have never heard a sonified seismogram before. Given the lack of studies on this subject, we prefer to make no preliminary hypotheses on the categorization criteria employed by the listeners: we follow the “free categorization” approach, asking listeners to simply group sounds that they perceive as “similar.” We find that listeners tend to group together sonified seismograms sharing one or more underlying physical parameters, including source–receiver distance, source–receiver azimuth, and, possibly, crustal structure between source and receiver and/or at the receiver. This suggests that, if trained to do so, human listeners can recognize subtle features in sonified seismic signals. It remains to be determined whether auditory analysis can complement or lead to improvements upon the standard visual and computational approaches in specific tasks of geophysical interest.     

On the notion of concept II

In this paper, we carry on with the analysis of constructible concepts initiated in [M. Freund, On the notion of concept 1. Artificial Intelligence 172 (2008) 570-590], and examine the key notions of categorization theory that are linked with category-based induction. In the main part of the article, we propose a reformulation of classical prototype theory using the framework of monotonic and non-monotonic logics. In this perspective, the classical notions of essence and intension are respectively interpreted as sets of necessary and defeasible consequences, giving rise to a relation ? analogous to that of classical consequence, and a relation ∼ which behaves, relatively to ?, like a supraclassical rational inference relation. This formal analogy between the language of categorization theory and that of propositional logic reveals itself to be particularly useful when dealing with the problem of category-based induction.     

Operationalizing governance categories of projects

This study operationalizes an existing concept for the categorization of governance approaches for projects. For that the concept's four governance paradigms, based on the overlay of the shareholder–stakeholder orientation with the behavior–outcome control of a project's parent organization are measured. The measurement dimensions were derived from the intersection of governance and organization theory with project management theory, thereby addressing those areas of corporate governance and organizational control that extend into projects. The application of the measurement construct, its validity and reliability are tested through a world-wide questionnaire with 478 responses. Analysis of the responses shows the differences in governance structures for projects by country, project size, and project type. The results are important for managers developing governance structures and academics developing governance theories.     

Can smartphones be specialists? Effects of specialization in mobile advertising

Based on the Computers Are Social Actors (CASA) paradigm, this study extends the expectations regarding the superiority of specialists over generalists to mobile technology by examining whether the specialization of a hardware agent (i.e., a smartphone) and a software agent (i.e., an application) has psychological effects on smartphone users who are exposed to mobile advertisements. Results from a between-subjects experiment (N = 80) show that specialist smartphones and applications induce greater trust in advertisements and an increased purchase intention toward the advertised products than generalist smartphones and applications. In addition, the effects of specialization on purchase intention are mediated by trust in advertisements. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.     

汽轮发电机组轴系振动分析

发电机组振动是电厂中常见的现象,振动的危害很大,可造成设备的损坏,振动所产生的噪音,对操作人员的生理及精神状态也十分有害.要消除振动,必须弄清振动类型、引起振动的原因以及相应的表现特征,从振动的表现特征入手,找到振动的原因,提出消除振动的方法与措施,从而达到减小或消除振动的目的.振动是电厂中普遍又非常复杂的问题,消除振动的方法必须随着新技术、新设备的更新而不断完善.